RUSYA EĞİTİM SİSTEMİ
RUSSIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM

Summary/Abstract: This study aims to examine the outlines and important features of the education system in Russia. Russia is a country with a large geographical area and a variety of ethnic groups. The education system has undergone many changes since the Soviet Union period. The Russian education system consists of a series of stages from compulsory education to university. Primary and secondary education are based on basic education programs and are usually divided into general education and vocational education. Basic education provides students with general knowledge and skills as well as basic knowledge of Russian culture and history. Vocational education aims to prepare students for specific professions. The education system in Russia is centrally managed. Education programs and curricula are determined at the federal level, while implementation and administration are usually carried out at the local level. In education, national standards and exams are used to assess student achievement and monitor the quality of education. In higher education, Russia is home to many prestigious universities. Entrance to university is usually based on a centralized examination, the Unified State Examination (Unified State Exam). Higher education offers undergraduate and graduate programs and students can study in a variety of disciplines. In recent years, several reform initiatives have been undertaken in the Russian education system. Innovations have been made in areas such as the promotion of science and technology-based innovations, the use of digital technologies in education and the strengthening of international cooperation. However, the Russian education system also faces some challenges. Issues such as financing, infrastructure deficiencies, regional inequalities and teacher quality are areas where the system needs to be improved.

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