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4.50 €

НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ВЪРХУ ПРЕВОДА НА ЕТНОГРАФСКИ РЕАЛИИ (РУСКО-БЪЛГАРСКИ И БЪЛГАРСКО-РУСКИ СЪОТВЕТСТВИЯ)

Author(s): Ilka Birova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article examines translation of ethnographic realia from Russian into Bulgarian and from Bulgarian into Russian language. These realia represent national cultural specificity. The observation is on the base of the texts in culturology. The author analyzes different transformations in realia translation as a creative process of searching for adequate and precise equivalents.

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За „голата“ алтернатива на ненамереното злато (Колумб, португалските откриватели и голият индианец от ранните информативни текстове за Новия свят)

Author(s): Vera Kirkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper (part of a larger task) reveals the language reflection, construction and establishment of the image of the Brazilian Indians from the 16th century, tracked in the Portuguese informative texts written about the newly-found Brazil. It covers the peculiarities when mentioning the Indian nakedness, and in turn, it is often used as manipulation purposes according to the defined Imperial policy on colonization. On the grounds of similar interpretation of nakedness, extreme images have been made up about the native Brazil population – varying from angelic innocence to demonization - yet always in advantage of the ruling European culture of expansion in the 16th century.

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Kултура на пиенето в Русия и Китай

Author(s): Yunlin Zhu / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

In this report I outline the drinking culture of Russia and China. The problems of drinking in Russia, the distinctive culture of drinking in ancient Russia, and the concept of drinking in the Russian language picture of the world are discussed. The origin of wine in China and traditional Chinese wine utensils are introduced. I also show the connection between Chinese drinking culture and folk culture, the spirit of the Chinese people and the spirit of the poets. The end of the reportis devotеdtoall who love Chinese culture with one of the most famous poemsabout drinking in China (QiangJin Jiu)

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Град и наследства: градът-разказ, сцена, културен пейзаж

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents a field research discourse on the city as a territory. The analysis is based on the thesis that the territory and the heritage are not given a priori, but they are an essential part of the activities of the local communities and state policies for construction, valorization and instrumentalization of resources. The paper presents not only particular objects, considered as a heritage, but the city as a territory that is inherited. The field of the inheritance is enlarging from the undeniable heritage (the historical center with UNESCO sign) to the places and neighborhoods, defined as distinctive for certain type of space, as well as those, valorized as a way of life. Particular consideration is given to the practices and the creation of heritage sites that emphasis on the problem about the city as a stage of cultural activities, human relationships and interaction with the environment (the urban landscape).

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Субкултурни начини на живот в гр. Пловдив

Author(s): Vihra Barova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article aims to present the first results of an anthropological fieldwork carried out in 2012 in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The investigation studies youth subcultures in times of transition. The main carrier of the subculture nowadays is the generation of those born in the late 80's and early 90's. This generation builds its identity in the years of political and economic transition and faces problems that are unknown to the previous generations. The main research interest is focused on the stylistic orientations, ideologies, norms of behavior, and political beliefs of the post-transitional generation.

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Запознаване, усвояване и предаване на фолклорното знание в училищния проект "Аспарухово - бъдеще за фолклорния свят"

Author(s): Zornitsa Prandzheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This research examines one unusual perspective towards the preservation of the cultural heritage through the Bulgarian educational system. It traces the possible mechanisms for inheritance and identification, that relate to the opportunity given to the children to get to know their roots (through fieldwork expeditions), to preserve the knowledge of their own ethnic community (and to become its heralds) and to pass it on to their coevals. The article examines the fact whether it is possible to give an opportunity to familiarise the children with their ethnicity, to preserve their knowledge of it and become heralds of the folklore knowledge, through projects in the realm of education. This research presents one practical attempt in the village of Asparuhovo, to find the answer of the above question. It reviews how the folklore is present in the "Asparuhovo - Future of the Folklore World" school project, what environment it creates, what it means for the participants and how important is it in the educational process. It defends the proposition, that after taking part in it the students change their understanding of the ethnic knowledge and have a basis for a different type of identification.

