„Călcâiul ridicat” al lui Iuda din Ioan 13, 18: o veche greșeală de traducere?
Judas’ "Lifted Heel" in John 13, 18: An Ancient Mistranslation?

Summary/Abstract: This investigation aims to determine whether in the case of Judas' heel lifted against Jesus in John 13, 18 one can really speak about the proper sense of the phrase, expressing violence. At a more thorough look, we can easily find arguments to say it is rather a calque, one which led to frequent misinterpretations of the verse. In the quotation John gives there, Septuagint had rendered the Hebrew for 'heel' with the Greek for 'craft', which meant that it recognized a metonymy which describes a nonviolent meaning. The biblical meaning of the 'heel' may go beyond the literal sense (the anatomic back part of the foot), to include grasping someone by that anatomic part, in order to deceive him. Credible grounds in the Patristic tradition and in modern exegesis are in favour of revising the translation of the verse, according to this wider meaning. Some English and Greek biblical editions already did this, whereas the Romanian New Testament can rely on the solutions provided by the previous versions of the Old Testament.

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