Libertatea divină și libertatea umană între filosofie și teologie – în gândirea antică și cea patristic
Divine Freedom and Human Freedom between Philosophy and Theology

Summary/Abstract: Freedom, in its twofold dimension divine and human constitutes one of the most radical points of intersection between philosophy and theology. The present study aims to offer a dense and contextualized analysis of the relationship between divine freedom and human freedom, in light of the Greek philosophical traditions (Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus), the allegorical exegesis of Philo of Alexandria, and the anthropological reflections of the Byzantine Fathers (Gregory of Nyssa, Maximus the Confessor) as well as those of the Syriac tradition (Isaac the Syrian, Joseph Ḥazzāyā, John of Dalyatha). At the center of this investigation lies a fundamental question: How can human freedom be understood in relation to the absolute freedom of God? The article examines the concepts of divine self-limitation, the imago Dei, epektasis, apophatic experience, the duality of the intelligible and sensible human being in Philo’s interpretation, and their implications for an integral anthropology. The study analyzes the tensions between relative and absolute freedom, between autonomy and participation, between reason and revelation, in an effort to reveal the profound convergences between philosophical reflection and patristic theology.

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