Predicting Job Strain with Psychological Hardiness, Organizational Support, Job Control and Work Overload: An Evaluation of Karasek’s DCS Model

Author(s): Seçil Bal TAŞTAN / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

This study focused on the investigation of how personal and situational factors and work related outcomes are associated. the study was built on "Karasek's Model of Job Strain" called as DCS Model (Demand-Control-Support). It is aimed to assess haw psychological hardiness, organizational support, job control and work overload are related with perceived job strain. in order to test the propositions of the study, an empirical study was performed in Turkey among the employees working in banking & finance organizations. According to the findings, psychological hardiness had moderate negative relationship with job strain, organizational support had strong negative relationship with job strain, job Control had strong negative relationship and work overload had strong positive relationship with job strain. The research findings were evaluated with their conceptual and practical implications.

A munkaerő-piaci szenzitivitás. Új módszer a magyarországi munkaerőpiac területi, térszerkezeti kérdéseinek feltárásában

Author(s): Levente Alpek,Róbert Tésits / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 04/2014

A foglalkoztatás területi koncentrációjának változásai Magyarországon a népszámlálások ingázási adatai alapján, 1990–2011

Author(s): János Péter Kiss,Gábor Szalkai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2014

Commuting, an outstandingly important phenomenon of modern labour market and spatial flow research, is surveyed only at population censuses. The present paper reviews the process of increasing spatial separation between the residence and the working place in the period of 1960–2011. After giving and overview about the problems in interpretation of data on commuting, the paper details underlying general and periodically changing reasons, taking a standpoint for a modernization trend, which represents the expansion of labour division and slackening of the majority of settlements’ labour markets. Impacts of the transitions after 1990 on the size of commuting are analyzed in detail. It is shown why the opinion is incorrect that labour market pinch after the change of the regime concerned commuters most. The coherence between the growth of commuting volume and the level of employment, just like the high regional differences are also shown for the period after the turn of the millennium. Finally, the analysis of data of 2011 describes the main reasons for differences in commuting pattern, factors of partial shifts in commuting destinations, among others also the rapid growth in migration abroad after accession to the Schengen Treaty.

Helyi munkaerő-piaci vonzáskörzetek az ezredforduló utáni Magyarországon

Author(s): János Pénzes,Ernő Molnár,Gábor Pálóczi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2014

The current research puts the issue of functional urban regions (or districts) into the focus delimited by the commuting network of employees. The local labour system (LLS) provided a specific dimension of this complex approach however it is one of the most adequate possibilities to delineate these areas of commuting. The delimitation process consisted of two steps with the separation of employment centres and with the assignment of settlements to these cores. The alteration of the LLS pattern was also analysed as the investigation was carried out by the census data from 2001 and 2011. The results provided a comprehensive overview about the process of territorial concentration and the instability of peripheral areas. Significant regional disparities of commuting came to light as the consequence of the body of settlement network. The territorial division of the country provided by LLS pattern is fitting to the new and integrated European approach of cities and their hinterlands but it is not alternative against other administrative or statistical divisions of Hungary. However this territorial point of view is in closer relation to the issues of analysing the local labour market processes or the developments targeting the increase in employment.

Az európai várostérségek és a járműipar régiók fejlettsége

Author(s): Zoltán Csizmadia,Andrea Uszkai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2014

The main objective of the paper is to overview the development differences of the European urban areas, with special regard to the settlements with automotive industry. The paper can be divided into two main analyses. The first one summarizes main features of the European urban areas in the size category of 50-500 thousands of population. The second analysis focuses on the main characteristics of the automotive industry settlements in the EU-28, ignoring the number of the population. The other aim of the paper is to find the position of Győr among the European urban areas with population between 50-500 thousands, and among settlements with the automotive industry, with special regard to Hungarian automotive cities. In the focus of the study there stand structural features of their development. The used method was cluster analysis, especially based on NUTS-3 data of Eurostat database and population data of cities according to a German database (citypopulation.de).

A vidéki agglomerációk társadalmi–gazdasági jellemzői

Author(s): Dániel Szilágyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2014

In Hungary rapid agglomeration process started in the fifties, and concerned mainly the capital and its environs. In the seventies the settlement network significantly changed, functional connections reinforced thus creating versatile settlement clusters. One decade later spatial delimitation started. The latest such delimitation was made in 2014. The aim of the analysis is to introduce the position of these areas in the socio-economic spatial structure of the country, and to enlighten the differences between individual units.

