"Žena od Batha i njena priča"

Author(s): Mary S. Bache / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 28/2018

"Žena od Batha" predstavlja osobe podređene autoritetu, autoritetu religijskih tekstova i njihovih mizoginističkih kodova. Iako "Žena od Batha" ostvaruje materijalnu dobit, moglo bi se ustvrditi da ne zadobija autoritet sve dok ne dobije priliku javno se izraziti tokom hodočašća, ne riskirajući odmazdu. Kad zauzme pozornicu, drugi hodočasnici postaju njena publika, uzimajući u obzir njen glas, ono šta ona priča, ali kako komentira njhove priče. "Priča Žene od Batha", kao i većina ostalih, sastoji se iz dva dijela, proslova i same priče. Takva struktura odražava Chaucerovu ideju simetrije kakvu je već pokazao u Troilu i Kresidi. U Proslovu "Žena od Batha" samu sebe portretira kao žrtvu patrijarhalnog svijeta, a kako se pokušava nametnuti prozivaju je ‘pokvarenom ženom’. Međutim, u "Priči" ona predstavlja situaciju u kojoj autoritet preuzima žena, a glas razuma zamijeni arogantnu nametljivost. Pomoću takvoga kontrasta, možemo shvatiti vrijednosti i kodove vladajućeg ponašanja u datom društvu. [...]

(D)efectul moral și etic al Inteligenței Artificiale

Author(s): Alexandru Bodislav / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2022

This paper tries to offer a direct perspective on the utility of moral values that are found in Artificial Intelligence and that could offer a thought element on the antithesis of using Artificial Intelligence in building functional pillars of future democracies or allowing access in the pathways of decision making for those that don’t have the needed qualities to tame the phenomenon.

(Nie)mobilność, zamieszkiwanie oraz płeć w praktykach i dyskursach rozwodu w wiejskiej społeczności. Etnografia rolniczej gminy wschodniego Mazowsza

Author(s): Sylwia Urbańska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

In this article, I analyze the relationship between the gendered practices and discourses of divorce in rural communities and the (im)mobility paths of rural women. I show that the “pioneers of divorce”, that is, women from the agricultural, conservative communities who were the first to divorce in the local social world, developed alternative strategies for staying in the countryside. They did not want to run away, leave, or emigrate permanently to the city or abroad, that is, use the typical path of becoming an ex-wife. I describe the coping patterns they developed after 1989 in order to still be able to live in the village. I explain the subversions of ownership and inheritance, their relationship to traditional patterns of femininity and masculinity. I focus on the gendered patterns of (im)mobility in this case as strategies for choosing the countryside as a place to live. I present my conclusions in the case study of Mirka, a mother with many children, who loses her home after divorce, which means that she must develop coping patterns. I show Mirka’s practices against the background of other variants of practices and moral discourses around divorce in the commune of eastern Mazovia, which I have studied since 2017.

(Not)applying mediation in juvenile cases

Author(s): Magdalena Staniaszek / Language(s): English Issue: 1 ENG/2018

Presently we are noticing that social control over youth showing symptoms of demoralization is being excessively formalized - especially in case of individuals just on the verge of demoralization, and, at the same time, too arbitrary a role of the judge in cases involving juveniles. Despite legal possibilities, Family Court rarely applies mediation proceedings. In the years 2004-2016 the most mediations occurred in 2006 (366) and the fewest in 2014 (198). In 2016 there were 25 mediations, including 13 in Lodz. The presentation is aimed to show the research on juvenile cases addressed to mediation proceedings by Lodz courts in the years 2011-2016. The subject of study is the content of court files and mediation reports concerning the final results of the mediation and terms of agreement if made. Basing on research analysis we may reason that the only cases directed to mediation are the ones where the victim and the perpetrator are minors and the criminal act was extortion, bodily harm or harassment. The number of cases directed to mediation proceedings suggests that judges are still not fully convinced of the validity of restorative justice.

