Assessing the Indian Ocean Rim Association: A Neo-Liberal Institutionalist Perspective
Assessing the Indian Ocean Rim Association: A Neo-Liberal Institutionalist Perspective

Summary/Abstract: This paper critically examines the functioning of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) through the lens of neo-liberal institutionalism in international relations. It explores the extent to which IORA has shaped state behaviour and fostered cooperation in the geopolitically significant Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Using a deductive approach and qualitative research methods, including interviews with regional experts and analysis of institutional documents, the study evaluates IORA’s effectiveness in promoting regional integration, security collaboration, and economic development among its members. While IORA has successfully provided a platform for dialogue, capacity building, and thematic cooperation in areas such as economic cooperation, maritime domain awareness, blue economy, and disaster management, its broader influence remains limited. Key challenges include weak institutional leadership, minimal budgetary support, unresolved bilateral tensions, and overlapping mandates with other regional organizations. The paper argues that although IORA reflects the normative aspirations of neo-liberal institutionalism, its operational limitations hinder its potential to shape a meaningful regional order. The findings highlight the need for structural reforms, increased funding, and stronger political commitment from key member states to enhance IORA’s role in the evolving strategic landscape of the Indian Ocean.

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