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ДОМ У ТВОРЧОСЦИ МИХАЙЛА КОВАЧА

Author(s): Ana Rimar Simunovic / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2019

Mihajlo Kovac has taken over matrix of authorized Ukrainian myth from Taras Shevchenko. That is the base on which he had build his own literary work and had created his own myth of homeland of Ruthenians. Hrihorij Hrabovich defined Shevchenko's Ukrainian myth and showed that in Shevchenko's poetry Ukraine didn't exist in historical continuity, but in mythological. That is the very similar way in which homeland is defined in Kovach's literary works. Homeland in Kovach's myth presents complex term. In the narrowest sens of the term, homeland presents birth house or home, that is the only one place in the world where Kovach's characters feel safe. Then, this term presents village in which this house is placed and where Ruthenians live organized. In the end, the term of homeland presentes historical homeland of Ruthenians − Ukraine. The aim of this paper is to present home as a microcosmos and as a cosmogonic symbol in Kovach's myth. Mirca Eliade definies difference between sacred space and profane space, and shows that sacred space has existential value for religious man. This paper shows that in the case of Kovach's myth of homeland, home is sacred place for characters who believe in this myth and who truly live it

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ЧИТАЛЬНЯ НОВОСАДСКИХ РУСИНОХ (1931–1944)

Author(s): Sasa Sabados / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2019

This paper concerns the foundation, activities and status of The Novi Sad Ruthenian Reading Room, an organisation that had existed since 1931. and which during World War II had tried to continue with its cultural and enlightenment work

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Refusing (Mis)Recognition: Navigating Multiple Marginalization in the U.S. Two Spirit Movement

Author(s): Jenny L. Davis / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

I focus on the discursive strategies within Two Spirit events and groups that center the definition of ‘Two Spirit’ first and foremost as an Indigenous identity by using both unifying/mass terms (Native American, glbtiq)and culturally & community specific terms (specific tribe names, Two Spirit). Rather than selecting a ‘right’ term, such conversations highlight the constant, simultaneous positionings negotiated by Two Spirit people in their daily lives, and the tensions between recognizability and accuracy, communality and specificity, indigeneity and settler culture, and the burden multiply marginalized people carry in negotiating between all of these metaphorical and literal spaces. Drawing on Audra Simpson’s (2007, 2014)concept of the politics of refusal, I demonstrate how Two Spirit individuals utilize available categories of identity, not as either/or binaries but rather as overlapping concepts—differentiated along micro- and macro-scales—to refuse attempts to both reduce the Two Spirit identity to one that is based either in gender or sexuality, and the appropriation of the identity and movement by non-Indigenous individuals and groups within broader national and global queer movements.

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Digital “Putting-out System”—an Old New Method of Work in Platform Economy

Author(s): Bartosz Mika / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The platform economy—a phenomenon attracting public and academic attention alike—is perceived asa tremendous novelty. The Internet and other IT technologies that bring such platforms alive are said to determinetheir innovative and modern label. This paper argues otherwise. The role of information infrastructure cannotbe properly analysed without discovering the content of labour relations behind it. From the perspective of thispaper, the latter is similar to the historical putting-out system. The system that arose in the 18th century andwhose participants came from the ranks of formally free, home base labour was strikingly congruous with themodern work-on-demand system. The paper analyzes the features of the contemporary gig economy and pointsout similarities and differences between the historical putting-out system and its digital incarnation. In conclusion,the paper makes some predictions regarding work on platforms

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On the Multiple Varieties, Consequences and Paradoxes of the Commodification of Nature

Author(s): Marek Ziółkowski,Mariusz Baranowski,Rafał Drozdowski / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The article aims to characterise the variety of processes and mechanisms of nature commodification froma sociological perspective. Its general theoretical framework is based on Karl Polanyi’s The Great Transformationand the economic-sociological theory of ownership, on the basis of which the social, economic and politicaldeterminants, actual modalities, and especially the intended and unintended social and ecological consequencesand paradoxes of the processes of nature commodification and decommodification are analysed. This analysis(running across unilateral typologies and approaches), tries to go beyond the narrow and one-sided characteristicsof complex practices of human impact on nature, taking into account both their positive and negative consequenceswhere the robbery policy of conquering nature is mixed with attempts of protecting it.The general theoretical argument is illustrated by concrete examples and in particular by Poland’s experiences,both from the period of real socialism and the post-socialist transformation.

