Countering Illicit Cash Transportation by Ships – Challenges and Actions
Countering Illicit Cash Transportation by Ships – Challenges and Actions

Summary/Abstract: This study examines the challenges associated with countering illicit cash transportation by ships and identifies structural vulnerabilities within related frameworks. It highlights how the scale of global maritime trade, fragmented regulatory systems, and concealment within legitimate cargo create persistent gaps. The analysis also addresses weaknesses in inspection technologies, limited use of data analytics, internal threats, and governance deficiencies. Additional factors such as geopolitical instability, sanctions evasion, and insufficient deterrent penalties further complicate the effectiveness of control. Rather than focusing on individual cases, the study emphasizes systemic risks inherent in maritime financial crime. It concludes that an integrated approach combining international cooperation, technological modernisation, risk-based targeting, and strengthened institutional capacity is essential to mitigate this phenomenon

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