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KOUZLO STARÝCH POHLEDNIC KE KRITICKÉ METODOLOGII INTERPRETACE POPULÁRNÍHO HISTORIOGRAFICKÉHO ŽÁNRU

Author(s): Jan Seidl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2020

This article focuses on a critical analysis of a corpus of books featuring antique postcards of the Liberec region (Czech Republic) which were re-published in the last 20 years. The author studies this empirical material in connection to the local identities formation in a region with a complex modern history. Methodologically, he builds on a phenomenologically oriented theory of a place as a focus of individually ascribed meanings. He approaches postcards as signs with a distinguishable signifier and signified. He describes the genre paradigm of these books, palpable in their common features regarding the choice and ordering of postcards and in the ways their editors formulate their comments to individual reproductions. He argues that in cases of old postcards with German-language inscriptions, which are dominant in this region, the genre paradigm of these books makes it impossible that account be fully taken of the distinctive, unique features captured in these postcards (and thus an important layer of their meaning). Finally, the author calls for an alternative model of interpretation that could be applied to these sources and that would produce historical knowledge of a different nature.

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NON-MEGALITHIC ”ARCHITECTURE” OF NEOLITHIC ON THE EUROPEAN TERRITORY: SETTLEMENTS AND BUILDINGS, ASSEMBLIES OF FORTIFICATIONS

Author(s): Ioana-Iulia Olaru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

It is about Neolithic sites and buildings (houses) – in this article, we will return to a period which is previous to the birth of Architecture as an artistic field. As a geographic area, the European one is our target, having its specificity and also its similarities with the phenomenon that happened in the Asian territory of those times. We will see how the expansion of communities and especially the sedentariness of hunters-pickers will ask for the appearance of territorial organization, and also the habit of fortifying sites, and also the spring of a true science regarding building one’s dwelling house – the centre of activities and of the entire life of Neolithic man. Except for the megalithic monuments, what is specific to this period is also the bordering areas which closed settlements, having a ceremony role or a fortification role, while others had a funerary role.

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ICONOGRAPHY – ART OF DEPTH

Author(s): Mihaela Alieta Mircea (Petrovan) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

Orthodox iconography, as an expressionist art with deep meaning, aims not only at the senses, but primarily at the spirit. People began to notice that the essence of iconographic art is not limited to colors, that is, to the light impressions that the eye receives, but focuses on the "inner perfection" and "artistic expression" of a deep experience and the reality of life, in the revelation of the truth. Iconography is a branch of art that mainly deals with the transmission of the evangelical message and certain doctrinal ideas or concepts, through the symbols and signs used. In addition to understanding theological meaning and significance, iconography also speaks to a large extent about certain techniques used, while reflecting the historical periods and cultures from which the iconographic works originate. The depth of the iconography thus becomes the main characteristic of the content of an Orthodox icon. Its purpose is to leave a persistent and consistent imprint on the psyche rather than a brief and fleeting impression on the senses.

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DOBRUDJAN LANDSCAPE ON THE PERMANENT EXHIBITION SIMES OF TULCEA ART MUSEUM

Author(s): Gabriela RADU / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

Dobrogea, through the unique landscape, through the light and chromatics of the surrounding nature and through the exotic aspect of the inhabitants, constantly changing, amazes and attracts painters. The Tulcea Art Museum highlights works inspired by the beauty of the Dobrudjan area. Dobrogea is the space that manages to imprint itself in the creations of Romanian artists. These works have become a definition of the surrounding space. The visitor, after contemplating nature, can rediscover it in the space of the Tulcea Art Museum. The article includes brief presentations of artists and their works that have Dobrogea as inspiration.

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„Prägung. Geblieben sind die Erinnerungen, die gedankenschwer... in meinem Bewußtsein wüten.“ Grafische Verfahren zur Sichtbarmachung von Strukturen des Erinnerns bei Joachim Zintel

Author(s): Paul Martin Langner / Language(s): German Issue: 22/2022

The article describes the aspects of Joachim Zintel’s (Berlin, 1943) graphics that are referred to as typography. In his graphics, the artist processes snippets of memories of the flight from Stettin to Berlin at the end of the World War II. But it is not the historical events that come to the fore in the graphics, but the processes of remembering and forgetting, the themes of images that are characterized by shifts, highlights, obscuring, blurring and gaps.

