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Analysis of the Causality Relationship between Brent Crude Oil Prices and Energy Import in Turkey Under Structural Breaks

Author(s): Esra N. Kilci / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

Turkey, struggling with the problem of high current account deficit, is an energy dependent country due to lack of oil reserves. Therefore, the changes in energy prices do have impacts on balance of payments through import channel. Considering that energy imports constitutes the biggest share of current account deficit, it is expected that the rise in oil prices will increase the imports upwards. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causality relationship from Brent crude oil prices to energy import by using the monthly data in the period of 2006:08-2018:12. The unit root properties of the series are tested by using Fourier KPSS (2006) unit root test and the causality relationship between the series is investigated by employing Fourier Granger (2016) causality test. Both these tests take into account the impact of multiple structural breaks. The results indicate that there is a causality relationship from Brent crude oil prices to energy import in Turkey in the relevant period.

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Türkiye’de Yeni Politika Bileşiminin Finansal İstikrar ve Fiyat İstikrarı Üzerindeki Etkilerine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme

Author(s): Ali Ilhan,Metin Ozdemir / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

After the global financial crisis, it has been seen that many emerging markets like Turkey have developed policy frameworks that allow for price stability and financial stability taken together. The CBRT has implemented new policy mix since November 2010, in response to need to respond flexibly to the problems faced by orthodox inflation targeting and the changes in global capital flows. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the policies implemented under new policy mix. Analyzing the monetary policy and macroprudential policy practices within the framework of new policy mix, it has seen that policies have shown a successful performance in achieving the intermediate targets that determined in line with financial stability. On the other hand, it should be noted that policymakers -to keep single digit interest rates permanent and sustain economic growth- ignored the internal risks of the new policy mix and delayed the steps that required for normalization of monetary policy. However, the use of macroprudential policy for the purpose of economic growth has created policy dilemmas due to an unstable course of economic growth that caused by to the rise in inflation rate and changing the global policy environment. Although the new policy mix has seen to be successful in achieving financial stability, it has to be stated that due to the delay in normalization and the lack of price stability make it a victim of its own success.

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Türkiye Hisse Senedi Piyasa Volatilitesinin Makroekonomik Temelleri

Author(s): Huseyin Tastan,Arifenur Gungor / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the slowly moving long-run component of daily volatility of Turkish stock market and a set of monthly macroeconomic variables. In the first stage, we estimate the long-term volatility of BIST100 index using GARCH-MIDAS (Mixed Data Sampling) method. Subsequently, we examine the relationship between the long-term volatility component and interest rate, USD/TL exchange rate, inflation rate, CDS premium, real sector confidence index and the volatility of S&P500 index using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Empirical results suggest that the most significant macroeconomic variable affecting the long-run volatility of BIST100 index is the exchange rate. Also, we show that the long-run volatility of BIST100 index is positively associated with both CDS premium and the volatility of S&P500. Finally, we find that an increase in real sector confidence index leads to a decrease in the long-run component of the BIST100 index volatility.

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Geleceğe Yönelik Değerlendirmelere İlişkin Özel Durum Açıklamalarının Pay Senedi Fiyatları Üzerindeki Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul Örneği

Author(s): Saim Kılıç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

The study examines the impact of disclosures of forward looking statements by companies listed on Borsa İstanbul on stock prices during the period of January 2014 – January 2019. For this purpose, a total of 43 disclosures, 23 of which were positive and 20 of which were negative, were included in the study and analyzed by the Event Study method. According to the results of the study, firstly, it has been found that forward looking disclosures have statistically significant impact on stock returns and investor’s investment decisions. Secondly, when the impact of the positive disclosures and the impact of the negative disclosures were compared; it has been seen that the first impact of the negative disclosures is stronger than the first impact of the positive disclosures, whereas the effect of the negative disclosures lasts shorter than the effect of the positive disclosures. Especially it has been observed that a great majority of the positive disclosures have been effective on the stock prices up to next five transaction days and a great majority of the negative disclosures on the next three transaction days.

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The Stock Price Behavior of Participation Index Firms: The Event Study on Borsa Istanbul

Author(s): Yasemin Deniz Koc,Sibel Çelik,Hakan Çelikkol / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The index type created from the stocks of companies operating in accordance with Islamic principles is called “participation index”. In this study, whether the inclusion of companies operating in Borsa Istanbul National Market and in accordance with Participation Banking principles in the BIST Participation 30 Index had an effect on the price of stocks, was analyzed with the event study method. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that the cumulative abnormal returns had been on decline before the companies were included in the participation index, and the decline continued on the day of the event and the following days. The findings obtained are meaningful and typical for all relevant economic units, especially for investors and market makers.

