Współczesna przestępczość odpadowa w ujęciu kryminologicznym
Contemporary waste crime in a criminological perspective

Summary/Abstract: Waste crime has become one of the most serious contemporary threats to environmental and public security. It combines elements of economic, environmental, and organized crime, generating significant financial, social, and ecological losses. In recent years, Poland has faced an increase in illegal waste transport, storage, and landfill fires releasing toxic substances into the environment. The purpose of this article is to present waste crime from a criminological perspective by analysing its origins, economic mechanisms, legal and institutional frameworks, and environmental, social, and economic impacts. The authors highlight systemic deficiencies in environmental supervision and criminal enforcement that contribute to the persistence of illegal waste management. Combating waste crime requires an interdisciplinary approach integrating criminal, administrative, and environmental law. Strengthening institutional control, developing specialized investigative units, and implementing early-warning systems are essential. In the long term, enhancing environmental awareness and redefining social and legal responsibility for the environment as a common good remain key priorities.

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