Правни аспекти на защитата на личните данни при използването на изкустве интелект в Република България
Legal aspects of personsl data protection in the use of artificial intelligence in Bulgaria

Summary/Abstract: This article explores the dynamic interaction between the accelerated development of artificial intelligence and the legal framework for personal data protection in Bulgaria. In the context of European integration, the country faces the dual challenge of implementing the strict requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation and, at the same time, adapting its national legislation to the new European Union Artificial Intelligence Act.The main focus of the study is on the conflict between the technological phenomenon of the "black box" (algorithmic opacity) and the fundamental right of citizens to an explanation in automated decision-making. The risks of algorithmic discrimination and the need for enhanced supervisory capacity of the Personal Data Protection Commission are analyzed. The article highlights that while Bulgaria has a solid legal basis in the form of the Personal Data Protection Act, there is an institutional void regarding the specific regulation of high-risk artificial intelligence systems in critical sectors such as healthcare, public administration, and security.Through comparative and normative analysis, strategic recommendations for the Bulgarian legislator have been derived. These include the creation of “regulatory sandboxes” for testing innovations, specialized training, and the development of national ethical guidelines for algorithm transparency and accountability. In conclusion, it is stated that the realization of legal certainty in the digital environment depends on the balance between the protection of human rights and the promotion of the country's technological sovereignty within the framework of the European Union's Digital Single Market.

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