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The purpose of this paper is to consider issues related to the little-known problem in the area of knowledge management. This problem is the “burden” of knowledge (unwanted knowledge). In pursuing the aim of this paper, the following issues were discussed: the issue of action, knowledge in the organization in the context of cooperation and the effectiveness of actions.
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The increase in economic, social and security risks is currently determined by the resource crisis on the one hand, as well as by the economic competition and global military challenges on the other hand, which amplifies instability and jeopardizes the viability of inter-state relations at global level. In these circumstances, the complexity of the economic and military environments determines company managers and military leaders to act by way of “push” and “pull” systems in order to make their own logistic activities more effective, in view of attaining their projected strategic objectives. In the current article we try to briefly address the “push” and “pull”systems within the Supply Chain Management, setting off from the concrete demands of consumers/users in the economic and military fields.
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In a modern society, the issues of sustainable development have evolved on different levels, from the new global frameworks over governmental policies to the new business models. In the 1980s, the term sustainable development emerged from the relationship between preserving the planet and meeting human needs (IUCN, 1980). The general idea behind the concept of sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (United Nations General Assembly, 1987). As one of the main challenges in economics and business, the concept of sustainable development has also emerged in the wide area of business economics. The aim of this paper is to provide an extensive literature overview dealing with the concept of sustainable development within a field of business economics. For the purpose of the analysis a bibliometric approach with multiple correspondence analyses has been used on the Web of Science Core Collection database for the observed period of ten years. The results illustrate the importance of sustainable development as a topic, as well as wide range of approaches and variety of sub-topics linked to the concept of sustainable development in business and economics literature.
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In the academic year 2015-2016 at CTU in Prague, Faculty of Transportation Sciences carried out in a more traditional "Vlček seminars", which take place intermittently since 1999. The purpose of the seminars is to look for new, innovative impulses, systems approach to problem solving, organize knowledges and insights on systems engineering tools and objectives and possible areas of their application. The methodological basis is constructive theory of systems, presented by prof. Jaroslav Vlček.
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This paper shows the results of the conducted primary survey on functionality of cost systems in manufacturing companies of Tuzla Canton (hereinafter “TC”). This paper assesses their adequacy to the needs of these companies: the present needs, and the ones that will be brought by the changes in the environment. These systems have to be up-to-date, as they influence the process of cost management, which is the key factor of companies’ adaptation to the conditions of a modern market. Cost management, which is based on the information of a cost system, enables the company to take the adequate stand towards customers on markets and toward their competition. Also, the quality cost informations a precondition for effective and efficient allocation of limited resources in a transitional period of society development. Therefore, only quality designed cost system in transitional economy will enable recovery, and then, growth and development of a company. This emphasizes the importance of research of the stated issues for transitional countries. The research results should also help to persuade the management about the need to modernize the operation organization, primarily the accounting function, mainly in the part of cost system organization. The determined defects, as well as deviances in relation to current needs for information about costs, are guidelines for an adequate process of redesigning cost systems in companies of transitional economy. This paper shows the results of the conducted primary survey on functionality of cost systems in manufacturing companies of Tuzla Canton (hereinafter “TC”). This paper assesses their adequacy to the needs of these companies: the present needs, and the ones that will be brought by the changes in the environment. These systems have to be up-to-date, as they influence the process of cost management, which is the key factor of companies’ adaptation to the conditions of a modern market. Cost management, which is based on the information of a cost system, enables the company to take the adequate stand towards customers on markets and toward their competition. Also, the quality cost information is a precondition for effective and efficient allocation of limited resources in a transitional period of society development. Therefore, only quality designed cost system in transitional economy will enable recovery, and then, growth and development of a company. This emphasizes the importance of research of the stated issues for transitional countries. The research results should also help to persuade the management about the need to modernize the operation organization, primarily the accounting function, mainly in the part of cost system organization. The determined defects, as well as deviances in relation to current needs for information about costs, are guidelines for an adequate process of redesigning cost systems in companies of transitional economy.
