Când ideologia destramă sensul comun: cât de fragilă este democrația în Europa de Est? Ideologie, sens comun și variațiile fragilității ordinii democratice în România, Ungaria și Polonia
When Ideology Disrupts Common Sense: How Fragile Is Democracy in Eastern Europe? Ideology, Common Sense, and Variations in the Fragility of Democratic Order in Romania, Hungary, and Poland

Summary/Abstract: This essay proposes a reinterpretation of democratic fragility beyond the institutional register by shifting the analysis towards the epistemic dimension of political life. The central argument is that democracy cannot function in the absence of a minimal shared common sense that makes not only political competition possible but also intelligible. Within this framework, ideology is understood not merely as a system of values but as a mechanism for structuring social reality, capable of both producing and fragmenting interpretive frameworks of the political world. On this basis, the essay introduces the concept of the “fragility of democratic order”,defined as the desynchronization between cultural common sense, the structure of public communication, levels of social trust, and ideological dynamics. This desynchronization generates forms of epistemic fragmentation in which political conflict no longer concerns only policies or values, but the very conditions under which reality is constituted.The analysis is situated within the traditions of phenomenological sociology,deliberative theory, intercultural psychology, and is complemented by reflections on social capital and late modernity.The empirical component consists of a comparative analysis of Romania, Poland, andHungary, interpreted as variations of structural tensions within contemporary democracies

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