Restructurarea învăţământului în imperiul habsburgic în a doua jumătate a secolului al XVIII-lea. Dezbateri şi reuşite
The Reshaping of Habsburgic Educational System in the Second Half of the 18th Century. Debates and Successes

Summary/Abstract: It is well-known that the imperial educational system was quite unsettled at the beginning of the 18th century. But the ideological changes from the second half of the century required a wide reshaping of cultural life. In this way, the educational system became a very important link of cultural evolution, almost a fundamental base of the new political-administrative reformation. In 1760, the imperial authorities decided to create Comisia Aulică de Studii (Studienhofkommission) in order to settle the education deficiency. In only a few years, the commission elaborated Norma Studiorum that refered to the superior education and, in 1777, it officialized the abolishment of Jesuit Order. In 1774, a group of specialists elaborated Allgemeine Schulordnung…, a document that promoted modern pedagogic methods. A few years later, in 1780, Ratio Educationis tried to mould the pedagogic activities from Hungary and Transylvania. The Transylvanian education has been reshaped by Norma Regia, 1781, an appendix of Ratio Educationis, that established the right of secular authorities to interfere in the educational system. According to all the programmes elaborated by so many specialized commissions, the imperial educational system has been really improved. Unfortunately, after Iosif the 2nd death, these programmes were no longer followed; but the system was already changed and organized on modern bases.

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