ORTA ÇAĞ’DA TIP EĞİTİMİNİN KURUMSALLAŞMASI: SALERNO TIP OKULU İLE GEVHER NESİBE HATUN ŞİFAİYESİ’NİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE MIDDLE AGES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SALERNO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND THE GEVHER NESIBE HATUN DĀR AL-SHIFĀ

Summary/Abstract: The Salerno Medical School, regarded as the pioneer of modern medical education in Europe and the Gevher Nesibe Hatun Dār al-Shifā (Hospital and Medical School), built during the Seljuk period in Anatolia, were among the pioneering institutions that contributed to the development of medical science and the institutionalization of health services in their respective societies. These two institutions, which emerged in different geographical regions and were influenced by different cultural spheres, not only addressed the medical needs of their respective eras but also made unique contributions to the shaping of medicine as an academic discipline. This study employs a comparative historical analysis to examine the origins, medical practices, and institutional structures of the Gevher Nesibe Hatun Dār Al-Shifā and the Salerno Medical School. The article discusses their contributions to the professional and academic identity of medicine within Eastern and Western contexts, while also addressing issues such as the production of medical works, teaching methods, educational settings, and, in particular, the presence of women physicians. Thus, the mediating role of the Salerno Medical School in the circulation of knowledge across medieval Europe and the distinctive position of the Gevher Nesibe Hatun Dār al-Shifā within the Seljuk medical tradition are jointly brought into view; the continuities and differences in both institutions’ practical health services and their education–research dimensions are systematically analyzed in their historical context. While delineating the points of convergence and divergence between the two traditions, the study offers an explanatory framework for evaluating how this institutional legacy informs contemporary medical education.

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