MARCELLO MALPIGHI (1628-1694): ОСНОВОПОЛОЖНИК НА МИКРОСКОПСКАТА АНАТОМИЯ И БОТАНИКА
MARCELLO MALPIGHI (1628-1694): FOUNDER OF MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY AND BOTANY

Summary/Abstract: Marcello Malpighi was a brilliant Italian physican, anatomist and botanist. He was born in Crevalcore, near Bologna, Italy, in 1628. Malpighi studied at the University of Bologna, and in 1653 he was granted doctorates in both medicine and philosophy. While in Bologna, he was a part of a small anatomical group („Choro Anatomico“) leaded by Bartolomeo Massari, his anatomy teacher. Later Malpighi became professor of theoretical medicine at the University of Pisa where he was introduced by Borelli in iatromechanics (human body like a set of different small machines), and began to work with the microscope, the very important instrument in his life. Using the microscope he discovered the capillaries, glomeruli of the kidneys, renal pyramids, and chick embryo alveoli. In addition to his anatomical studies, he studied plants and published a book entitled „Anatomia Plantarum“ in 1671. Malpighi collaborated with the Royal Society of London who designated him as an honorary member. In 1691, he was invited by Pope Innocent XII to become his personal physician in Rome. His name served as eponym of many anatomical structures. Malpighi died in 1694 in Rome but was buried in Bologna.

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