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Social Dimensions of Roma Marginalization

Author(s): Romana Oneţ / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper aims to analyze aspects of Roma marginalization, by identifying and assessing the dimensions of social needs within a compact Roma community, located in a marginalized urban area. The effects of the economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic increase inequalities regarding the economic and social situation. The major challenge is to reduce the risk of poverty, especially among families with children, people with disabilities and chronic diseases, but also the social exclusion of people at social risk, based on accurate measurements of social phenomena. The community profile indicates the social status of the inhabitants, which provides a picture of the degree of marginalization and social exclusion of Roma. Thus, the study was conducted by constructing a questionnaire as a research tool, which summarizes the results of the activity of information collection and processing, both based on statistical methods and percentage analysis. The problems faced by marginalized Roma communities are low participation in education, early school leaving, difficult transition to tertiary education, lack of adult skills, low skills among vulnerable people in the labor market, low access to services, poor health and housing. Measures for early detection of situations of social risk and intervention lead to positive effects in preventing marginalization and social exclusion.

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Ştergare din regiunea Dunării de Jos: tradiţii şi inovaţii

Author(s): Viaceslav G. Kushnir / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Culturii etnice îi este proprie varietatea, caracteristică care este rezultatul acţiunii diverşilor factori. Este un proces natural al dezvoltării unui anume popor (ethnos). Totodată, fiecare variantă reprezintă o creaţie unică, întrucât aceasta se formează în condiţii specifice unui anume areal. Regiunea Dunării de Jos s-a constituit într-o arie transfrontalieră, pluriculturală şi multietnică din vremuri îndepărtate. Asemenea regiuni sunt numeroase în lume, însă zona Dunării de Jos este deosebită tocmai datorită faptului că este divizată de o mare „barieră” naturală – fluviul Dunărea.

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В капана на сетивата

Author(s): Dobrinka Parusheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This text offers two “snapshots” of Plovdiv's Kapana district, read through the senses, with a focus on the soundscape and visual perceptions. One concerns the time from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, and the other - the 80s of the 20th century. Both written sources of different nature and memories (including visual, i.e. photographs) were used. A conclusion is drawn that the place fulfills the main functions of a public space in both considered periods and an interest in continuing the research through the prism of intersensitivity is put forward.

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Saint Syméon le nouveau théologien et Saint Grégoire Palamas, les Pères fondateurs de l’hésychasme

Author(s): Fadi Giorgi Porphyrios / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Two saints, Symeon the New Theologian and Gregory Palamas, played a crucial role in reviving Patristic theology during the period preceding the Great Captivity of Constantinople. Both monastic writers are known as the theologians of the Uncreated Light and they remain among the most prominent spokesmen for Orthodox theology until our times. Even though three hundred years separate them, one finds in the writings of Saint Gregory an organic continuity of Saint Symeon’s teaching. This text explores Palamas’ reception of the New Theologian’s theology and the continuity between the teachings of these two leading figures of Christian spirituality which results in shaping the self-consciousness of Hesychasm.

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ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МАЛЫХ ФОРМ ФОЛЬКЛОРА В РАБОТЕ С УЧАЩИМИСЯ С ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬЮ

Author(s): Larisa Zorilo,Maria Pereteatcu / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

This article discusses the problem of using small forms of folklore in working with learners with intellectual disabilities. The authors point out the peculiarities of the psycho-physical development of children with intellectual disabilities, correlate them with various small forms of folklore. The pedagogical influence of riddles, proverbs, fables, proverbs, nursery rhymes, jokes is substantiated by concrete examples, which influence not only the mental development of this category of children, but also contribute to their emotional development, motivate to learning activities, expands the concept of the world.

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Характеристики и особености на Танската култура

Author(s): Iskra Mandova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present paper discusses and analyzes some cultural phenomena of the Tang period in China, which is the era of unprecedented prosperity in Chinese history: literature (especially poetry), historiography, philosophy, art, science and technology reached unheard and unseen peaks. Political unity, social stability, economic prosperity, transport development and active international relations played the role of a catalyst in the process of quick development. It is a fact that other dynasties in Chinese history provided good social and economic conditions for the people as well but it is difficult to explain why they failed to make such brilliant achievements in the field of culture as Tang, when the innovative and creative potential of the nation managed to unleash.The present paper discusses and analyzes some cultural phenomena of the Tang period in China, which is the era of unprecedented prosperity in Chinese history: literature (especially poetry), historiography, philosophy, art, science and technology reached unheard and unseen peaks. Political unity, social stability, economic prosperity, transport development and active international relations played the role of a catalyst in the process of quick development. It is a fact that other dynasties in Chinese history provided good social and economic conditions for the people as well but it is difficult to explain why they failed to make such brilliant achievements in the field of culture as Tang, when the innovative and creative potential of the nation managed to unleash.

