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"Baby Boom" generacije na pragu penzionisanja

Author(s): Jelena Stojilković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2010

Sudden increase in the number of live births after the Second World War due to an increase in fertility rates has led to the formation of cohorts with specific characteristics or baby boom generation. This generation is unique in the history of the demographic phenomenon that has affected and affects the functioning of many segments of society. The aim of this paper is to assess structure of baby boomers who are few years away from retirement, using demographic data. Impact of baby boomer age structure of current and future retirees is described with a graphical display of current and projected age pyramid of baby boomers. Demographic pattern that women live longer than men is evident in the projected pyramid. In addition, the number of baby boomers will lead to a "younger" old population. The imbalance in the number of men and women pensioners, as well as older cohorts of women and female baby boomers was analysed. As a result, an increasing trend of women's age pensioners who are members of the baby boom generation was clearly observed, which is opposite to the older cohort of women who often were family pensioners. Different circumstances and conditions in which female boomers lived and worked will form a new "pension model" because they will gain their benefits as well as men, for the first time in significant number, unlike their mothers, which gained the right to retire after they become widows. Number of women age pensioners is getting greater compering to men, as the result of changes in the economic activities of women in the last half of the 20th century. When baby boomers retire and exit the working population, this will create a vacuum, because the numerically smaller generations will enter working population, while the sudden and very shortly, the number of population older than 60 or 65 will increase, most of them will likely to acquire the right to a pension. It is undeniable that baby boomers had impact on demographic structure, but also on society as a whole. They have been extremely important factor of development of our country during their working career, they are healthier then previous generation and many of them possess the knowledge and experience gained by the years, so rigid prediction of future changes that will produce the retirement of this generation has no excuses. Retired baby boom generation will perhaps lead to new, better way of life in old age.

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"Employee of the Month" in Romania: a Study on Perceptions

Author(s): Sabina Irimie,Bianca Armean / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2012

An important and complex problem of labor economics in general and of human resource management in particular, is to effectively motivate employees. At the current juncture, under the spectrum of economic crisis, the controversies of theoretical and practical interest such as the importance of the money, the relationship between motivation, satisfaction and performance at work, are more pronounced and more focused on non-financial forms of motivation. At least in part, this is because the usual ways of saving costs in today's organizations seem to aim primarily the expenses on staff (wages, rewards, training funds and so on). In this context, the paper aims to highlight the perceptions of employees on the program "Employee of the Month", as it was implemented in a Romanian organization (in a hybrid approach, combining monetary rewards and recognition awards specific to most common forms of program). Thus, the main results of our study reflect the opinions of people involved in this program, and allow us to sketch some possible changes based on the feedback from employees, in order to further improve the effectiveness of the program.

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A Country with non-Existent Unemployment. The Special Characteristics of the Czech Labour Market

Author(s): Krzysztof Dębiec / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2019

Since 2016, the Czech Republic has had the lowest unemployment rate among all EU member states (cf. Chart 1). In mid-2017, it overtook Japan to reach the top position in the ranking of OECD member states. This situation adversely affects companies which are looking for ways to cope with workforce shortages. One solution is the automation of production processes, but employers are also appealing for the country to become more open to receiving immigrant workers, above all from Ukraine. The trade unions are opposed to this, fearing that an influx of workers from other countries will slow down the rate of increase of wages. At the same time, there is a debate in the Czech Republic about the degree to which the present economic model contributes to the country catching up with the Western economies and what should be done to speed up the convergence.

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A Glimpse on Gender Inequality in Paid and Unpaid Works During Pandemic Times

Author(s): Cristina Mocanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2020

The paper aims to analyse the different challenges that the pandemic crises and lockdown measures have on women lives and works. Pandemic crises ask for carrying activities, both paid and unpaid, works that are usually done by women. The focus of the paper is on the impact of the apparently gender-neutral measures adopted by the Romanian government on the lives and careers of women. We find women as majority both in the frontline services, but also in the sectors that are most affected by lockdown measures. Also we find women as major caregivers in their families, as mothers or grandmothers. Starting with the challenges that we are all currently facing, the last part of the paper aims to portrait the gender roles after lockdown ends and economic crises will take the place.

