Hejt i mowa nienawiści w orzecznictwie polskich sądów cywilnych – zagadnienia wybrane
Hate and hate speech in the jurisprudence of Polish civil courts - selected issues

Summary/Abstract: The article presents an analysis of the jurisprudence of civil courts on hate and hate speech.It indicates the way of understanding the notions of “hate” and “hate speech” in the justificationsof court decisions, irregularities in determining the amount of harm and redress, the importancethat courts give to the prevention of hate speech. Moreover it indicates that the courts recognizethat hate and hate speech are a catalyst for subsequent acts of verbal and physical aggression andthey also set wider boundaries for acceptable criticism against public figures.

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