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Образът на едно съсловие в съзнанието на един народ – предпоставки за формиране

Author(s): Polina Tsoncheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Stereotypes that are formed in a society in terms of phenomena, conditions and processes are persistent and difficult to destroy. The reasons for their presence are complex. A basic explanation in this direction is offered by Yul. Popova, who reminds the character of stereotypes as a categorizing mechanism of human perception and leads to economy of effort that is being achieved through them (Popova 2015). The millennial consecutive evolution of Chinese nation favors the accumulation of cultural layers from different historical periods and determines the existence of a number of secondary images that mediate the relationship (Vassileva 2018) of its representatives with reality. This paper aims to present and suggest possible explanations of the negative associations accumulated within Chinese society for centuries towards the Eunuchs’ stratum.Stereotypes that are formed in a society in terms of phenomena, conditions and processes are persistent and difficult to destroy. The reasons for their presence are complex. A basic explanation in this direction is offered by Yul. Popova, who reminds the character of stereotypes as a categorizing mechanism of human perception and leads to economy of effort that is being achieved through them (Popova 2015). The millennial consecutive evolution of Chinese nation favors the accumulation of cultural layers from different historical periods and determines the existence of a number of secondary images that mediate the relationship (Vassileva 2018) of its representatives with reality. This paper aims to present and suggest possible explanations of the negative associations accumulated within Chinese society for centuries towards the Eunuchs’ stratum.

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От Херодот до християнските автори: за вдовиците на траките и ритуалната им смърт

Author(s): Dobriela Kotova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper summarises the evidence provided by ancient authors about the public ritual death of the widows of some Thracians, with which they followed their deceased husbands voluntarily to the World Beyond. Herodotus was the first to narrate about that, followed by the Roman authors Pomponius Mela and Solinus, and after them – the Christian lexicographer Stephanus Byzantinus. Traces of such information about the Thracians are seen in one of the letters of St. Hieronymus. That written tradition is definitely based on the text of Herodotus. The late evidence repeats his words to a great extent. The ritual death of the Thracian widows was clearly transformed into locus communis, but the analysis of the communications reveals both dependences and differences between them. Viewed together, they are mutually complementary and supportive Herodotus testifying to the existence of variants of the universal ritual phenomenon of following into death among the Thracians. The paper summarises the evidence provided by ancient authors about the public ritual death of the widows of some Thracians, with which they followed their deceased husbands voluntarily to the World Beyond. Herodotus was the first to narrate about that, followed by the Roman authors Pomponius Mela and Solinus, and after them – the Christian lexicographer Stephanus Byzantinus. Traces of such information about the Thracians are seen in one of the letters of St. Hieronymus. That written tradition is definitely based on the text of Herodotus. The late evidence repeats his words to a great extent. The ritual death of the Thracian widows was clearly transformed into locus communis, but the analysis of the communications reveals both dependences and differences between them. Viewed together, they are mutually complementary and supportive Herodotus testifying to the existence of variants of the universal ritual phenomenon of following into death among the Thracians.

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La politique culturelle de L’union européenne entre diversité culturelle et mise en évidence de l’héritage culturel commun

Author(s): Jean-Christophe Barbato / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

One of the components of the United Europe idea, according to its founders, is culture. The EU views the goal of maintaining cultural diversity as complementary to the goal of highlighting the common cultural legacy. Both of these objectives are more likely to be attained through intercultural conversation and the free movement and access to all cultures. Starting from diversity, the goal is to achieve a unity that does not, however, harm the original diversity, which is preserved. The European Union's motto, "United in Diversity," is a wonderful synthesis of this strategy.

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III. Rodna perspektiva - Pravoslavna tradicija

Author(s): Milica Bakić-Hayden,Marija Grujić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

