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Professors Krystyna Pietrych and Jacek Brzozowski talk to Professor Helena Karwacka about the Polish and library studies in Krakow, her cooperation with prominent figures of Polish history of literature, and the cultural life in the post-war Łódź.
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With the development of geoinformation technologies and geoinformation mapping the sphere of activity of professional geographers and cartographers has been enriched by a wide application of databases (DB). They enable geographical information to be put in order in a user-friendly system. The article considers the methodological aspects of the organizations and creation of such a system - the "Municipal settlements of Ukraine" databases. The basic stages and databases forming the principles which the author designated during the creation of this specific database are highlighted. The DB structure is revealed - the list of the data included in every table is given. The ways of DB applications are determined; they consist in using DB for the creation of various cartographic studies and reference books about the municipal settlements in Ukraine. The prospects of DB development and perfection are considered.
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Any researcher who works with local people in a small town soon finds a number of repeating topics, stories, symbols, characters, and attitudes. Together they create a generalized image that, to a greater or lesser degree, is shared by its inhabitants. In order to move beyond merely recording different forms of self-description and to use these data as instruments of explanation and comparative analysis, the author proposes a model for the genre analysis of such “local” narratives. This allows us to a) reveal links between the past (cultural memory), present (image), and future (expectations and scenarios) of a city; b) explain the cultural preconditions of observed collective and individual actions; and c) explain the specificity of the affective connection between citizens and their city. In the second part of the paper the author demonstrates some results of the application of this model, using two case studies: Myshkin (visited in 2013) and Kologriv (visited in 2010). The narratives of local inhabitants are structured according to the genres of ”progress” (development) and ”regress” (decay). The author is especially interested in how these genres constitute peculiar types of agency, as well as a repertoire of (im)possible actions.
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of media literacy in Serbia five years after "The Strategy for the Development of the Public Information System in the Republic of Serbia" came into force. Among other things, the "Strategy" proclaimed the introduction of new ICTs in order to contribute to better informing and education for children and youth. "Medijska koalicija" ("Media coalition") and US Agency for International Development (USAID), with the help of Serbian Ministry of Education and Science, started the project in order to encourage and support the democratization of the society via promotion of media literacy and responsible journalism in the Republic of Serbia. The target groups of the project were both teachers and secondary school students, as well as journalists. The project resulted in many seminars as well as a web-site which provide permanent support for the establishment of critical understanding of media messages using the most up-to-date learning models such as webinars and other multimedia tools.
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Forests and forestry of a part of the Croatian littoral Karst, going from Povila to St. Magdalene, had a great importance in the entire life on that area during the 19th and 20th c. The outstanding position at that time was entitled to a special forestry institution for Karst managing, called the "Royal Inspection for the Afforestation of Military Border Karst - Inspectorate for the Afforestation of Karst, Bare Rocky Grounds and Flood Control". By analyzing in details all the segments of the continuous activities from the 1878 - 1942, its importance has been objectively evaluated in the context of either forestry or the whole life of our homeland. The achievements of the above institution have been successfully applied in works on the Karst even at present and will be so in the future as well. The special Karst Institution was covering some 51.777 ha, where were established 95 crop areas - forest preserves on 10.097 ha. In those areas some 1.738 ha were wooded and 1.441 ha complemented while 7.435 ha were renovated spontaneously. In their own nurserygardens were produced 82.724.368 pieces of seedlings, mostly for their own requirements, but also for the afforestation throughout the country. Beside the afforestation as a main occupation, a great deal of breeding and technical works of less intensity were performed as well. For the realisation of 25 different kinds of works and for the salaries of the staff was spent 33.027.000. dinars. In the forester's trade, the history was the one which was investigated less of all until now, although it may in a great deal help in exploring the pattern of forestry development. Based on such conceptions much better results with much less expenditures could be achieved in the future managings. The investigations on a continuous 64 years old activities of the Inspectorate of Senj have ranged Senj in an important centre of our Karst forestry.
