З ІСТОРІЇ МУЗЕЇВ ІМПЕРАТОРСЬКОГО НОВОРОСІЙСЬКОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ: СТАНОВЛЕННЯ, ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ТА ДОЛЯ
FROM THE HISTORY OF MUSEUMS OF THE IMPERIAL NOVOROSSIYA UNIVERSITY: FORMATION, ACTIVITY AND FATE

Summary/Abstract: An attempt was made to illuminate the history of the formation and functioning of the museum network of the Imperial Novorossiya University (1865–1920) on the basis of scientific literature, published documents and historical sources for the first time introduced into scientific circulation. The article solved the legislative and organizational foundations of the formation of the museum business at the university, describes the activities of the leaders and employees of the university museums in the acquisition, processing, storage, exhibiting and use of museum collections in the scientific and educational process. The activity, profile and departmental affiliation of museums, their funding and sources of funds formation are characterized. The funds of the museums were divided into expositional, educational and scientific, and in the distribution of emphasis between these complexes, more attention was paid to the scientific and educational significance of the acquired artifacts. All the heads of the museum were representatives of the teaching staff of the faculties of the university. They played a leading role in the educational, methodological, scientific and organizational activities of museums. Their scientific heritage is part of the genesis of many branches of science. In the activities of museums, there were recessions and ups, caused, first of all, by the instability of funding from the leadership of the university. The dependence on random circumstances and the frequent change of regular staff led to the unevenness of their development. Foremost, the situation was saved by donations received both from representatives of the teaching staff, patrons and benefactors, and from ordinary citizens, which testifies to the public’s concern for the fate of the museums of the leading university in the south of the Russian Empire. It has been established that, thanks to the successful organization and systematic work of their managers and employees, museums of INU have significantly expanded the range of their actions and influence on educational and scientific processes from year to year, thereby making a significant contribution to the development of national museology. The closure of the university in 1920 and the subsequent reorganization of museums caused irreparable damage to the process of cultural development. As a result of the reorganization of the entire network of cultural and educational institutions, museums underwent a radical transformation in 1923.

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