Az ókori Hatra születése
The Birth of the Ancient Hatra

Summary/Abstract: Hatra first appears in ancient historiography during Traian's reign. Earlier history of the area can be reconstructed from archaeological finds. The first finds come from campfires that were probably left by Arab nomads. The first settlement was a small village. The utensils found there show the effect of the Late Assyrian and Old Persian style. Between 117 and 170, a great deal of building activity began. It is questionable what were the material sources of this programme. Namely, there was no agriculture in Hatra as in Dura-Europos, and no caravan trade as in Palmyra. The appearance of a new title "malka" can be explained by the fact that the victory of the Hatraeans over Traian and Septimius Severus saved Parthia from the Roman danger. The Parthian king IV Vologaises with giving this title made the lords (marya) of Hatra one rank with the Abgarids of Edessa. Hatra later developed a good relationship with Rome. This is proved by the Latin inscriptions found in a temple of Hatra. Rome's support was important for Hatra, as a new power appeared in the Orient, the Sassanid Empire.

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