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The results of the census of 1887 which was published in 1888 by the smallest settlements provide an understanding of the religion, language and to some extent the migration characteristics of the population during the transition from Turkish authority to Bulgarian dominance. The aim of this study is to show the spatial distribution of these characteristics by mapping them in the possible smallest settlement. As a result, it has been seen that the Turks and Muslims have been concentrated mostly to the northern borders of the province especially where the Deli Kamçık strait connects Burgaz to Varna and is an important chokepoint to the “Sağ Kol” while the Orthodox Greeks are in majority at the most of the coastal cities such as Sozopol, Burgaz, Anhialo and Mesemvri. Bulgarian Orthodox population is located in the southern part of the province while to the north gradually Bulgarian coexists with the Turkish population.
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History of NIRD URBAN-INCERC: research in civil engineering, architecture and spatial planning.
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The Black Sea region has lately emerged as a region of main concern due to its increased geopolitical importance and the wide range of security issues it confronts with. As a result both regional and international actors have focused their attention in finding suitable solutions to secure the area. Finding solutions is not an easy issue as there is not regional identity and the regionalization process is nascent. Using information present in academic and government literature, this paper concludes that the process of NATO integration, regional cooperation and defense transformation has been the main drivers for Romania’s contribution in improving the security environment in the region. The paper also identifies international cooperation and standardization as tools for increasing the confidence and security in the Black Sea region.
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The unpredictability and the seriousness of the potential earthquake consequences for people and residential buildings in Serbia imply the need for improving the resilience of local communities. The paper presents the results of a quantitative research regarding the level and factors of influence on the awareness of citizens about the seismic resistance of their residential buildings to earthquake consequences. Multiple-point random sampling was used to survey 1,018 citizens (face to face) during 2017 in 8 local communities: Kraljevo, Lazarevac, Jagodina, Mionica, Prijepolje, Vranje, Lapovo and Kopaonik. The questionnaire consisted of two segments: questions on demographic, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of respondents and questions regarding resistance of residential buildings to earthquake consequences. The results show that 35% of respondents state that they live in residential buildings that are not resistant to earthquakes, while 70.7% state that they live in buildings built of reinforced concrete, which are considered safe. Beside that 9.2% of respondents examined the resistance of their facilities to earthquake consequences. Inferential statistical analyses show that men to a greater extent than women state that their buildings are resistant to earthquake consequences. Starting from the multidimensionality of citizen vulnerability to earthquakes, it is necessary to conduct additional studies and further elucidate the sociological dimension of vulnerability and resilience.
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The profound social changes occuring under the late Ramessides and the early years of the Libyan rule have not remained without an effect on Egyptian material culture. One of the best indicators of this phenomenon is funerary art and, more specifically, the funerary artefacts retrieved from the tombs of the Theban necropolis. Although the material from regional cemeteries in Middle Egypt, the Delta and especially the royal necropolis at Tanis also provides valuable data to a better understanding of the characteristics of this change, it is only at Thebes that a vast sequence of tomb groups preserved by favorable climatic conditions can serve as a basis for more elaborate studies yielding a compass for the assessment of contemporary corpora throughout Egypt. The significance of the Theban material was already recognised by early scholars following the discovery of tomb groups in Deir el-Bahari, the Ramesseum and other sites at Thebes. More recent investigations have also convincingly shown that the period between the 11th and mid-7th c. BC is far from being homogeneous with regard to cultural patterns and paradigms expressed in material culture. Relying on typological studies of various genres of this material,2 the production of the 21st and early 22nd dynasties is now safely distinguishable from the preceding and successive Theban corpora. The present study offers a summary of the digging activities carried out in a mortuary complex that dates to the second part of the Third Intermediate Period, i.e., the late 22nd and 25th dynasties.
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Pilgrims returning home during the early Byzantine period carried with them numerous objects with sacred inscriptions. In Jerusalem—and in Syria—terracotta oil lamps were made with a specific formula of blessing mentioning both the Blessed Virgin as Theotokos and a certain John whose identification either with a saint or the manufacturer of these lamps remains unclear. The Archaeological Museum of Hatay in southeastern Turkey holds a lamp of this type, probably dating to the 6th century AD or shortly thereafter.
