ABORDĂRI TEORETICE ȘI PRACTICE PRIVIND MĂSURILE SPECIALE DE INVESTIGAȚIE AUTORIZATE DE CONDUCĂTORUL SUBDIVIZIUNII SPECIALIZATE ÎN CONTEXTUL LEGISLAȚIEI REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES REGARDING SPECIAL INVESTIGATIVE MEASURES AUTHORIZED BY THE HEAD OF THE SPECIALIZED SUBDIVISION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Summary/Abstract: Abstract (en) The paper examines the evolution and application of special investigative measures authorized by the head of the specialized unit in the Republic of Moldova, with a focus on the examination of objects and documents, visual surveillance, and information gathering. These measures, regulated by Law no. 59/2012, are primarily applied outside criminal proceedings, serving informational and preventive purposes. Statistical analysis for the period 2016–2024 highlights the limited use of object and document examination compared to the high frequency of visual surveillance and information collection, confirming the orientation of investigative practice toward methods with increased operational efficiency. From a theoretical perspective, the empirical and interdisciplinary nature of these activities is emphasized, involving cooperation among specialists and the use of modern technologies. At the same time, challenges related to the delimitation of authorization competencies and the protection of privacy are highlighted, particularly in the context of visual surveillance and personal data processing. The study concludes on the need to harmonize the domestic legal framework with European standards regarding the protection of fundamental rights, while maintaining the operational efficiency of law enforcement activities.

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