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Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Indigenous Foodways in the Andes of Peru

Author(s): Mariaelena Huambachano / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This article explores the Quechua peoples’ food systems as seen through traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) lens and reflects on the vital role of Indigenous peoples’ knowledge for global food security. Data was collected from two Quechua communities, Choquecancha and Rosaspata, in the highlands of Peru, from March 2016 to August 2018. This data was collected via participatory action research, talking circles with female farmers, oral history interviews with elders, and Indigenous gatherings at chakras with community leaders and local agroecologists. Analysis of this data suggests that Quechua people’s in-depth and locally rooted knowledge concerning food security provides an Indigenous-based theoretical model of food sovereignty for the revitalization of Indigenous foodways and collective rights to food rooted in often under-recognised aspects of their Indigeneity and TEK.

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Biocommunism and its Role as it Overcomes Biopolitics

Author(s): Szymon Wróbel / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Biopolitics is often understood as a form of power that is exercised over a population, not over people.Within this paradigm, a population is understood objectively as wealth, manpower, labour capacity, but also demographicallyas the object of statistical analysis. If biocommunism is to gain any political significance, if it is tobecome not only the result of the birth of biopower but also an active and actual agent of new political devices,then it must face the problem of “population empowerment.” In this process of empowerment, “power over life”is to be transformed into “the power of life itself.” In this article, the author tries to develop the idea of biocommunismaccording to which life is nothing but the fold of being onto itself. Up to now, we have thought of politicsas what subsists, thanks to the division and articulation of life, as a separation of life from itself that qualifies iton different occasions as human, animal, or vegetal. For biocommunism, life is a form generated by a multitudeof living forms.

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Sociological Aspects of the Statistical Research Process: Toward a Sociology of Public Statistics

Author(s): Włodzimierz Okrasa / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The statistical process is a multifaceted, socially immersed research process. Statistics as a researchactivity is—and statistics as a product are—influenced by a variety of factors, covariates, and participants/stakeholdersin data generation, analysis, dissemination and use. The aim of this paper is to identify and systematizekey elements of the socio-cognitive status of statistics and of relations between statistics and society. To this end,a conceptual meta-model of the statistical process, involving an interwoven “logic of method” and “logic of action,”provides a framework for the exploration of statistics from the perspective of sociology. Given that social,cultural, and political conditions affect the quality of statistical products and the status of statistical institutions,sociological study seems especially well suited to dealing with the complexity of the issues involved. To be successful,however, advances in the sociology of statistics are also desirable.

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Food Sovereignty Practices at the Oneida Nation of Wisconsin Tsyunhehkw^ farm: The Three Sisters, Ceremony and Community

Author(s): Zuzanna Kruk-Buchowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The paper looks at the role of traditional foodways and related cultural practices in Oneida’s contemporary food sovereignty efforts, and the various understandings of the continuity of food and agricultural traditions in the community. The Oneida Nation of Wisconsin are located west of the city of Green Bay, in the northeastern part of the state, which in turn is in the north of the Midwest region of the U.S. The tribe’s Tsyunhehkw^’s (joon-hen-kwa) farm, whose name loosely translates into “life sustenance” in English, serves important cultural, economic and educational purposes. It grows Oneida white flint corn, which is considered sacred by the tribe and is used for ceremonial purposes, and tobacco for use in ceremonies and runs a traditional Three Sisters Garden. The Three Sisters—corn, beans and squash, are an important part of the Oneida creation story, as is the vision of Handsome Lake— a Seneca prophet from the turn of the nineteenth century, who played a significant role in the revival of traditional religion among the People of the Longhouse. They inform the work done at Tsyunhehkw^ to provide healthful food for the Oneida community.