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A Phenomenological Study of Employee Perceptions of Managerial Behaviors as Personal Enactments of Organizational Culture

Author(s): Joanna Małgorzata Michalak,Robert J. Ristino / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2013

Using a phenomenological methodology, this research study examines the phenomenon of organizational culture through the perceptions of those who experience it. Rather than studying how organizational culture affects organizational behavior and success, the researchers focus on employee perceptions of culture as a consequence of experiences with managerial behaviors as personal enactments of culture. The notion of personal enactments is drawn from the work of Edgar Schein. Schein [1985] has identified three levels of organizational culture: artifacts, values and beliefs. Among artifacts, Schein identifies the personal enactments of organizational values by senior managers as one of the more important. The researchers derived the data describing these personal enactments from 20 volunteer subjects reporting in self-administered questionnaires their experiences with managerial behaviors. Respondent perceptions are described in their own words, conveying their understandings, feelings, emotions and behaviors. Responses are categorized into units of relevant meaning, organized into clusters of similar meaning and then into themes. From these themes the researchers draw some insights and understanding of how system actors both live and experience culture in an organizational setting.

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Acquiring knowledge workers in organizations

Author(s): Halina Sobocka-Szczapa / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Motivation: In modern enterprises, the basic meaning — in connection with the depletion of other capital resources, and especially natural resources — is the knowledge that determines the value of human capital used in organizations. Very often, therefore, we are currently meeting the term economy based on knowledge, which means the ability of the economy to absorb and simultaneously generate processes related to shaping the competencies of human resources. It is extremely important to verify the relationship between the organization and the labor market as a source of knowledge workers acquisition. The importance of knowledge management in contemporary organizations is the result of the appearance of people with such a unique level of knowledge that they usually decide about the success of the organization’s activities. They are known as knowledge workers. Acquiring knowledge workers is now a must for all organizations, and their management.Aim: The main objective of the study is to present the category of knowledge workers in the context of knowledge management and the possibility of acquiring such employees by modern organizations. The method used in the study is a study review of the literature and statistical analysis of databases.Results: The added value of the analysis is the indication of the relationship between the situation on the labor market and the availability of knowledge workers for companies.

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Adjustment of Expatriates and Their Spouses as a Challenge for International Human Resource Management

Author(s): Joanna Purgał-Popiela / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2011

International expansion of any organisation is undoubtedly determined by the availability of motivated, competent and mobile employees, especially the expatriates whose performance is crucial when entering new markets. Research evidence, however, suggests that expatriate failure rates have remained moderately high. The important source of such a problem is delegated employees’ and/or their families’ inability to adjust in a host country. Increasing the importance of expatriates’ spouses/partners adjustment in the context of continuing internationalization and dual-career issues creates new challenges for organizations. Those challenges need to be identified and faced up to by HR professionals. The paper discusses the above-mentioned problem; it aims to identify current developments and focuses on their consequences for international human resource management practice.

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ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT MEASURES TAKEN BY THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ROMANIA TO CONTRACT THE EFFECTS OF COVID ON THE LABOR MARKET

Author(s): Brînduşa-Mihaela Radu / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2020

The spread of COVID-19 and the drastic blockages that followed led to the placement of economies and labor markets around the world in a state of emergency. Governments are fighting to protect jobs and businesses. Some of the measures identified and implemented are short-term telework and support for companies and the self-employed. The epidemic caused by coronavirus poses a threat to the European economy and to the living standards of its citizens. In the short term, this means an extreme disruption of citizens and labor markets, as countries impose travel restrictions and blockages at the national level to slow the spread of the virus and prevent overwhelming health services. Governments need to find great ways to protect workers and their economies from financial hardship and potential collapse (Sohrabi et al., 2020). The recession seems inevitable. Citizens themselves also face exceptional limitations on their movements, which could have overwhelming effects on their health and well-being. But the full effects of the crisis are still unknown and could last for many years.

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APPROACHES TO CHANGE IN MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS

Author(s): Elena Cocoș / Language(s): English / Issue: 9/2014

Change is not something new; it was and is a feature of human existence and history. We all know that without change there is no life and people's efforts to obtain better living conditions involves adapting to change. The process of adapting to changes that happen in military organization, involves accumulation of new knowledge, approach some tasks differently, improving skills, values and attitudes in organizations work style or work habits change.

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Are Engaged Employees More Satisfied and Personally Attached? A Process Model Approach

Author(s): Muhammad Musarrat Nawaz,Rizwan Qaiser Danish,Sidra Ramzan,Farid Ahmad / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The attractiveness of employee engagement between business employees has motivated numerous practitioner studies. But, those studies have been performing from the finance or marketing point of view. However, organizational behaviour point of view limited theoretical studies have been conducted, particularly how employee engagement important for employees. The purpose of this research was to investigate what are the consequences of employee engagement in service sector of Pakistan. The collection of data has been done through questionnaire which was prepared to gauge the variables. Overall 301 useable questionnaires are used from which average age and working experience are 25-29 years and 2-5 years respectively whereas on the flip side 67 percent respondents are said to be male. The results of multiple regression analysis and confirmatory factor analysis strongly support the hypothesized relationships. Human resources department of the Service sector may implement the findings of this research to enhance the employee engagement in their respective organizations.

