Kategoria płci w komunikacji językowej (na przykładzie polskich i rosyjskich tekstów prawnych)
The gender category in linguistic communication (in Polish and Russian legal texts)

Summary/Abstract: The category of gender, which is a set of different human characteristics, is reflectedin language. The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the category of genderin interpersonal communication with reference to Polish and Russian legal texts. Legaltexts identify a human being as a citizen of a certain state and community and regulatetheir functioning within a given group. As by law all citizens are to receive equaltreatment, the gender category is not a criterion for the choice of legal responsibility,although examples of linguistic gender differentiation can be noted in both the Polishand Russian legal systems. The selected texts of constitutions and collections of legal actswere examined with the use of qualitative and quantitative linguistic analysis in orderto excerpt gender-indicating lexemes in both languages, and to examine their equivalenceand translatability into the other language. Results show a similar stock of wordsexpressing the gender category in Polish and Russian legal language. Nominalizationsdenoting female and male genders extracted from the legal texts undergoing scrutiny donot pose a particular translation problem; their equivalents can be found in the standardlanguage and in bilingual dictionaries.

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