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America’s Encounters With Southeast Asia, 1800–1900: Before the Pivot

Author(s): Michael R. Feener / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Review of: R. Michael Feener - Noor, Farish A. America’s Encounters with Southeast Asia, 1800–1900. Before the Pivot, Amsterdam University Press, 2018.

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Where Have All the Non-Corrupt Civil Servants Gone? Corruption and Trust in Public Administration in European Countries

Author(s): Milan Školník / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

This article deals with corruption and trust in the public administration of nine countries of the formerWestern bloc and neutral states, which underwent different institutional development compared to post-communistcountries, which were susceptible to corruption due to a strongly centralized public administration with complexdecision-making processes and the considerable power of officials. Despite the different institutional developmentof the public administration in Western countries, these countries are not always perceived by the public as trustworthyand not corrupt. This article reveals that in countries like Switzerland, Norway, and Finland, civil servantsare perceived by the public as rather trustworthy and not corrupt, whereas in countries like Spain and France, theopposite is true. Using statistical methods, this article also demonstrates that the perception of the involvementof civil servants in corruption and their unequal treatment of citizens diminishes their trust in the eyes of thepublic. The experience of respondents with bribery on the part of civil servants reduces confidence in the publicadministration in only two states. In the other seven, this variable was statistically insignificant.

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Ten Restaurants That Changed America

Author(s): Sasha L. Gora / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Review of: L. Sasha Gora - Freedman, Paul. Ten Restaurants That Changed America. Liveright, 2016.

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Women in the Rural Social Structure: Aspects of Social Inequalities

Author(s): Sylwia Michalska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

The place of women in the rural social structure in Poland is changing as a result of transformationsin the economic, educational, and behavioral spheres of social life. This article takes into account the growingdifferences in various types of rural communities in Poland. Three localities, each representing a different type ofsocial structure, were studied: the intelligentsia and workers in the Koszalin area; workers in the Myszków area;and farmers in the Lubartów area. Quota samples of 120 households in each area were studied: 360 in all, with797 individual interviews. The authors compared the social status of men and women, taking into account theirlevel of education, occupational activity, social position, and income and its influence on how women evaluatethemselves.

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America Observed: On an International Anthropology of the United States

Author(s): Sonja Dobraski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Review of: Sonja Dobroski - Dominguez, Virginia and Jasmin Habib, eds. America Observed. On an International Anthropology of the United States. Afterword by Jane C. Desmond. Berghahn Books, 2017.

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Knights Across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland

Author(s): György Tóth / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Review of: György Tóth - Parfitt, Steven. Knights Across the Atlantic: The Knights of Labor in Britain and Ireland. Studies in Labour History, 7. Liverpool University Press, 2016

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Running for Health? Polish Long-Distance Leisure Runners and the Problem of Health Literacy

Author(s): Jakub Ryszard Stempień,Małgorzata Stańczyk,Jarosław Tokarski,Marcin Tkaczyk / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

This article discusses a survey to investigate the problem of the health literacy of leisure runners. Thesurvey was conducted in 2016 in Poland among 963 participants of the DOZ Marathon Lodz with PZU [PolishInsurance Company] . A specially developed scale for measuring the participants’ level of health literacy (−3,23 points) was used, and the survey answers were evaluated by medical doctors. As the average score was 3.16,the surveyed population was shown to lack information about the medical and health consequences of running.The people who were relatively better informed were women and younger runners (and additionally single runnersand those not active on the labor market). An unexpected finding was that social-class affiliation, educational level,and advancement in running ability had a low degree of influence on the health knowledge of the surveyed runners.The conclusion is that a health-related motivation to train in the sport of running (which was declared to be a keyfactor in many studies) is grounded in common knowledge, while the majority of leisure runners are unacquaintedwith the actual risks and benefits of running.

