Comparison of the Natıve Language Curricula ın the Bulgarian and Turkish Secondary School
Comparison of the Natıve Language Curricula ın the Bulgarian and Turkish Secondary School

Summary/Abstract: Curricula, which constitute an important part of contemporary education and training, lead individuals to gain knowledge, skills, and attitudes and to carry out the learning process in a planned manner. In this context, curricula have a structure that is shaped and constantly updated according to the requirements of the age. Reviewing the education systems and curricula of different countries is effective in the institutional development of education systems, in modern education, in the legal regulations of education, in curricula, and in arranging them according to modern standards. Benefiting from the programs of different countries is also important in this context, as they are available as an open source. This situation increases the quality of education by enabling teachers and students to follow the methods and techniques in different programs. This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation by comparing the convergent and divergent structural features, pedagogical approaches, distribution of learning outcomes, linguistic competencies, and grammar related achievements within the Middle School Mother Tongue Education Programs of Bulgaria and Turkey. The research employs document analysis as a qualitative research methodology to examine the contemporary middle school curricula of both nations. The findings indicate that the Turkish curriculum exhibits a more granular structure regarding implementation guides, workshop activities, instructional differentiation, and assessment frameworks. Conversely, the Bulgarian Language and Literature curriculum presents grammar related learning outcomes with greater clarity and explicitness. While the Turkish curriculum conceptualizes grammar as language structures and excludes it from formal assessment, it maintains a more balanced distribution of core language skills. In the Bulgarian Language and Literature curriculum, productive skills namely writing and speaking are prioritized, with a notable integration of literary texts emphasizing national values and national identity within the seventh grade program.

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