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Are Romanian Employees Satisfied with their Jobs and with the Performance Evaluation Process? An Empirical Analysis based on Gender Differences

Author(s): Alexandra Beiu,Adriana Ana Maria Davidescu / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

The paper aims to identify the degree of satisfaction of Romanian employees highlighting the most important motivating factors and also to analyse the satisfaction related to the performance evaluation process using the results of an empirical research based on gender differences for a sample of 301 employees from micro, small, medium and also large companies. The main research questions of the study are: there are some significant differences regarding the employees’ satisfaction and its main determinants-the gender role? What about the differences among Romanian employees regarding the perceptions about the performance evaluation process?In order to respond to these questions, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney) were used.The empirical results revealed that if most of the employees declared to be somehow satisfied with their jobs, they tend to be also satisfied with their salaries, this factor being also the least a short-term motivating factor. At the opposite side, workplace comfort, bonuses and workplace stability were considered to be the most important factors in the process of achieving motivation of Romanian employees.

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ASSESSMENT OF STAFF INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCES IN HEALTH CARE ORGANISATIONS

Author(s): Rimantas Stašys,Ligita Šimanskienė,Jurgita Paužuolienė / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2017

As a consequence of globalisation, people's mobility has been increasing, which brought cultural diversity to a number of countries of the world, therefore intercultural competences became a particularly important research object in organisation management. Scientific literature is rich in publications on the topic, however, the latter problem and its specificity has been insufficiently studied in health care organisations whose performance is especially important for each patient and the cost of errors, possibly caused also by insufficient intercultural competences, may be very great. The conducted research justifies the meaning and significance of intercultural competences in health care organisations and identifies the principal problems in organisations faced when communicating in an intercultural environment. The development of intercultural competences was not sufficiently promoted in health care organisations, leaving that to the staff's responsibility. Quite a few of health care services providers had a poor knowledge of etiquette and did not know much about the customs and traditions of other countries.

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ATTITUDINAL PERSPECTIVE ON UNDERSTANDING INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR WITHIN ORGANISATIONS

Author(s): Aura Codreanu / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2011

Taking into account the roles played by an individual within an organisation as a subordinate, peer,manager/ superior and the attitudes and behavior triggered by this, it becomes more than an obviousnecessity to conduct a literature review on the relationship between attitudes, beliefs, behavior within anorganizational context. Thus, a clear understanding of the aforementioned can be of further use inundertaking organizational processes such as: recruitment, employment, induction, and herein in aligningindividual behaviour to group and organisational behaviour. Consequently, the aim of this article is to carryout such an investigation by highlighting those aspects pertaining to a better understanding of individuals ’behaviour within organizations.

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Badanie efektywności zespołów projektowych według modelu Belbina na przykładzie dużych projektów budowlano–montażowych

Author(s): Katarzyna Marek-Kołodziej,Iwona Łapuńka / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5.2/2015

The purpose of this paper is to present the research results conducted for the development of project teams and competencies of its members on the example of large construction and assembly projects in one of the enterprises in the Opole province. Due to the nature of research were used uncontrolled observation and interview techniques and Belbin test. This allowed to more fully illustrate the progress in the implementation of construction and assembly projects, and above all indicate irregularities in the project team members selection, including managers. As a result of the research was noted a lack of focus on social and personal competencies arising from natural human predisposition in the selection of project team members. Excessively exposed managerial, professional and technical competencies emphasize the scale of the problem in the functioning of the employees as a team, which is a conglomerate of various team roles and behavioral and interpersonal skills.

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Best Practices in the Employment of Knowledge Workers 65 Plus – Socio-Economic, Employees and Employers Approach

Author(s): Grażyna Bartkowiak / Language(s): English / Issue: 2.3/2016

The question of this paper is the issue of the employment of knowledge workers 65 and over. Article seeks to obtain answers to the questions: how does the socio-economic situation concerning the employment of mature workers as well as good practices that can be used and are currently used for the employment of knowledge workers 65 and over. The study is composed of two parts: theoretical, in which the author analyzes the socio-economic aspects related to the employment of workers 65 and over as well as good practices in the employment of this type of staff and presenting empirical results of empirical research conducted on a group of 283 entrepreneurs and executives, on the proposed and actually implemented best practices in the employment of knowledge workers 65 and over.