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The Relationship between Personality Type and Perceived Stress Level: Evidence from Independent Public Accountants

Author(s): Ali İhsan Akgün,Nurhan Ture / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The role of stress in accounting profession has been examined in behavioral accounting literature in many studies conducted over the last three decades. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between personality and perceived stress level on the independent public accountants in Turkey by using Eysenck personality type used to identify the personality characteristics of the independent public accountants and the stress level scale to determine the sources of stress and to specify behavior types in stressful events. Our research findings establish that there is a significant difference between personality type and perceived stress level. In addition, there is a negative relationship between extraverted personality attribute and perceived stress level and a positive relationship between intraverted personality attribute and perceived stress level.

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İş Stresinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde Örgütsel Bağlılığın Aracılık Rolü

Author(s): Nilufer Serinikli / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

Today, people spend most of their time in the workplace and therefore are exposed to stress. Job stress negatively affects organizational commitment of employee, but causes lead to employee’s having intention to leave. The aim of this study is to study the mediating role of organizational commitment on the effects of job stress and turnover intention. For this purpose, a survey of 145 hotel employees in the city center and districts of Edirne was conducted. The study shows that the level of job stress and turnover intention of employee participating the survey is low. On the other hand, it is concluded that the level of organizational commitment of employees is high. Regression was used for the data analysis. The results of the regression analysis showed that the job stress affected the turnover intention in a positive way, while the organizational commitment affected it in a negative way. The results also indicated that organizational commitment seemed to have a partial mediating role on the relationship between job stress and turnover intention.

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İşkolikliğin Çalışan Tutum ve Davranışları Üzerine Etkisinde İş-Yaşam Dengesinin Rolü

Author(s): Esengul İplik / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

Workaholism has emerged as a concept that has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years due to the fact that there are different opinions in the literature regarding both its definition and its effect on employee attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, further studies revealing the relationships of workaholic with different variables are important in terms of clarifying the impact on employee attitudes and behaviors and accordingly, the approaches of organizations to workaholic employees. In this direction the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between workaholism, work-life balance, life satisfaction and affective commitment, and also the mediating effect of the work-life balance in relation with the impact of the workaholism on the life satisfaction and affective commitment. For this purpose, the data were collected from 253 automotive sector employees using convenience-sampling method through surveys. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the structural validity of the scales used in the study. The indirect relations between the variables were analyzed by structural equation model. The results obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the model fits well. As a result of the path analysis conducted to reveal the direct and indirect effects between the variables, it was revealed that workaholism was negatively related to work-life balance, life satisfaction and affective commitment. Similarly, work-life balance has an intermediary role in the effect of workaholicism on life satisfaction and affective commitment.

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Esnaf ve Sanatkârların Ahilik Değerlerine Sahip Olma Durumlarının Bazı Değişkenler Açısından Belirlenmesi: Kırşehir Örneği

Author(s): Musa Ozata,Emine Şener / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

As a work ethics system, Akhism is a system that is talked about from centuries ago to now. The aim of this research is evaluation of tradesman’s and craftsmen’s levels of the ownership of Akhi_Order Values in terms of some variables in Kırşehir. The research population consists of tradesman’s and craftsmen’s and the workers who work together with them, living in Kırşehir. The research was descriptive and the face-to-face survey technique was used to collect the data. The data collection was performed using the Akhi Order Values Scale. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis variance analysis were performed on the data. In addition, exploratory factor analysis was applied to test the validity of the scale. Scale scores were statistically significant in terms of age, gender, duty and educational status. Research findings show that Kırşehir tradesman and craftsmen have adopted Akhi values at an intermediate level. When the results of the study are examined, it was seen that tradesman and craftsmen’s did not adopt the values of Akhi. This result is similar to other studies.

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Exploring the Effects of Self-Image Congruity and Religiosity on Brand Equity of Grocery Stores

Author(s): Yusuf Arslan,Nihal Sütütemiz / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

Although brand equity is a largely discussed concept in the marketing literature, the studies have mainly been subjected the marketing activities as the antecedents of brand equity. After a vast literature review, it is seen that, consumer-based antecedents of brand equity are neglected at a certain level. This study aims to fill that gap and explores the effects of consumers’ religiosity and self-image congruity on the brand equity of grocery stores operating in an emerging economy. The universe of the study is determined as people above the age of 18 who do the most of their grocery shopping from one of the two retailers included in the scope of this study. The data were collected via a survey of 822 customers of two large grocery retailers in Turkey. The results show that both religiosity and self-image congruity have significant effects on the dimensions of retailers’ brand equity except retailer awareness. This study contributes to the literature by enhancing the understanding regarding the effects of consumer-based antecedents on retailer brand equity in emerging markets.