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Lucjan Rydel i piękna książka

Author(s): Grzegorz Bąbiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2019

Artistic activity at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries resulted not only in the development of literature and art, but also functional art and crafts, e.g. graphics and book decoration. Apart from artistic press, it was clearly visible in the phenomenon of the so-called beautiful book. The most distinguished artists of that period: Stanisław Wyspiański, Jan Bukowski, Antoni Procajłowicz – designed covers, vignettes and decorations of the best-known literary works. Lucjan Rydel, who found himself among those artists, was a friend of Wyspiański and cooperated with him, which meant that their first joint works heralded the discussed phenomenon at the Vistula River. This big event was the publication of Rydel’s translation of Iliada with the pictures and illustrations by Wyspiański, who also decorated Rydels’ volumes of poetry, using floral motifs, which were typical in his later work. Also other artists in their ornaments have tried to refer to the motifs which were dominant in Rydel’s works. Thanks to this practice, some editions of dramas (1902, designed by A. Procajłowicz) and Bajka o Kasi i królewiczu (1904, designed by S. Dębicki) should be regarded as the most renowned works of the ‘beautiful book’ trend, not only in Poland, but also in East-Central Europe. This paper focuses on the most representative ‘beautiful books’, based on Lucjan Rydel’s works from the period 1896–1911.

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Continuity and change in the ceramic assemblage from Metsamor between the 10th and 7th centuries BCE (new data from the 2021 season)

Author(s): Mateusz Iskra,Tigran Zakyan,Maciej Sobczak,Bartosz Placak / Language(s): English Issue: XXXI/2022

The morphology and distribution of what is considered as a local pottery assemblage from the Iron I and Iron II phases, which in Metsamor is part of a larger cultural phenomenon designated as the Lchashen–Metsamor pottery horizon, is the subject of continued discussion in terms of its continuity and change. This presentation, expanding on previous, preliminary research (see Iskra and Zakyan 2019; 2022), considers the input of new findings resulting from an examination of the results of the most recent excavations by an Armenian-Polish team, concentrated on phases of peak development (V and IVb) and gradual decline of urban life (IVa) in the Iron Age at this fortress site in Armenia. The discussion also contextualizes current knowledge of the presence of Urartian Red Burnished Ware in the Metsamor settlement, especially during the initial phase of Urartian presence, that is, in Phase IVa.

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Powstanie i cechy palety barw Kangxi wucai 康熙五彩 oraz falangcai 珐琅彩 – spotkanie kultur a estetyka podwójnej obcości. Część I: Problematyka terminologii i badań nad porcelaną eksportową

Author(s): Agnieszka Pudlis / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2023

This essay focusses on issues connected with research into the history of exported porcelain from the Far East. To this end, it discusses the literary context of the expressions “the family of roses” and “the family of greens,” and also the genesis, main features, and current terminology relating to the two most widespread techniques of glaze-painting decoration (Kangxi wucai 康熙五彩 and falangcai 珐琅彩).The article discusses the most important techniques of decoration that preceded the development of the Kangxi wucai palette and the relations between technological development and the taste of the period. It also indicates the important items in Polish collections, especially in the National Museum in Gdańsk. From the holdings of this museum, the author selects a plate decorated with wild geese on Lake Taihu. An analysis of the plate – with regard to the technology of its production, aesthetics, and iconography – is the main element in the article. Polish items are presented in the context of important European collections: the British Museum, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Musée Guimet, the National Museum in Oslo, and the Museo Correr in Venice.The author formulates a new term in art theory: the aesthetics of double foreignness. It makes it possible to give a name to a phenomenon that develops in the process of reception and analysis of objects produced in one developed and isolated civilization, intended for and commissioned by a second civilization.

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TİMUR DEVRİ İSKENDER SULTAN DÖNEMİNE AİT BL ADD. 27261 ‘E KAYITLI ANTOLOJİ’DE BULUNAN HAMSE-İ NİZAMİ MİNYATÜRLERİNİN KOMPOZİSYON DÜZENLEMELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Author(s): S. Hilal Arpacioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 59/2023

In the 14th century, Tabriz, Shiraz, Baghdad, Herat and Samarkand, which were under the rule of the Timurids, became important art centers in line with the Timurid emphasis on the arts. Timur's grandson Iskander Sultan was one of the most important patrons of the book arts under the Timurids, and during his reign a large number of high-quality illustrated manuscripts were produced in the Shiraz region. The Anthology recorded in BL Add. 27261 is one of the most important works produced in Shiraz during the reign of Iskander Sultan and constitutes the Shiraz style of the Timurid period. The Khamse-i Nizami section of the work, which is the subject of our research, contains 14 miniatures. Through the 14 paintings examined in our study, we will examine how the painters construct the design according to the subject of the story, how they create the perception of depth and how they direct the viewer to the main center of the story. The relationship between front and back in the spaces designed by the painters and the method by which they reveal the important figures in the story will be indicated.

