SITUAȚIA CREDINCIOȘILOR ORTODOCȘI DIN UCRAINA ÎN SECOLELE AL XVI-LEA – AL XVII-LEA ȘI ROLUL MITROPOLITULUI PETRU MOVILĂ ÎN AFIRMAREA LIBERTĂȚII RELIGIOASE
The Situation of Orthodox Believers in Ukraine in the 16th – 17th Centuries and the Role of Metropolitan Petru Movilă in Affirming Religious Freedom

Summary/Abstract: The study presents the history of the Ukrainian territories, where the beginnings of the Russian state and the Russian Church were, from Christianization to the middle of the 17th century. Today’s Ukraine and Belarus have been included in the Polish-Lithuanian Union since the 14th century. The Orthodox were deprived of any civil rights, being considered serfs. A minority at the top of society, along with the higher clergy, embraced union with the Church of Rome in order to maintain their class positions within the Polish state, and the mass of the people remained faithful to Orthodox traditions. Metropolitan Petru Movilă of Romanian origin was providential for the Church of Ukraine, which he defended, strengthened it on an institutional level (within the Polish kingdom), on a dogmatic and liturgical level (through fundamental books), trained its ministers, organized – it (through administration and discipline), endowed it with new founders, danes and extensive restoration works of the old places. he was an outgrowth of Ukrainian culture, in whose revival, in a European and national sense, he played a decisive role.

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