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The original orientation of Systems Engineering on hard technological systems is still prevailing. But an advanced respect to a design and redesign of sociocultural systems is necessary. The notion of the social system is well known since the 20th century from excellent works of Parsons, Luhmann, Habermas, Bourdieu, Foucault, etc. The contribution selects some fundamental ideas on social systems from philosophy and sociology of modernity for the purposes of an up-to-date Systems Engineering and it shows their incorporation in significant system studies on design of sociocultural systems in the Czech Republic. This is thesis of the 45th Conference on Systems Engineering (SYSIN 2014).
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The article delves into the judgement of the General Court in the Trajektna case. The essential problem therein concerns a possibility to declare an assessment of market behaviour under national competition law as tantamount to an assessment under EU antitrust law. The very issue in this context is that domestic rules are equivalent to those in the Treaty. Nonetheless, such an approach may raise doubts since merely literal correlation does not suffice to render both legal bases exchangeable. Another relevant aspect is leaving a space to manoeuvre for national courts to act when the proceedings are carried out before them. This is indeed legitimate through the lens of the principle of loyalty with regard to the cooperation between national courts and the European Commission.
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Regardless of the type and size of a company, a prerequisite for successful business operation, which involves complex activities, is having various skills and competencies, knowledge and resources. Engaging in entrepreneurship requires a combination of legal knowledge and knowledge in areas such as management, economics, psychology, art and many others. Knowledge in the field of economics inevitably includes accounting knowledge, which is essential for the functioning of any company. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to what extent entrepreneurs in the Osijek-Baranja County outsource accounting services, how they select accounting service providers and to what extent the accounting knowledge they had before undertaking an entrepreneurial venture affects the choice of an accounting service provider. A structured questionnaire is used to explore the effect of (prior)knowledge of accounting on the selection of accounting service providers. The target population are micro, small and medium-sized enterprises operating in the Osijek-Baranja County area. The objective of the research is to gather information on the entrepreneurs’ (prior)knowledge of accounting, the ways of selecting accounting service providers and the possible influence of recommendations on their choice. The survey results provide an insight into how accounting service providers attract clients, which factors are decisive in choosing an accounting service provider and whether the entrepreneurs’ (prior)knowledge affects the outsourcing of accounting services.
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În prezent capacitatea de utilizare a actualului pod Giurgiu-Russe este redusă la 22%. Ca urmare începând cu anul 1999 s-a reluat ideea realizării acestui Proiect, a cărei denumire sugestivă ,,BALKAN-TUNEL” a prezentat un interes deosebit atât la SUMMIT-ul internaţional de dezvoltare durabilă de la Johanesburg (26 august - 4 septembrie 2002) cât şi la Conferinţele europene de dezvoltare economică a bazinului Dunării de la Bucureşti–România (8-9 octombrie 2003), Budapesta– Ungaria (8-9 mai 2006) şi Belgrad–Republica Serbia (10-11 noiembrie 2005).
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The article is a concise work which contains the most significant issues from the field of withdrawing form the consumer’s sales agreement. The author of the article conducts a detailed analysis of a very crucial prerequisite related to withdrawing from such an agreement, i.e. “exposure to a considerable inconvenience”. The author is of the opinion that the period itself, when the consumer does not have the product he has bought, due to e.g. complaint, is a great inconvenience however it is not yet a considerable one. Following the analysis, the author conducted, he draws de lege ferenda conclusion, for the legislator to ease the conditions when the withdrawal is possible, without a considerable inconvenience aspect as well as for the legislator to specify the maximum time to settle the complaint issue, leaving at the same time the appropriate time to deal with it.