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Зараждането на иконата в първите векове от възникването на християнството

Author(s): Ivelina P. Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

This article presents the way of the iconography from the nascency of the Christian religion, the first centuries of persecution and the profession of faith in the underground catacombs, which became the natural home of the first Christian images, to its recognition as an equal religion in the IV century.

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Neobjavljeni arheološki materijal sa lokaliteta brda Stražbenica u naselju Bukovača kod Bosanskog Petrovca

Author(s): Adnan Busuladžić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2022

The fort located on Stražbenica hill in the village of Bukovača in Bosanski Petrovac completes the picture of the Roman presence in western Bosnia. It has long been known as potentially very promising for systematic archaeological investigations, as suggested by the quantity of chance finds at the site, and the visible remains of architectural structures. Thus far unpublished finds also suggest that the site is worth studying, and that it could very likely yield not only mainly Roman material, but also remains of earlier periods. Pottery found there points to cultural strata that can probably be dated to the metal ages, but also to the early mediaeval period (Plate 2, figs, 3 and 5). Stronge evidence of the Roman presence from as early as the 2nd century is provided by Probus coins (Plate 1, figs. 1 and 2), and strikingly moulded fibulae (Plate 2, fig. 2), which were made in particular at Siscia, to which Stražbenica is relatively close. Monetary circulation is also evidenced by a very fine silver Antoninus Pius imperial coin (Plate 1, figs. 3 and 4). A milestone that has stood in situ in Stražbenica for centuries suggests that this was a much frequented route (Plate 1, fig. 5). Furthermore, finds of pieces of horseshoe provide evidence that the route was used by pack animals, mainly horses, to carry both people and goods, particularly in late Antiquity (Plate 2, fig. 1). A crossbow fibula (Plate 1, fig. 6) probably also dates from that period, and, along with a prismatic arrow (Plate 2, fig. 4), attests to some form of life in the unsettled, uncertain times of late Antiquity. Analysis of the chance finds from the site points to a human presence there from the metal ages to late Antiquity and into the early mediaeval period. The fort at Stražbenica hill in the village of Bukovača in Bosanski Petrovac is just one of a series of hillfort-type settlements dating from pre-Roman times and remaining in use for centuries thereafter. Pre-Roman castella and oppida such as Kolunić, Gradić at Žuta glavica, Kadinjač, and the settlements in Krnjeuša and the village of Bare provide further evidence of this.

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Lipac - nalazi iz grobova finalnog bronzanog doba sjeverne Bosne

Author(s): Aleksandar Jašarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 51/2022

During the final stages of the Late Bronze Age (9th–8th century BC) the territory of northern Bosnia was characterised by remarkable cultural dynamics, visible primarily in the distribution of metal finds: weapons, tools, jewellery, and functional costume objects. A new type of funeral practice – inhumation – emerged here, with this perhaps being an important factor in the formation and social stratification of communities living in this area at the end of the Late Bronze Age and the beginning of the Early Iron Age. In this paper, a group of remarkable objects is presented for the first time. The collection of chance finds from Lipac, near Doboj, consists of a group of metal functional-decorative objects of high craftsmanship, and a smaller group of ceramic vessels, most likely found as part of a burial inventory dated to the early 8th century BC. In addition to basic information on the distribution and chronological framework of certain pieces of ornaments themselves, the grave finds from Lipac provide us with exceptional insight into possible local technological innovations and adaptations based on local traditions, models and aesthetic criteria established among communities from this period. Objects in the grave can be divided into two groups: objects related to food and drink, and bronze ornaments related to personal attire.

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აუდიო- ვიზუალური ხელოვნების ენა და ისტორიის ინტერპრეტაცია (,,დიდებული საუკუნის“ მიხედვით)

Author(s): Nino Gelovani / Language(s): Georgian Issue: 8/2022

Visual storytelling of history involves a complex and multifaceted process. The historical drama "Magnificent Century" on television uses social and political allusions drawn from sources that describe and recall particular situational scenarios to sum up or represent the events of the time, the constructivist version of the series, on the other hand, calls into question the accuracy of historical facts and their cultural setting. Historical movies have a big impact on how people see historical events and facts. In film episodes, historical periods or figures are dramaturgically at the center of events, and from a new (fictional) reality, the spectator is pushed to the point of attack (climax), to make the tale more engaging. This is similar to how historians recreate the past via written words. We will attempt to present a broad overview of the interpretations of the historical narratives provided to the public by the series' creative team in this article based on the resources we have gathered and examined. The primary question is, "How is it created?" and "How is the narrative's modelled in the visual?" It is a work of art, as emphasized by the series' screenwriter Meral Okay and producer Timur Savji, yet it deals with the portrayal of historical individuals. According to the outcomes of exhibiting the image, the line between historical fact and fiction was not particularly clear to the TV viewers.

