ARŞİV BELGELERİ IŞIĞINDA ATATÜRK DÖNEMİ CUMHURBAŞKANI ÖZEL AF KARARLARI (CİNAYET VE ÖLÜME NEDEN OLAN SUÇLARDAN AFFEDİLENLER)
PRESIDENTIAL PARDONS DURING THE ATATÜRK ERA IN THE LIGHT OF ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS (THOSE PARDONED FOR MURDER AND CRIMES RESULTING IN DEATH)

Summary/Abstract: Pardon is the termination of the punishment of all or some of the offenders convicted of a specific crime, or the waiver of part of their punishment. Since the days when the state was the sole arbiter of legal norms, it has resorted to pardons for various reasons. This practice, which continued in the Turkish states before the Republic as well as during the Republican period, has been implemented in two categories: general amnesty and special amnesty. While the declaration of general amnesty is solely within the authority of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (GNAT), the President is also authorized to declare special amnesty, in accordance with Article 42 of the 1924 Constitution. A review of the literature revealed no study that examined the special pardon decisions of the Atatürk period independently and in detail, bringing statistical data on those pardoned to light. During the Atatürk period, the number of people pardoned by the President's special pardon decision was 325, of whom 141 were prisoners convicted of murder and crimes resulting in death. The main objective of this study is to present statistical data on the 141 individuals pardoned for crimes of murder and causing death during the Atatürk era, based on their population, age, sentences, and terms of imprisonment. The pardon decisions obtained from the Republic Archives of the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey State Archives form the main source of the study, while other copyrighted and research works have also been utilized.

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