THE BENEFITS OF THE COMPANY REGARDING THE INVESTMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCE

Author(s): Irina-Ştefana Cibotariu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Preparation and knowledge in economic and financial field of management is crucial to profitability, the market place and the company's long existence. The problem arises when these mandatory knowledge seem to be much less significant and are treated by those who direct the activities of a company. The terms conventional or modern used to describe types of finances refer to finance based theories of reason and logic, such as the value of capital assets, or assumption of market efficiency. These theories assume that people in most cases have a rational and predictable behaviour. Relevance of finance can be used to explain the illogic of financial behaviour. It is understood that those who benefit financially from providing additional working hours are overwhelmed by a sense of loss of money by paying additional taxes. From here we can show the tendency of investors in stock market to retain shares too weak and to sell profitable actions to quickly. The logical manner would be to retain profitable actions for a longer period of time and to heal those weak to avoid increasing losses. For those who do not have knowledge in the field, but practice a profession based on financial and economic activity experience difficulty in obtaining consistent and long-term profit.

Kultura profesjonalizmu w zarządzaniu zasobami ludzkimi

Author(s): Piotr Górski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 429/2016

The objective of the article is to present the issues of culture of professionalism and its application to human resource management. The challenges to human resource management, presented in the article, show the changes of value systems which in turn lead to changes of psychological contract and weakening the sense of loyalty to the organization. The change of psychological contract consists in replacing the relational type of contract by transactional and, in the case of professionals, the loyalty toward organizations by the identifications with professional competencies. The Engagement Management, proposed by Polish authors, links with a culture of professionalism but culture of professionalism entails strong feeling of work autonomy and loyalty to professional group. Adopting the culture of professionalism to management of organizations employing other employees than professionals, entails the danger of manipulation.

Does the professional activity of older workers contribute to youth unemployment?

A cross-section study of European countries

Author(s): Filip Chybalski,Edyta Marcinkiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2014

Considering the most recent changes in the pension systems in Europe, this article aims to evaluate whether there is any relationship between the employment rates of older cohorts and the employment and unemployment rates in the youngest cohorts of a productive age. Its key finding is that there is no evidence that would indicate that the lower professional activity of older people is accompanied by higher employment and lower unemployment among young people. On the contrary, the study reveals that the higher the labour force participation among the elderly, the better the situation for young cohorts in the labour market. As demonstrated by the results of our empirical research, factors such as unfavourable demographics and the inefficiency of government policy aiming at stimulating the development of the labour market influence the prospects of young people entering this market.

Straight-Time and Overtime: A Sequential-Lottery Approach

Author(s): Aleksandar Vasilev / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2016

ДЕМОГРАФСКИТЕ ПРОЦЕСИ В БЪЛГАРИЯ - ФАКТОР ЗА ДИФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯТА МЕЖДУ ГРАДСКИТЕ И СЕЛСКИ ТЕРИТОРИИ

Author(s): Antoaneta Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

The intensity of the development of demographic processes in Bulgaria is different in towns and villages of the country. In recent decades there has been increasing differentiation in the reproduction of the population in both types of settlement formations, which gradually transformed into differentiation in the age structure of the population. In this article, follow the main processes of natural and mechanical movement of the population from the beginning of the last century to the first decade of the twenty-first century and its impact on the population structure in urban and rural areas of the country.

ПАЗАРЪТ НА ТРУДА: ЕВРОПЕЙСКИ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ И РЕГИОНАЛНИ ПРОБЛЕМИ

Author(s): Stanka Rinkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2005

The condition of the national labor market is analyzed in this article. A comparison between the main national labor markets indexes and the European market indexes is made. The main aspects for improving the employment policy and decreasing the unemployment level are discussed. In the second part is analyzed the regional labor market. The region of Blagoevgrad, the main existing problems and their solutions are given as an example.

РАЗВИТИЕ НА ЧОВЕШКИТЕ РЕСУРСИ ЧРЕЗ ДИСТАНЦИОННО ОН-ЛАЙН ОБУЧЕНИЕ

Author(s): Anton Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2005

In the present article the development of the human factor is examined by means of online education such as “open learning” and “distance learning”. It is usually voluntary and takes part of the personal spare time. Today the education and development are ranging over not only the development of the managing staff but also all the human resources.The interest of the organizations toward online education and the development of the human resources have its deep reasons, caused by some of the features of the present economics. On the first place is the increasing competitiveness between the subjects in combination with permanent changes of the legislative basis and the organizational-managerial structures. Second place with not less significance is the adopting of new technique and technology. Last but not least the modern labour market is changing influenced by the demographical tendencies; accelerated aging of the human knowledge and skills etc. The aim of the recent working out is to reveal the essence, advantages and disadvantages of the on-line education in comparison with the traditional forms of education, as well as to show the possibilities of its wider application in the development of the human factor. The short historical review of its development is made till the very contemporary forms of the online education. It is combining the latest scientific achievements of the human thought and technology. That is a contemporary method of education which increasingly will draw the attention because of its advantages. Through on-line education it will be allowed faster and opportune assimilation of the good world practices, introducing of the modern technologies, knowledge, skills and experience. That is the way that it can be saved time and money and to increase the economical results.