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Bezpieczne i higieniczne warunki pracy w wiązce celów i oczekiwań pracowniczych

Author(s): Andrzej Brzeziński / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 7.1/2015

The article is a continuation of work pertaining to employees as stakeholders of organizations. The analysis of this piece focuses on importance of safe and healthy work conditions, and their place with relation to employee goals and expectations. In this regard, results of research carried out on a finite dataset of workers were used, as well as results of outside research studies. At the outset, an initial outline was developed with fundamental obligations of the employer in regard to Occupational Safety & Health, where later, the results of the research displayed the degree to which employee expectations were achieved. These also gave a certain Occupation Safety & Health barometer of the enterprises hereto analyzed.

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BOARD STRUCTURE AND BANK PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM SERBIAN BANKING SECTOR

Author(s): Verica Babić,Jelena Nikolić,Marijana Simić / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2020

Traditional perspective relying on agency theory is based on the assumption that the board structure, as an internal corporate governance mechanism, determines board effectiveness and, therefore, financial performance. Board size, board composition and leadership structure are distinguished as relevant variables of the board structure. Since the results of previous empirical studies are often contradictory, examining the correlation between board structural characteristics and corporate performance is a relevant research question, particularly in banking sector. In order to improve effectiveness of internal corporate governance mechanism, and consequently bank performance, the main research objective is to identify the impact of the board size and the board composition on bank performance in the Republic of Serbia using the CAMELS model. We analyze this relation using Ordinary Least Squares regression analysis on balanced panel data-set of 54 observations. The paper contributes to recent research efforts by making conclusions on the effects of board structure on bank performance, in order to define recommendations for improving performance in banking sector.

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BÖLÜM II GÖÇ, KİMLİK ve DİASPORA - Beşeri Sermaye Kaynağı Olarak Diaspora: Almanya’da Yaşayan Nitelikli Türk Diasporası Üzerine Bir Saha Çalışması

Author(s): Atakan Durmaz,Adem Kalça / Language(s): Turkish / Publication Year: 0

Türkiye’nin 2005-2015 yılları arasındaki ekonomik performansına bakıldığında, reel GSYH’nin yaklaşık yıllık ortalama %4 arttığı, kamu borç stokunun %67,7’den %36,3’e gerilediği, bütçe açığının %10’dan %3’ün altına düştüğü ve kişi başına düşen milli gelirinin 4.565 ABD dolarından 9.177 ABD dolarına çıktığı görülmektedir. Aynı dönemde ihracat gelirlerinin 47 milyar ABD dolarından 152 milyar ABD dolarına, turizm gelirlerinin ise 14 milyar ABD dolarından 31,465 milyar ABD dolarına ulaşmıştır. Bu durum Türkiye’yi Avrupa Birliği Bölgesi’ndeki 6. büyük ekonomi, dünyanın ise 17. büyük ekonomisi konumuna gelmiştir. Son dönemlerde ekonomi alanında gösterilen bu ilerlemenin ardından Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, kuruluşunun 100. Yılında denk gelen 2023 yılında dünyanın en büyük 10. ve Avrupa’nın en büyük 3. ekonomisi olma hedefini belirlemiştir. Bu doğrultuda milli gelirini 2 trilyon dolara, kişi başına düşen milli gelirini 25 bin dolara ve ihracatını da 500 milyar dolara çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Ancak ülkenin mevcut üretim stratejisini değerlendiren bilim insanları ve politika yapıcılar mevcut üretim sistemiyle belirlenen hedeflerin yakalanmasının son derece zor olduğunu belirtmekte ve ülkenin önündeki en önemli sorunun ARGE yatırımlarındaki ve bilgi üretimindeki yetersizlik ve üretilen bilginin ticarileştirilememesi olduğunu savunmaktadırlar.

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BOSNIA AS WUNDERKIND OF DOING BUSINESS. Outline of 14 steps to take

Author(s): Adnan Ćerimagić,Gerald Knaus / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2015

„To be frank, let us note what we can and cannot do. We can advise you on how to improve Bosnia’s ranking within one year. We do not promise that this will actually lead to any more jobs or investment. And yet, it is time for some surprising good news from Bosnia. What the European Commission has asked you to do you can do, and more. And then turn to policies which might actually make a real difference in the long run.“ (from the letter of ESI to the members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Hercegovia)

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'Brain Drain' in Transition of Science

Author(s): Daniela Bobeva / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 1993

The paper analysis the reasons why Bulgaria is one of the specific cases of science development and 'Brain Drain'. Bulgaria is one of the countries with the largest share of unemployed with higher education - 17% of all unemployed. The unemployment promotes the emigration attidues among scientist. The data indicates that the Bulgarian science personnel is ageing. Less and less young people work in the research institutions. Special measures are needed in this respect on the part of the government for encouraging young people. Before the reforms Bulgaria used to have a highest standard by the indicator "employed in science per capita".

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