PRYMAS POLSKI STEFAN KARDYNAŁ WYSZYŃSKI JAKO KONTYNUATOR NAUCZANIA AUGUSTA KARDYNAŁA HLONDA W REALIZACJI ODNOWY NARODU POPRZEZ JASNOGÓRSKIE SANKTUARIUM
PRIMATE OF POLAND STEFAN CARDINAL WYSZYŃSKI AS A CONTINUATOR OF THE TEACHING OF AUGUST CARDINAL HLOND IN THE REALIZATION OF THE RENEWAL OF THE NATION THROUGH THE JASNA GÓRA SANCTUARY

Summary/Abstract: After its defence against the Swedish army (1655) and the vows of Jan Kazimierz (1656), Jasna Góra gradually became a national shrine and the spiritual capital of Poland. The persistence of Marian devotion is an expression of the nation’s symbiosis with the Church in the religious, moral, cultural, social and political fields. The major Marian celebrations were combined with the celebration of the Constitution of 3 May (Our Lady Queen of Poland), and mass walking pilgrimages: 15 August (Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary) and 26 August (Feast of Our Lady of Jasna Góra), as well as 8 September (Feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary). The great Primates of Poland, Cardinal August Hlond and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, were both confrères of the Pauline Order. They also made more important decisions at Jasna Gora during the deliberations of the Polish Episcopal Conference, the Legal Commission or the General Council. The national shrine was the site of the First Plenary Synod of the reborn Poland (1936), the completed central celebration of the Sacrum Poloniae Millenium (1966) and numerous vows and acts of devotion. The aforementioned primates often came to pray before the miraculous image of the Black Madonna both privately, occasionally and officially. During the interwar period, Cardinal A. Hlond mainly participated in pilgrimages of professional groups. After World War II, during the communist period, under the next prime minister, pilgrimage on foot developed on a massive scale. Throughout his Primate’s ministry, Cardinal S. Wyszyński referred in his sermons and speeches to the Marian-themed sentences uttered by his predecessor on his deathbed, which he described as a spiritual testament.

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