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To What Extent Company Image Improves through Cause-Related Marketing? An Evidence from Food Industry

Author(s): Tutku Eker İşcioğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

For the past two decades increasing effort has been given to investigating the influence of cause-related marketing (CRM) activities on consumers’ attitudes and behaviours. Because consumers may react differently to companies that operate in the same industry with similar CRM applications, the understanding of the requirements of a successful CRM application is crucial. This study aims to investigate to what extent the company image would improve for a company after applying a CRM campaign. It is suggested that the magnitude of company image improvement would be influenced by: (1) company trustworthiness; (2) the type of CRM campaign (being either a strategic or a tactical campaign). To test the hypotheses, Repeated Measures MANCOVA was used with a sample of 600 respondents in Istanbul, Turkey. The results show that only the type of CRM campaign improves the company image and surprisingly tactical CRM campaign results in more image improvement than does strategic CRM campaign.

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Güdülenmiş Tüketici Yenilikçiliğinin Değiştirme Maliyeti ve Algılanan Değer Üzerindeki Etkisine Yönelik Bir Model Önerisi: Akıllı Telefon Pazarı Örneği

Author(s): Emel Faiz,Gamze Uludag / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

The main objective of this research is to present a new model proposal by identifying the impact of switching cost and perceived value of motivated consumer innovation driven in the smartphone market. The research population consists of 17 years old and over consumer group who buy and use smart phones. In the research, the data obtained through online questionnaire from 385 smartphone users with using convenience sampling method were collected. The collected data were analyzed under AMOS 22 program and the construct validity of the model was tested. As a result of the research; it was concluded that social, hedonic and cognitive innovation had an impact on the switching cost but that the functional innovation dimension did not have an impact on the switching cost. While hedonic innovation was effective on perceived value, it was concluded that other dimensions (social, functional and cognitive) did not affect perceived value. It was concluded that the switching cost was effective on the perceived value.

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İşyerlerinde Engelli Erişimi: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Serpil Kahraman,Cagrı Bulut,Erhan Aydin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

Economic development policies indicate the need to increase the integration of people with disabilities in the labor market. In this policy instrument, the provision of disabled accessibility is a key condition. Accessibility not only means access to physical infrastructure, but also access to employment, labor force participation and post-employment support tools and policies such as flexible business model, protected workplace, and reasonable adaptations. The aim of this study is to present the perceptions and practices of organizations towards the employment and accessibility aspects in the Turkish context. For this aim of the study, interviews are made with the representatives of 20 different public and private sector organizations. The findings indicate that the lack of knowledge, accessibility, and communication are the main barriers to disabled accessibility.

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Vergilemenin Mükellefler Üzerindeki Psikolojik Etkileri: Vergiden Kaçınma ve Vergi Kaçırma Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması

Author(s): Ozgur Emre Koc / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2019

Taxation is a psychological and sociological concept as well as being an economic one. Tax psychology differs by the individual, according to taxpayers’ affordability to pay tax. The primary adverse effect caused by tax psychology is the fact of tax losses and evasions arisen from the failure of taxpayers to meet their tax liabilities. In order to benefit from taxes effectively, tax losses and evasions of taxpayers should be as minimum as possible. This study was conducted across Corum province to identify the factors, effective in the occurrence of tax losses and evasions of taxpayers. The study findings were achieved by face to face meeting with taxpayers. According to the results of the analysis; the main factor driving taxpayers to tax evasion and tax avoidance behavior is the increased tax burden due to the increase in tax rates. In addition, the fact that tax audits and penalties, other than tax burden, lead to taxpayers' tax losses and fugitives due to insufficiency are the other findings obtained from the study. The data obtained from the analysis support the literature.

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Lin-Manuel Miranda: Hamilton, a New Era of Broadway Musicals

Author(s): Besmir Shishko / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Over the past two years, something odd has happened on Broadway, which can be accredited to one man, or rather two. A new musical known as Hamilton, based on the genius and life of Alexander Hamilton, is striving to become one of the most beloved, most viewed and widely appreciated Broadway shows of all time, and it is all the creation of Lin Manuel Miranda. This paper aims to address the issues of changing the conventional Broadway music by introducing hip-hop, which seemingly focuses on rapping about relevant issues over edgy beats. In line with relevant literature, the dissertation attempts to explore the role of the introduction of modern hip-hop music and diverse cast playing the protagonist parts of the Founding Fathers in achieving to convey the message of Hamilton while changing the face of orthodox Broadway plays. The paper departs from the question of whether these elements are successful in attracting diverse ethnicities and a younger audience, while simultaneously managing to gross higher ticket sales.

