THE NECESSITY OF SCHOOL RECONSTRUCTION. FROM INSTRUCTION TO EDUCATION
THE NECESSITY OF SCHOOL RECONSTRUCTION. FROM INSTRUCTION TO EDUCATION

Summary/Abstract: The public opinion is impregnated by the idea according to which life is not possible in the absence of school. Such an opinion has become, according to the statement of Ivan Ilich, the greatest religion of humankind. Within out current society, school is the object of increasing pressures from all sides; in these conditions, it becomes vulnerable. The current school reality especially highlights, on the one hand, an elitism based on selection, promoted ever since Durkheim’s ideas, who implicitly recognised the social inequalities reflected in education, and on the other, the generalization of education is strongly promoted, which led to the progressive access to school education to all children. The dynamic of social life, that of the institutions performing an informal education, together with the explosive evolution of digital technologies generate new educational sources and fields, which profoundly mark the training of new generations of children and youth. One rightly asks himself: How do we define nowadays a “good school”? Which are the criteria according to which we attribute it this characteristic or quality? Is the traditional school capable of being reformed to such an extent as to address the challenges of our days? Which position must the school adopt: should it remain the former “sanctuary”, or should it become more open and fundamentally change its functions. Truth to be told, the answer lies in the middle. The society in which we live nowadays promotes both democracy and liberalism. Democracy and competition! The transition from a selective school to a mass democratic school at the level of primary and secondary studies is a sinuous process which will continue for a long time from now on, given the evolution of evaluative ideas and practices, stimulated / generated by spectacular social, economic, political, cultural, philosophical and scientific evolutions etc.

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