РАБОТНАТА ЗАПЛАТА – МОТИВАТОР НА „КОМПЛЕКСНИЯ ЧОВЕК”

Author(s): Dilyana Yaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2006

The question all the companies are faced with is their own personnel and his constant and high effective economical behavior. Company’s external and internal environment inevitably influence over the dynamics of personnel’s motivation. Its motivation is of primary for the managers. The examination of multitude theories and models brings to contemporary factors which determine the behavior of “complex person”. Structure, dynamics and level of payment are basic motivators of person who strive for satisfaction both his physical and spiritual needs.

ГЪВКАВОСТ НА ПАЗАРА НА ТРУДА В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Mariana Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2007

The present paper reviews the condition and the tendencies in the development of the Labour Market Flexibility in Bulgaria. Basic positionsare being presented in regard to the degree of flexibility of the separate elements of the labour market. The factors which influence the increase in the adaptability of the different types of employment are being analyzes with reference to the country’s membership in the European Union and the perspective for a diminishing of workforce in the country.

EMPLOYMENT TENDENCIES IN ALBANIA

CHANGES AND STRUCTURAL MOVEMENTS

Author(s): Frederik Çuçllari,Mirela Cini / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2008

Lisbon strategy offers a unique possibility to be transformed in a modern creative innovative economy with a dynamic business environment, with a qualified labor force followed by a strong social model. The future of Albania is not out of European structures. The integration in EU is the main and most essential aspect of total development of Albania. The main goal of economic policies is the growth of well being through the increase of the total employment. Economic environment is the most important determiner of the results of the labor market. Albania, one of the few countries, which has had a high and sustainable growth with about 6% in five years, is passing a positive economic “momentum”. Although it has had continuous growth of GDP for years, employment performance reflects a moderate behavior. The reduction of the unemployment is small in an absolute value and in a relative phrase. The opening of the hew work places has been very slow. A high level of employmentis important not only for the individual but also for the society and it is critic to achieve demographic challenges and to support the social well-being. Employment level of Albania 60% is much lower than Lisbon objectives. The labor force in Albania is increasing and it may be an important resource for economic growth in the future. The realization of this potential will require important improvements and the quality of the labor force and the efficiency of labor market; in the contrary this will aggravate more the unemployment problem.

THE ECVET SYSTEM AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR EMPLOYMENT SECURITY IN THE EMU

Author(s): Björn Paape,Iwona Kiereta / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2008

The introduction of the ECVET (European Credit System for Vocational Education and Training) is the logical continuation of the Bologna Decree of 1999, according to which, amongst other things, the harmonization of the European education systems – and consequently the mobility of European job seekers - is to be promoted.On the basis of the European economic integration process, in particular via the introduction of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and the currently unfavourable situation of the labour market, we elucidate the need for action with regard to the implementation of the ECVET. The focus of our observations is thereby on the necessity of the mobility of the production factor “labour”. In conclusion, first potential solutions for dealing with the problems of implementation are given.

АНАЛИЗ НА ТРУДОВИЯ ПАЗАР В БЪЛГАРИЯ ЗА ЕРИОДА 2000- 2007 ГОДИНА И РАЗРАБОТВАНЕ НА МЕРКИ СРЕЩУ БЕЗРАБОТИЦАТА В УСЛОВИЯТА НА СВЕТОВНА ФИНАНСОВА КРИЗА

Author(s): Anton Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2009

The labour market in Bulgaria for the period 2000 - 2007 has been analyzed. Some of the active programs and measures for labour encouragement in Bulgaria are examined, in the a spect of their efficiency. It is taken notice of the tendencies of the development of the labour market, both nationally and worldwide, under the conditions of world financial crisis and growing unemployment

RISK FACTORS OF THE DRIVER’S WORK IN THE TRAFFIC SYSTEM

Author(s): Marek Rybakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Events and hazardous situations in road transport, breakdowns and even disasters during the transport of dangerous goods, pose a potential threat to human life and health, to the people working in the transport - drivers and the natural environment. This article presents some problems concerning the transport of dangerous goods on the basis of statistical data. The Author defines the risk in transport, as an indicator of the state or event that may lead to losses. The types of risks and their levels in road transport are specified herein. The key point in the article is the identification of hazards and safety factors of the driver’s work in the system of road traffic in the own assessment of the author. The article ends by an overall picture of risks in the road transport of dangerous goods.

От пригодност за труд към професионално майсторство: психологически и педагогически условия

Author(s): Luchyan Milkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Profession and practice occupy about 50% of human life in modern developed societies. In Bulgaria the percentage is even greater, due to the relatively low life expectancy for men and women. We believe that because it is a mistake to lose so many years, funds, intellectual, mental and physical energy to a profession that does not bring satisfaction to the individual. The correct choice of profession allows to realize their own potential, to avoid disappointment, to ensure equity and family life financially. Every profession, even the most interesting and beloved requires effort, tension.