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In Order to be Great, One must be a Woman: Reading Sanjukta Dasgupta’s Dilemma: A Second Book of Poems

Author(s): Saptarshi Mallick / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Poets play an important role in alighting the lamp of the human mind. The technique of writing poetry comes with ‘creation’ which is the primacy of knowledge and Sanjukta Dasgupta’s poetry is the source of light vindicating her formidable creativity and apt awareness as a ‘progressive [woman] writer’ of Indian Writings in English. Women writers contribute towards the female literary tradition of ecriture féminine, strengthening the genre of gynocriticism. Elaine Showalter comments ‘women writers…found [themselves]…without a history, forced to rediscover the past anew, forging again…the consciousness of their sex’ facilitating the patriarchal interrogation through women’s writings, accelerating the birth of a woman authored literary canon. It has enabled them to break the silence towards an egalitarian world. This essay explores the ‘micropolitics’ of an urban environment in Dasgupta’s Dilemma: A Second Book of Poems, and critically reconnoiters her entelechy to observe life and interrogate the stereotypes society imposes upon women.

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Some lessons from scientific practice on its development and growth of knowledge On Feyerabend’s perceptive view in epistemology

Author(s): Hajdin Abazi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Feyerabend generally is known most for his discovery on the helpfulness of breaking rules when they become a hindrance and for the legitimacy of the counter-inductive approach as a way to make fundamental changes in science. But his view about the decontamination of old theories and the implantation of new theories’ conception deserves equal recognition. And, of course, his alternative of open instead of closed exchange is invaluable as epistemological contribution. All this together make Feyerabend’s viewpoint very distinct, especially to understand the need of openness as a condition to make easy the scientific development. Those three aspects constitute the originality of Feyerabend’s contribution in the philosophy of science, which will be the focus of this paper. These novelties, as it will be argued, fill respective aspects where previously there were shortcomings, which made possible to clarify epistemologically the understanding and explanation, according to the practice, how the development of science and the growth of knowledge were attained (and as a consequence how they usually go). The approach of the treatise pursues the historical context and the theoretical articulation of Feyerabend’s view, including some critical reflections.

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The denationalization Policy of the International Community in Kosovo

Author(s): Donik Sallova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This paper aims to argue that the international community, especially the UN and the EU, through their missions in Kosovo, have never supported resolving the Kosovo issue in the context of the Albanian issue in the Balkans. International mechanisms have been against the identification of Kosovo as an Albanian national issue, as they have imposed standards, criterias and policies that lead to the alienation of political identification of Kosovo with what is albanian. Through formulas and slogans on multiethnic society, the international community has made it impossible to build and identify Kosovo as an Albanian national state. By stopping Kosovo's identification with the Albanian nation, making it impossible to unite with Albania by imposing exclusively non-Albanian state symbols, promoting the relativization of Serbia's invasive past in Kosovo through the so-called history review process, the international community in Kosovo clearly has implemented denationalization policies that, as a last resort, after denationalization, would have the creation of the so-called new Kosovo national identity. Through qualitative methodological approaches, the paper will review, analyze and interpret constitutional documents, laws and policies in theoretical and historical contexts to witness the denationalization policy of the international community in Kosovo, namely the failure of this policy to construct Kosovo's new national identity.

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Reorganization of the Ombudsman model in Kosovo

Author(s): Agron Xhemajli / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The advancement of the Ombudsman’s work directly affects the strengthening of the rule of law. Every administration undergoing transition as is the case in Kosovo must increase its efficiency in meeting the rule of law standards. The edifice of mechanisms controlling the powers does not suffice if they are not attended by functional and efficient pratices, which from time to time and when needed, are examined and analyzed, both in structure and in terms of the results they give. Therefore, this is the motivation and main purpose of the analysis at hand, which takes into consideration the normative content, comparing it with other countries in the region and beyond. The current model belongs to the “emergency” phase before the era of independence when its role was left in the second plan, while it has much more importance in controlling the work of public administration bodies. In addition, the Ombudsman is still not sufficiently respected in public administration, and has a limited scope in society mainly due to lack of competence. From the examination it will appear that the role of the Ombudsman will increase by shifting from the current monocratic model to the collegial model in order to expand the scope of activity and increase the competencies. This will influence his recommendations to be taken into account more by those segments of the administration that make concessions or violations of legality. Recommendations should be legally binding.

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Determinants of Job Sastisfaction Among the Nurses of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo

Author(s): Vlora Sopi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The aim of this study was to assess the job satisfaction of the nurses working at the Pediatric Clinic of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo (UCCK) based on the modified McCloskey/Mueller questionnaire. The study involved 50 nurses with different backgrounds. Intrinsic factors that dominated the survey were carrier opportunities, positive interpersonal relations, participation in decision making, perception of the work as important, and sense of personal achievement. Results have shown that the satisfaction was higher among the nurses aged older than 50, nurses with the secondary school education, nurses with more than 20 years of work experience, and nurses with less than 500 Euros monthly income in their families. At the overall job satisfaction of nurses, intrinsic factors have been shown more important than extrinsic ones.

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