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Narrare per esistere: la (in)visibilità della maternità nella letteratura italiana contemporanea

Author(s): María Reyes Ferrer / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2020

From the second half of the 20th century, the issue of women’s writing has been of considerable interest in literary studies, highlighting the need to know women as writers and as literary subjects, in order to understand female experience first-hand. This approach to written texts is based on two fundamental aspects of study: women as writers and the representation of women in the text. This has made it possible to examine how women are represented and what topics women writers prefer, for example, motherhood, a literary topos par excellence in Italian literature. Despite this, although motherhood is present in numerous works, the voices of actual mothers are largely absent: mothers and motherhood are in fact narrated from the point of view of daughters. In view of that, there are two main aims of this study: (1) to examine the possible reasons for the absence of the mother’s point of view and (2) to analyze some contemporary Italian literature narrated by mothers themselves.

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La post-fantasy: il ciclo letterario Inquisitore Eymerich di Valerio Evangelisti come una realizzazione dell’elemento fantastico tramite la narrazione postmoderna

Author(s): Patrycja Przełucka / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2020

This article examines the literary series of Inquisitore Eymerich by Valerio Evangelisti, a variegated macronarrative, which, resisting generic classification, introduces innovation to the panorama of contemporary Italian fantasy. Departing from the analysis of the salient features of the series such as intertextuality, hybridization, storiographic metafiction, and transfictionality, the article examines closely the areas of postmodern narration and inquires into the role of the fantastic element in Italian literature. Evangelisti makes the most of postmodern narrative strategies and of fantasy’s ability to penetrate various media in order to provide a tool of critical reflection on human history with an emphasis on the phenomenology of power. By interweaving different literary genres and inviting readers to produce their own interpretations in form of fan fiction, Evangelisti creates a new type of committed narrative, post-fantasy, which presents a new conception of postmodern narrative, one that overcomes the barrier between the literary fiction and the genre fiction.

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Lo smarrimento come inizio in alcuni testi di Giuseppe Culicchia

Author(s): Małgorzata Puto / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2020

The aim of the present article is to analyze the relationship between the city and the protagonists of Giuseppe Culicchia’s texts. The methodological perspective is that of cultural anthropology, in particular the concept of mente locale, discussed by Franco La Cecla. Mente locale, as a relationship between space and human mind, is vital in the act of getting lost in space (perdersi), which leads to getting to know it (orientarsi) and finally initiating the profound relationship based on emotivity. Culicchia’s texts are set in Turin, and the study points out the different ways of perception of the city. The analyzed texts represents the gradual acquisition of knowledge about the city that corresponds to the theoretical thesis that is how the anthropology of space and place illustrates the conceptual and material dimensions of space which is central to the production of social life, bringing classics of cultural anthropology together with new theoretical approaches.

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“Il Grande Spettacolo”: Oriana Fallaci e la narrazione alla New Journalism sul programma spaziale americano

Author(s): Ewa Tichoniuk-Wawrowicz / Language(s): Italian Issue: 1/2020

Oriana Fallaci had the opportunity to closely observe the efforts the US made during the Space Race which was sealed in 1957 by the launch of the first Russian Sputnik. The journalist knew dozens of NASA workers (including astronauts, engineers and doctors) and others (external scientists, advertisers, writers). Based on the interviews and articles printed in L’Europeo, Fallaci published two books Se il Sole muore (1965) and Quel giorno sulla Luna (1970). Recently, the publishing house Rizzoli collected some of Fallaci’s texts that appeared in this weekly newspaper (L’Europeo) between 1964 and 1980 in the volume La Luna di Oriana (2018). It would be worth analyzing the cornerstones of Fallaci’s narrative approach, resembling in many ways the American New Journalism – with its tension between information and emotion, interpretation and persuasion – in her work before the famous war reports.

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