Akcja H-T 1951 r. Zarys problematyki
Akcja H-T 1951 r. Zarys problematyki
Author(s): Artur BrożyniakSubject(s): Social Sciences, Post-War period (1950 - 1989), Migration Studies
Published by: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Keywords: exchange of some territories; changes in state borders; “Action H-T”; “Action-51”; population resettlement; Poland; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; USSR; USRS
Summary/Abstract: In 1951, the communist governments of Poland and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics concluded an agreement to exchange some territories. Poland transferred lands located in the Hrubieszów and Tomaszów counties in the Lublin Voivodeship in the upper Bug basin (the so-called Grzęda Sokalska). The USSR gave up the area in the Bieszczady Mountains east of the upper reaches of the San River, including the town of Ustrzyki Dolne. The mentioned areas were part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. Areas of 480 km2 for each side were exchanged. Poland and the USRS had to evict their citizens from the ceded areas and take away their movable property. Soviet Ukraine resettled 32,066 people. Poland over 14 thousand its citizens. Both sides had to provide care and state assistance to the displaced population. However, the grief for the lost „small homelands” remained among Poles and Ukrainians. Only a few managed to return to their hometowns in the Bieszczady Mountains after 1957, including: to Łobozewo, Teleśnica Oszwarowa and Polana. The return involved a change of citizenship. The exchange of some territories is sometimes referred to as “Action H-T”, from the first letters of the names of the Hrubieszów and Tomaszów counties from which Polish citizens were expelled. In turn, the term “Action-51” appears in Ukrainian literature. The border change made in 1951 was the largest in the post-war history of Poland.
Journal: Copernicus. Czasy Nowożytne i Współczesne
- Issue Year: 2023
- Issue No: 2
- Page Range: 11-15
- Page Count: 5
- Language: Polish