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The location and terrain of the Haimos Mountains (in modern terms, consisting primarily of the massifs of the Stara Planina and the Sredna Gora) were a natural barrier to travellers and troops intending to move from north to south, from south to north, or along the famous via militaris, passing through the eastern half of what is now designated as the Balkan Peninsula. The Stara Planina divides the Danubian Plain from the southern regions of Illyria and Thrace, while the Sredna Gora separates the latter two from each other. In the past, these mountains were difficult to cross because of bad weather conditions, including sudden thunderstorms, thermal inversions and mountain rivers overflowing with spring meltwaters. The thick snow cover, which extended to the lower parts of the massifs in winter, created a lot of difficulties even for locals, who knew the terrain very well, but considerably more so for outsiders, who were practically unable to traverse it at that time of the year. The Byzantines were evidently often discouraged from crossing, partly because the image of these mountains and their inhabitants, particularly among members of Byzantine elites, was formed by readings of classical literature and knowledge of past military losses suffered by the Empire in the region. Stories of brigands ravaging the area also played a part, diffused as they were among soldiers and the ordinary populace by oral tradition or devotional literature, such as saints’ lives. Analysis of geographical facts and historical sources demonstrates that the Haimos was a dominant geographical feature in the region during the Middle Ages. It was a natural dividing line and a reference for the location of individual territories. It is not surprising therefore that Byzantine military troops and travellers heading northwards wanted to avoid crossing that difficult area and risking ambush; instead, they readily used the sea route along the eastern coast of Thrace and Moesia or instigated various nomadic peoples to invade the Bulgarian-populated lands from the north.
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The first Affad was the one we saw when the archaeological sites there were first investigated at the beginning of the century. The second Affad, which is the region that we have been exploring in the past 15 years, bore many signs of modern Sudanese culture encroaching upon the desert. In 2009, an asphalt road cut through the desert and shortly thereafter, the Debba bridge and power lines were constructed, the latter coming from a hydroelectric power station on the Fourth Cataract. Affad 3.0 is what the location looks like today—extensive industrial-scale farms on terraces too far away for traditional agriculture. The investment has already caused irreversible destruction to the archaeological heritage. Cattle+ in the title of this article refers to new data on large ruminants. The discovery of auroch remains and the Neolithic cattle data are both extremely important proxies for the adaptation strategies of people inhabiting the Southern Dongola Reach in prehistory.
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The article treats the rural environment of Romania, through developing the agro-tourism with its tourist villages. It highlights the features of agro-tourism in comparison with traditional tourism and the impact of it on local community and local economy as a source of revenues for its rural population. The Romania’s socio-economic development, according to the European standards and requirements, depends largely on rural area development, which is so significant for our country’s international recognition. The problem of the sustainable development of the rural areas constitutes a high priority for Romania in the quality of European Union’s member state. This supposes adopting of a coherent strategy that can realize a balance between the preservation demand of the economic, ecologic and socio-cultural area on one hand, and the tendency of life country modernization, on the other side.
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In this research, the destination competitiveness performances of these countries were measured by MAIRCA and MARCOS methods over the values of the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) components of 19 Mediterranean basin countries for 2019. According to the findings, it was observed that Spain, France, Italy and Portugal were among the top four countries with the highest destination competitiveness performance, while Tunisia, Lebanon, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Algeria were among the last four countries within the scope of both methods.In addition, it has been determined that the destination competitiveness performance values of the countries within the scope of TTCI are more positively related to the destination competitiveness performance values of the countries determined by the MARCOS method compared to the MAIRCA method. Therefore, according to this result, it was concluded that TTCI can be better explained with the MARCOS method compared to the MAIRCA method.