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Kronika kulturnih događanja u Mostaru, listopad 2022. – ožujak 2023.

Author(s): Mira Pehar / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 129-130/2023

Kronika kulturnih događanja u Mostaru, listopad 2022. – ožujak 2023. / Chronicle of cultural events in Mostar, October 2022 - March 2023.

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Kronika kulturnih događanja u Mostaru, travanj – srpanj 2023.

Author(s): Mira Pehar / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 131-132/2023

Kronika kulturnih događanja u Mostaru, travanj – srpanj 2023. / Chronicle of cultural events in Mostar, April - July 2023.

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„I czyńcie ją sobie poddaną; i panujcie nad rybami morskimi, i nad ptactwem niebieskim, i nad wszelkim zwierzem, który się rusza na ziemi”

Author(s): Andrzej Pitrus / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2023

The article focuses on various strategies of artists who use live animals in their works. The author presents several examples of works which, in many cases, raised a lot of controversies. His aim is not to judge, but to discuss different approaches, which have one thing in common: they all come from the tradition of conceptual or preconceptual art.

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Postklasyczna groza. Przeobrażenia fuzji gatunkowej survival horroru

Author(s): Dominika Staszenko-Chojnacka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2023

This article provides an introduction to the study of the transformation of the survival horror genre. The author discusses the genre determinants of horror games from the historical perspective, draw- ing particular attention to the moment when the classic survival horror formula emerged. She also describes the changes over the years that led both to the need to update the genre framework and to the division into classic and post-classic horror games. She also analyses the mechanics typical of contemporary productions using horror elements.

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The Impact of Islamic Ideology in the Society Based on Pottery Designs of Islamic Middle Ages

Author(s): Babak Behshid,Reza Rezalou,Karim Hajizadeh Bastani,Behrouz Afkhami / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The art of pottery in the Islamic Middle Ages along with other arts is one of the most beautiful and important manifestations of Islamic teachings that has affected all aspects of human life; theology, attention to the universe, goodness and humanity are constantly commanded. In this research, an attempt is made to determine the extent of the effect and type of those teachings by studying and classifying the motifs and decorations of pottery of the Islamic era based on the concepts of Quranic verses. The type of analytical-descriptive research and the method are field work and library research. After classifying the verses of the Islam, the designs and decorations of the art of the Islamic period and matching them with each other, a logical analysis of the findings is conducted. The aims of the research include: separating the types of motifs and decorations of works of art related to the Islamic period influenced by the themes of Islamic ideology and finding the extent of these effects. Questions such as the effect of the Islamic ideology on the pottery decorations of the Islamic era and their types will be addressed. The purpose of addressing the Islamic teachings on pottery was answered assuming religious beliefs, philanthropy and the taste of pottery artists.

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The Icon of Resurrection: the Transformations in the Russian Art of the 16th-17th Centuries

Author(s): Svetlana Ivanova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article deals with the problem of Easter iconography. The changes that have taken place in the Russian art of the 16th- 17th centuries are examinated. During this time, new samples for Russian icon painters have appeared. These are Western European engravings and Bibles with illustrations. The images from there are borrowed by Russian artists. This is how an engraving is copied from the cycle of illustrations of the Apostolic Creed. This creed is different from the Orthodox one. The fifth illustration includes dogma, that is not named in the Orthodox creed. There are different stages of image change. They correspond to the understanding of engraving by Russian icon painters. Firstly, the icon painters interpret the engraving and arrange the images differently from the composition of the engraving. Secondly, they create icons as an exact copy of the engraving. Finally, they create a multi-figure image with a central dominant. This new image is associated in culture with the ancient image of Anastasis, or rather, it is defined as its detailed version. Therefore, the ancient icon of Anastasis is connected with a new context. This makes it difficult both to understand the icon and the history of the "Descent into Hell" image. Only by taking into account the transformation of the icon can we talk about the meaning of the ancient image.

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Creative Posthumanism and Bogdan Rață

Author(s): Simber Atay / Language(s): English Issue: 79/2023

Creative Posthumanism is one of the most crucial discussion areas of the 21st Century contemporary art. There are many posthuman works in many branches of art from literature to cinema, from photography to sculpture. Biotechnological developments, digital technologies as art devices, futuristic vision, and several variations of humanism are some components of creative posthumanism. On the other hand, creative posthumanism has classical mythological origins. In this context, the subject will be evaluated through several artistic examples focusing particularly on Bogdan Rața’s art and sculptures.

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