BADANIA READABILITY – HISTORIA I WSPÓŁCZESNOŚĆ
READABILITY RESEARCH: PAST AND PRESENT

Summary/Abstract: This article offers a synthetic overview of research on readability, understood as a stylistic property that may influence reading ease. It aims to discuss the origins of this research tradition and to identify current directions of development, with particular emphasis on the growing importance of NLP tools. The first part examines definitional issues and inconsistencies in terminology used in Poland. It then reviews the major tendencies that have shaped readability studies over the last decades: the educational origins of readability formulas, the transition from manual to automated calculations, methodological shifts, the increasing number of parameters, Anglocentrism, and the lack of conclusive evidence that improving a text's readability actually enhances comprehension. Consequently, in the ISO 2023 plain-language standard, experienced text-simplification practitioners recommend replacing readability formulas with user testing. The article concludes with reflections on a potential new research paradigm that would combine generative artificial intelligence training with the CEFR-based concept of linguistic proficiency levels.

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