Semantik Açıdan Türk Tasavvuf Kültüründe Ata, Baba, Dede ve Sultan Kavramları
Concepts of Ata (Ancestor), Baba (Father), Dede (Grandfather) and Sultan in Turkish Sufi Culture in Semantic Terms

Summary/Abstract: In the diversity of the vocabulary of languages, the language of various social groups that constitute the society is also effective, in addition to the standard language. Individuals who form a social layer in line with a common value, occupation or purpose use concepts that contain meanings specific to the group. As a linguistic phenomenon, concepts have certain characteristics that show the relationship between tradition and language at a basic level. Every traditional structure, which has its own conceptual world, continues its existence by being transmitted from generation to generation in the historical process with the meanings attributed to these concepts. Concepts, which have a unique field of meaning in the linguistic framework they are in, play an active role in the language, representation and maintenance of the tradition to which they belong. In addition, factors such as national identity and belief that shape the social structure can pull concepts to different semantic planes and sometimes narrow or expand the field of meaning of concepts. This situation is a natural result of language being both a social entity and a means of communication. There is a relationship between the words that form the conceptual field based on connotation or semantic proximity. The emotional values that titles such as ata, baba, dede, sultan in Turkish culture have gained over time have transformed these titles into mystical concepts. Among the markers found in the semantic fields of these words (kinship, family elder, ruler, protector) new allosemes (sufi identity, religious leader, political will, opinion leader) have been included with new designs. In addition, they have come to represent the conceptual world of the Sufi tradition by meeting on a common ground with titles such as sheikh, pîr, abdal. The conceptual substructure of these titles given to the spiritual dynamics of society extends to mystical identities specific to the period such as kam, baksı, shaman, which are the figures of the pre-Islamic belief system. At the same time, these concepts, which indicate spiritual rank, take place in a new onomastic framework together with the personal names they are used with. In many places in Anatolia, it is possible to come across people who were known with these titles and who influenced and developed the places they were located in terms of religion, economy and administration. The respect that these people established eventually led to the places they were located being called by their names. The onomastic transition between a person's name and a place name is important in terms of showing the connection of concepts with elements such as culture, tradition and belief.

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