SOSYO-EPİSTEMİK AÇIDAN TANIKLIK VE UZMAN TANIKLIĞI
TESTIMONY AND SPECIALIZED TESTIMONY FROM A SOCIO-EPISTEMIC PERSPECTIVE

Summary/Abstract: Testimonial knowledge includes both sense-based experiences and mental knowledge that an epistemic agent has acquired in relation to any fact or event occurring now or in the past. Testimonial knowledge has an important function in daily life practices and judicial situations. As witnesses, we construct our beliefs through statements and expressions made by other minds in the social world; testimony is a social epistemic practice. The status of testimony also has a socio-epistemic dimension in the sense that it expresses an interaction with respect to the degree of truth of social phenomena. Social testimony, which is an element of social epistemic construction, and expert testimony, which is a version of it, have a functional role in social epistemic justification and strengthening our social epistemic evidence. Alvin I. Goldman, a moderate social epistemologist, explains testimonial knowledge social epistemical by considering it within the framework of a protective socio-epistemic approach that derives its justification from epistemic elements. Because the essence of testimony, which is based on an individual doxastic basis, even within a social context, initially provided its basic arguments and justifications from internal/mental abilities. However, it is possible for testimonial knowledge to enter a socio-epistemic context from an individual context by establishing a relationship between individual epistemic cognition and practices in the social world. Testimonial knowledge can be obtained in an ordinary way in social life, as well as in a formal sense, subject to certain rules or regulations. In this respect, the field of realization of socio-epistemic testimonies emerges more clearly in expert testimonies.

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