EFEKTI KLIMATSKIH PROMENA NA KULTURNO NASLEĐE SA OSVRTOM NA INSTITUCIONALNI I STRATEŠKI OKVIR
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CULTURAL HERITAGE WITH A VIEW ON THE INSTITUTIONAL AND STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK

Summary/Abstract: Climate change is one of the most important issues facing both natural and cultural World heritage properties in the twenty-first century. The potential impacts of Climate change on cultural heritage can be considered within the physical, social and cultural context. Cultural heritage (in a strict sense consisting of cultural-historical monuments, archaeological sites, historical buildings, as well as cultural landscapes) is exposed to a number of risks caused by climate change (such as a sea level rise, frequent floods, higher level of air and soil humidity, storm winds, droughts, desertification, erosions, etc.). The adverse effects of climate change are mainly observed as damage to the historic built structure and materials and also as a degradation of rural landscapes with cultural values. This paper presents several case studies of selected cultural sites in order to demonstrate the potential impacts of climate change and active measures that were taken. The institutional, strategic and policy framework for action to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on cultural heritage has been presented by a number of initiatives launched by relevant international organizations such as The World Heritage Committee, The UNESCO World Heritage Centre and their Advisory Bodies (ICOMOS, ICCROM and IUCN), as well as European Commission and Council of Europe. Two important policy documents „Predicting and Managing the effects of Climate Change on World Heritage―, as well as a „Strategy for reducing Risks from Disasters at World Heritage properties―, were considered and adopted by the Committee at its 30th session (Vilnius, 2006). The heritage conservation strategy contained in these documents comprises 3 parts: 1. preventive actions (monitoring, reporting, climate change mitigation), 2. corrective actions (adaptation to climate change through global and regional strategies and local management plans) and 3. sharing knowledge (examples of good practices, research, communication, education, capacity building).

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