Homo Politicus and Res Publica Today: Linguistic Reappraisal with Student Survey Evidence
Homo Politicus and Res Publica Today: Linguistic Reappraisal with Student Survey Evidence

Summary/Abstract: RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The article aims to analyze the linguistic and philosophical evolution of the concepts Homo Politicus and Res Publica within political discourse, focusing on their historical development and contemporary interpretations. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The primary research problem addresses how the classical concepts of Homo Politicus and Res Publica have been adapted to modern political realities. We combine conceptual–linguistic analysis with a small-scale quantitative survey of 30 third-year students in International Relations and Political Science at a private university in Warsaw. The survey consisted of four closed-ended questions, and descriptive statistics were used. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article traces the historical development of these concepts, beginning with classical philosophy, where Homo Politicus refers to individuals as political beings driven by the desire for power and influence. At the same time, Res Publica pertains to the collective management of public affairs and governance. The study then explores how these terms are understood in contemporary political systems. RESEARCH RESULTS: The survey results indicate the enduring relevance of Homo Politicus as a model of political subjectivity shaped by power, ethics, and public engagement. Meanwhile, Res Publica remains a crucial component in discussions of democracy and collective governance. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The article highlights the persistent significance of the classical concepts Homo Politicus and Res Publica in understanding the modern legitimacy of power and governance. It recommends further reflection on how these ideas can be adapted in the analysis of contemporary political systems. The article bridges conceptual history and contemporary perceptions by triangulating linguistic analysis with fresh empirical evidence from students across multiple world regions.

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