ojam antropologije u pravoslavno-hrišćanskoj tradiciji odnosi se na hrišćansko učenje o čoveku, njegovoj ličnosti i prirodi, a u širem kontekstu Božijeg plana i na ljudsko spasenje, pa se u tom smislu razlikuje od upotrebe ovog termina kao naučne discipline. Shodno biblijskom otkrovenju, ljudsko biće ili čovek (anthropos) stvoren je po obličju Božijem, kao slika Njegova. Tako u knjiizi Postanja Starog zaveta čitamo: I stvori Bog čovjeka po o b lič ju svojemu, po obličju Bozijemu stvori ga; m uško i žen sko s tv o ri ih (Post.1, 26-27). Čovek - a vidimo da to znači i muškarac i žena - podjednako u sebi nose lik Božiji. Ne kaže se, po rečima jedne savremene pravoslavne teologinje, da su "muškost i ženskost aspekti samog Božijeg bića ili da ono što znači biti stvoren po liku Božijem jeste biti muško ili žensko. Naprosto i jednostavno se kaže da su oboje, i muškarac i žena, podjednako stvoreni po liku Božijem". To s jedne strane znači da je nemoguće proniknuti u dublji smisao čovekove prirode van njegovog odnosa sa Bogom, a sa druge, nemoguće razumeti taj odnos u celosti ako se on ne sagledava u svom muško-ženskom kompleksu. Pošto se na hrišćanskom istoku o tom odnosu često govori(lo) kao o 'učestvovanju u Bogu' - koje nije "samo intelektualno saznanje, već stanje celokupnog ljudskog bića, preobraženog blagodaću, i slobodno sadejstvovanje sa njom naporom i voljom uma" - zbunjujuće deluje istorijska stvarnost u kojoj se o ovoj posebnoj čovekovoj privilegiji govorilo skoro isključivo sa stanovišta muškog iskustva. To ne samo da je ishodilo svojevrsnim redukcionizmom u teorijsko-teološkom smislu, nego i raznim oblicima podređivanja, nipodaštavanja i diskriminacije žene u njenoj praktično-istorijskoj realnosti.

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Космология на японската култура и език: изследване на характероопределящата функция на японските ономатопеични думи

Author(s): Stela Zhivkova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This work focuses on the task of demythologizing the established definition of the Japanese culture as “unique”. It analyzes the phenomena found in various fields of Japanese culture, which define its nature. These phenomena can be called by different terms: loci of saturated imagery, imagistic cores, carriers of imagery, loci with an increased image charge, etc. Generally speaking, they are focal points of pictorial intensity. They are small in volume, but once perceived, unfold and present a grand vision to the human imagination. They are powerful stimulators of the imagination that abound in various manifestations of Japan’s culture – both in contemporary life and in the traditional cultural forms of poetry, theater, aroma ceremonies, and music. In Japanese language such imagistic elements are the onomatopoeic words. Relying on the physical-motor information (a consequence of their production in the oral cavity) and the memory and imagination of the listener, who has repeatedly heard and used them in certain situations, the imitative words are not just pure lexical units, but sensory words, referring to auditory, visual, and tactile perceptions that reinforce one’s lexical memory and in the same time imbuing it with a sensory element and animating the situation the word describes.

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Древни космогонични митове и сказания (Изток–Запад)

Author(s): Desislava Damyanova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

When we turn to the spiritual culture of past epochs, we witness many original ideas and peculiar schemes – the result of the creative imagination of people who lived thousands of years ago. Some of them are purely local in nature and do not occur beyond the boundaries of a particular culture, others are a variation of views of the universe known worldwide; in any case, through the analysis of ancient myths, we can highlight the coded suggestions and symbolic models (archetypes) that refer to universal cosmological systems.

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Българската фолклористика и етнография – формиране и развитие

Author(s): Maria Marinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The period, which is under review, is marked by two main trends: the publication of folklore and ethnographic materials, on one hand, and theoretical justification, on the other hand. A series of publications until the end of the 19th century laid the foundations of Bulgarian ethnology. At the same time, Rakovski’s “Indicator” and Ivan Shishmanov’s paper provide a scientific justification for the need to collect, record and store ethnographic materials. The article examines the works on Bulgarian folklore of Yuriy Venelin, Ivan Bogorov, Zahariy Knyazheski, Petko Slaveykov, Dimitar Miladinov and Konstantin Miladinov, Lyuben Karavelov, Kuzman Shapkarev, Dimitar Marinov, etc. It should be noted that a large number of collectors of folklore materials do not have a university education. However, by the end of the 19th century, the foundations of the sciences of ethnology and folkloristics were formed in Bulgaria.

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A Pagan Eco-fascism? The Ecological Thinking of Aleksey ‘Dobroslav’ Dobrovolsky

Author(s): Adrien Nonjon / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Established on a set of scientific and utopian principles reflecting the long path of master ideas of the 18th and 19th centuries such as Romanticism, ecology is the embodiment of an ideal that seeks to put nature back at the forefront of history and societies instead of dismissing it. Instead of an “inauthentic life” in which man has lost his own freedom due to the tragic and alienating grasp of modern civilisation and its hypocritical social conventions, nature is meant to be salvation. Millennial and immaculate, it would also constitute a base of absolute values and references for societies in search of meaning. While some idealists, like Henry Thoreau (1817–1862), have found in the oneiric and metaphysical contemplation of wide open spaces an escape from the “evil of the century”, others have taken refuge in a much more political and religious radical reading.

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