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The article discusses 100 days of the Act of 15th December 2016 on combating the unfair use of superior bargaining power in the trade in agricultural and food products. The Author describes cases that the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (referred as the President of UOKIK) is currently dealing with, along with other instruments used as a tool in combating unfair practices. The next issue tackled is the cooperation of the President of UOKiK with other relevant bodies in the context of handled cases and a possible legislation process. Afterwards the Author analyses the popularization of the Act among the public and the obstacles encountered in its application. The Author stresses that, at this moment, it seems to be crucial to find an accurate meaning of the term ‘public interest’ used in the context of the Act and a flexible approach to the scope of practices described as unfair (keeping in mind economic analyses). As a result, the Author states that despite the very short time the Act has been in force, numerous actions have already been taken. Still, the Act contains ambiguous terms that should be elaborated by the judiciary and the doctrine
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The paper makes an attempt at description of the impact of monetary integration on the most important macroeconomic indicators of the Euro area against the background of those countries which retained their national currency. As the main indicator describing changeability of economic growth in the EU countries the author assumed the average annual real GDP growth calculated in relation to the base value of GDP in 2003. The profile of payment balance (BPM5) of selected countries focuses on relations resulting from financing of trade turnover account balance by balance of the financial account and, particularly on direct and portfolio investments. The analysis was conducted in the context of basic relationships from the theory of the optimum payment area.
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Around the globe observations demonstrate that the countries with expected near- future- inflation, unsustainable ballooning government spending and expected recession head towards a financial crisis unless significant policy transformations take place convincingly and before late. And whilst the recent sharp increase in advanced country sovereign debts has led to serious concerns about fiscal sustainability as well as their broader economic and financial market impacts, research on the relationship between sovereign or public debt and economic growth remains sparse, particularly from an empirical perspective. To avoid another chaotic catastrophe the trends of the sovereign debt and macroeconomic performance of countries needs to be watched closely. The projection of the future patterns based on the past and current trends are imperative since it will provide adequate safety net before another financial calamity arrives. Needless to say if the extent of sovereign debt for a nation is too large to finance and service, bankruptcy is very likely to occur and by then there will be little motivation for other countries to cooperate with the system in finding an immediate solution.
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The world has entered a period of intense globalization, especially after the 1980s. After this process, international economic, political and cultural relationships have increased. The biggest impact of globalization on the economy has been the increase in foreign direct investments. In this study, the effects of foreign direct investment on developing country economies were tried to be analyzed by panel data analysis. Economic growth has been affected foreign direct investments in the negative direction, foreign direct investments have been affected fixed capital investments in the positive direction have been achieved by this study for the base period.
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The aim of this article is a synthetic presentation of the results of the assessment of the current state of the Polish real estate market, achieved after twenty-five years of its functioning in the conditions of market economy. The assessment was based on the SWOT analysis method in which supplementally, for the quantification of individual factors characterising the market, the method of Geneva (indicator method) was used. It was estimated that in 2014 the sum of: • positive characteristics reached a total of 175 points compared to 200 possible (the Polish real estate market does not use approximately 12.5% of the value associated mainly with stimulating demand and the activation of our market for foreign investors); • negative characteristics reached a total of 105 points out of 200 possible (the Polish real estate market is facing the neutralisation of a half of imperfections, resulting mainly from the poor economic condition of households, poor land management in urban areas).
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During the last 25 years, the Estonian economy has transitioned from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented, globally open, highly competitive economy. Although during these years there has been fast growth and Estonians could tell a lot of success stories, research shows that management practices are still less advanced compared to those in enterprises from developed countries. Increased competition, openness and innovation increased the significance of more sophisticated management control systems (MCS). Researchers accentuate the role of managers and their education and training in using and developing more sophisticated MCS in companies. The objective of the current paper is to better understand how changes in the business environment, managerial training and education are connected to developments in MCS in Estonia. This article provides an overview of the statistics and studies completed in Estonia over the last 25 years. As this study shows, the last decade has brought a different level of internationalization and development in the business environment and business education. The problems associated with developments in MCS, using cloud technology, business education and managerial training are the same in Estonia as in developed countries. To develop the business and economic environment in the country, Estonian entrepreneurs need high-level data processing, analytical and financial education, and practical training courses.
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Maintaining high market share in the logistic business of express delivery servicess re quires continuous monitoring of technologies and innovation' implementation in business sector where the main contracting entities operate.
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