FRĂMÂNTĂRILE ȘI CONTROVERSELE TEOLOGICE DIN SECOLUL XX PRIVITE CA UN PEDAGOG AL CRIZEI CREȘTINISMULUI DE ASTĂZI
THE THEOLOGICAL CONFLICTS AND CONTROVERSIES OF THE 20TH CENTURY VIEWED AS A PEDAGOGUE OF THE CRISIS OF CHRISTIANITY TODAY

Summary/Abstract: This paper investigates the theological turmoil and controversies of the 20th century and examines them as a pedagogy for understanding the current crisis in Christianity. After presenting the historical context of the 20th century, the article explores the characteristics of Christianity at the turn of the century and introduces liberal theology and its distinctive features. The phenomenon of fundamentalism and the theological directions promoted as a reaction to liberal theology are then analyzed. The controversy between the liberal and fundamentalist currents is highlighted, with a mention of the existing animosities between them. The article continues by defining and discussing evangelicalism and evangelical theology. This dynamic and diverse interdenominational Protestant movement is presented as different from the two previous currents. Crisis theology, also known as neo-orthodoxy or dialectical theology, is presented as a more moderate alternative approach to the liberal-fundamentalism controversy. Neo-orthodoxy is also much more academic highlighting its relevance in the current context. The last chapter focuses on the pedagogy of the past and its relevance in addressing new research directions. It emphasizes the importance of learning from history to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past in the face of the current crisis of excessive digitalization.

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