Колективизацията на селското стопанство в България (1948–1958). Типология, етапи, проблеми
The Collectivization of Agriculture in Bulgaria (1948–1958). Typologies, Stages, Problems

Summary/Abstract: The collectivization in Bulgaria was entirely of a Stalinist type – the Bulgarian rulers tried to follow strictly the Soviet model of collectivization of the 30s. In spite of that the process assumed some peculiarities which differentiated it from the classical Soviet variant. The first of them was expressed in that the Bulgarian collectivization was much more moderate and toned down: it did not bring about such shocks in society as caused the collectivization in the USSR. In the second place, the process in Bulgaria was expressed in the form of several campaigns of which four were the most important: from the autumn of 1948 to about the end of February 1949, in August-September 1950, in March 1956 and at the beginning of 1958. The third particularity of the Bulgarian collectivization was that between its two basic stages there was a prolonged interval of four years and a half. The main cause for this interval was the “thaw” which began in the summer of 1953 of the Stalinist model of socialism in the whole Soviet bloc. The compulsory co-operation brought about the resistance of the peasants, the strongest manifestation of which were the peasant revolts which broke out in 85 villages in 1951 and 34 in 1956. In general, however, the resistance of the Bulgarian peasants was considerably weaker than that of the peasants in the USSR in the 30s.

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