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During 1974–1978, the Lithuanian Institute of History published four volumes of the Lietuvos archeologijos atlasas (Atlas of Lithuanian Archaeology). The atlas’s first book, which was edited by Dr habil. Rimutė Rimantienė, was devoted to Stone and Bronze Age sites and stray finds from this period (Atlasas 1974). The separate article of this book (Bagušienė, Rimantienė 1974) encompassed all of the ground stone artefacts that had been mapped and were preserved at that time in Lithuanian museums. The work listed 2560 ground stone artefacts from 1420 find spots and created distribution maps, an index of the main types, and a typology scheme, which Lithuanian archaeologists and museologists have used for almost half a century. The typological scheme of ground stone artefacts created by Ona Bagušienė and Rimutė Rimantienė is seen not as an unalterable constant, but as a dynamic, modifiable classification structure. The article presents insights and thoughts that arose in creating a ground stone artefact database for SW Lithuania (Užnemunė). And examines the most abundant ground artefact typological group, perforated stone axes.
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A Management Plan is a document which should be drawn up for all UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It serves to protect universal outstanding value and it is a strategy for further sustainable development of a particular site. A Management Plan is not a product but a process in which all stakeholders in the given area should actively participate. Its result is the design and implementation of activities intended to regenerate, regularly maintain and reasonable use the listed property. The presented Stage I of the second updated Management Plan 2020–2024 launches wider multi-disciplinary work on management of the Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape, World Heritage Site. The management system must ensure effective protection of the outstanding universal value of the site for present and future generations. Stage II of updating the Management Plan will be launched in 2020 as an implementation stage. The Management Plan will be developed into a series of projects and events which will become part of the updated Action Plan for 2020 – 2024.
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The Konopnica Commune, adjacent to the voivodeship capital Lublin, is of agricultural character. Due to transformations in the agricultural economy and inflow of population from the nearby city, the social sphere of life is gaining importance. One of the elements of its proper functioning is the developed network of non-governmental organisations and various forms of cooperation with the NGO environment. Many initiatives activating residents are implemented in the commune. The most interesting one is the international project “Promotion of land culture and preservation of historical heritage” conducted together with the Trembowla municipality in the Tarnopol oblast in Ukraine. The following associations are active in the area of the commune: Association Local Action Group for the Development of the Lublin Poviat “Kraina wokół Lublina”, 12 units of the Volunteer Fire Brigade, Association “Pracownia Twórczych Działań”, and Association “Skaut” with its seat in Lublin, implementing cultural-social workshops in the Konopnica Commune. Residents of the commune implement and develop passions in groups and artistic teams, including: singing group “Rola”, theatre group “Stacja Teatr”, ballet group “Arabeski”, group “Malarki z Konopnicy”, and a music band. Owing to the work of enthusiasts, cultural-social meetings are organised in the form of cyclical events and one-off actions. The cultural development is stimulated by cultural entities (“Dom Kultury” in Motycz, Commune Library and its branches, Ośrodek Działań Twórczych). The aforementioned advantages of the Konopnica Commune offer a chance for its development both in the socio-economic sphere and in terms of cultural-environmental heritage.
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At the end of the Soviet Union the White Sea area was probably the most technologically advanced military infrastructure in the world. Despite the political and military changes in the Arctic, it remains an area of the military activity of such powers as Denmark, Canada and Russia. In all relevant documents showing the Russian vision of the policy, a reference is made to the Arctic. The priority was to defend Russian interests in the region, through the expansion and modernization of the fleet of icebreakers, limiting military activities of other countries and securing Russia’s position on the northern sea routes. In the so-called Arctic doctrine of the Russian Federation the key elements for the protection of the interests of Russia in the High North are the following: a security resource base, maintaining the Arctic as a zone of peace and cooperation, protecting the environment and the use of the northern sea routes.
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If it were to my heart, I would begin this book with the words: It is untrue that Albania is a country full of robbers and dangers, ruled by an operetta king under the lictor's ax of the mighty Mediterranean, that it looks somehow like those Caucasian principalities that American film-kitsch wants to make us believe as the setting for the ever popular court intrigues. It is untrue that the Skipetarian population is divided into two classes, the urban proletariat of the intelligentsia, and all the rest of the rest, who scowl like astrologers in illustrated advertisements and handle the rifle with habitual determination. It is also untrue that forests and swamps are literally teeming with rare game, which European travel hunters, who are immortalized in the picture with their slain lions, could offer a welcome and easy change. So much is untrue that is being spread about this strange country and that is being used in Western ideas. TRUE IS MUCH MORE ... (this, the author is offering in his book)
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