Realizacje grafemów "ą" i "ę" w piśmie Polaków i cudzoziemców uczących się języka polskiego jako drugiego (na przykładzie studentów z Ukrainy)
The variants of graphemes ‘ą’ and ‘ę’ in native vs. non-native Polish speakers’ handwriting (as exemplified by Ukrainian students learning polish as a second language)

Summary/Abstract: The article discusses the variants of the ą and ę graphemes used by Ukrainians learning Polish as a second language. A forensic handwriting analysis study of the two graphemes as written by native speakers of Polish served as the basis for the analysis. The research material consisted of texts that were dictated to the students and was examined with a focus on variants and the frequency of their occurrence. The results of the study indicate there are significant differences in the way Ukrainian students and native Polish speakers use both graphemes.

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