Prawa człowieka jako sprzeciw oświeconych wobec tyranii absolutnego państwa w świetle Deklaracji Praw Wirginii z 1776 roku i francuskiej Deklaracji Praw Człowieka i Obywatela z 1789 roku
Human Rights as the Enlightened Opposition to the Tyranny of the Absolute State in Light of the Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776 and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789

Summary/Abstract: This article offers an interdisciplinary study of the Enlightenment doctrine of the rights of man as a normative form of opposition to absolutist monarchy and broader authoritarian tendencies and practices of governance. To this end, the author undertakes a thorough analysis of two eighteenth-century documents: the 1776 Virginia Declaration of Rights and the 1789 French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. These acts became the cornerstones of formal and legal efforts to reevaluate the existing doctrinal assumptions in Europe and the Americas. Their fundamental nature has secured them a lasting and unique position in the history of law and the development of legal culture. Through comparing both texts, the author outlines the similarities and differences between them. A robust methodological toolkit was applied, most prominently comparative legal studies and exegesis of normative texts. This allows for formulating conclusions not only de lege lata, but also de lege ferenda.

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