Dążenia niepodległościowe w prowincji Bougainville
Independence Struggle in Bougainville Province

Summary/Abstract: The geopolitical stability of the world is usually undermined by contemporary rivalry between states. However, the Bougainville province independence movement may be considered as the peculiarity of world order, where new statehood will appear in a brand new context of independence struggle within a multiethnic state created by the decolonization process. The aim of the study is to review the genesis, course and impact of the conflict in the province of Bougainville in Papua New Guinea in accordance with other separatisms in Southeast Asia and the Pacific area. The main methods utilized for the most important factors comparison and description are the geographic descriptive synthesis method and geopolitical risk analytics, with the help of the cartographic method and sources databases comparison. The social, political and economic situation of Bougainville, which occurred after the opening of the copper and gold mines, was analyzed. The paper presents the effects of the development of the mining industry on the island. The process of destabilization on the island and its impact on the beginning of the armed conflict in Bougainville were discussed. The work also shows the situation after the end of the war and reviews the course and impact of the referendum in Bougainville. It should answer as to whether this separatism is a new type of secessionist movement, or rather, it is a normally occurring process with peculiar conclusions of being successful. It turns out that most of the political, social, and economic factors were specific, so this independence movement is rather peculiar and may be initial for new secessionist rebellions and incoming tendencies in the region or the whole world.

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