(P)oszukiwanie tożsamości: cztery studia o angielskim Oświeceniu

Author(s): Paweł T. Dobrowolski / Language(s): Polish

The book consists of introduction and four chapters, each being an independent albeit interconnected study related to the issues of emerging English/British modern identity. Conclusion and full bibliography follow. The common motives of each study revolve around the practices of constructing modern cultural and social identity, by means of affirmation or impersonation. The first three chapters deal with the shifting British cultural patterns – the meaning of masquerades and gender-related issues - often viewed against contemporary Europen context. In the last essay, which is embedded in current historiography on penal deportation the statistically presented data and conclusions belong also to the domain of economic history.The choice of literature is comprehensive. The rich and perceptive choice of illustrations, which visualise the text allow the reader to imagine many of the dramatis personae.

10+1 Good Practices in Preventing Intolerance, Discrimination, and Group Hatred in Central and Eastern Europe

Author(s): Gergana Tzvetkova / Language(s): English

This compendium was created by the consortium members of the CEE Prevent Net initiative. Its development is the result of a robust exchange of good practice methods among various organizations and civil society actors in the areas of youth work and (non-formal) education aimed at preventing intolerance, discrimination, and right-wing populism and extremism in the region of Central and Eastern Europe. Initially, this volume was supposed to present 10 good practices for working with young people directly; however, the CEE Prevent Net network decided to expand this initial enterprise gratuitously. This additional section provides youth workers, educators, and other civic actors with recommendations and advocacy strategies for youth work that fosters tolerance, facilitates dialogue, and prevents discrimination and far right ideologies.

2017 Pink Report - Annual Report on the State of Human Rights of LGBTI People in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Emina Bošnjak,Vladana Vasić,Inela Hadžić,Darko Pandurević / Language(s): English Issue: */2017

The years 2016 and 2017 brought about significant changes in the context of the number of violations of LGBTI human rights documented by Sarajevo Open Centre. The number of cases of discrimination and violence on the ground of sexual orientation documented by Sarajevo Open Centre did not decrease, neither did the number of LGBTI persons who contacted Sarajevo Open Centre in search of assistance in asylum seeking, changing the sex marker in documents, adequate psychological support or help in obtaining documents required for marriage/same-sex partnership in countries which allow it. Of particular concern is the increase of domestic violence and peer violence motivated by sexual orientation or gender identity, and the growing number of open and public instances of homophobic and transphobic views in the academic institutions and the academia as a whole. It is clear that, in addition to amendments to laws and public policies, it is necessary for the institutions in BiH to develop specific programmes and measures of action to combat intolerance, xenophobia, violence, and discrimination and to encourage social inclusion of LGBTI people. The improvement of the legal framework in BiH – the amendments to the Anti-Discrimination Law and introduction of sex characteristics as a protected ground, the amendments to the Criminal Code of FBIH and regulation of hate crime – is certainly commendable but these legal novelties should however be introduced into the mandatory training of civil servants, the judiciary and the police. The general public should also be informed about them to contribute to their implementation and the achievement of their purpose. The first step in that regard has already been made in the Gender Action Plan operational plans of entity governments and the Council of Ministers, but this type of action with regard to LGBTI human rights must continue and become more comprehensive. The Special Report on LGBTI Rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina produced by the Institution of Human Rights Ombudsman of BiH is the first of its kind and certainly serves as basis for the change of attitude towards LGBTI human rights in BiH. In its analysis of the situation and recommendations, the report departs from the practice of healing the consequences and takes a proactive approach to the improvement of human rights of LGBTI citizens in BiH with the overall goal to improve the conditions of their everyday life in BiH and to respect their human dignity.

2018 Pink Report - Annual Report on the State of Human Rights of LGBTI Persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Vladana Vasić,Emina Bošnjak,Darko Pandurević,Liam Isić,Jozo Blažević,Lejla Huremović / Language(s): English Issue: */2018

The legislative framework for protecting the human rights of LGBTI persons and ensuring their equality has improved somewhat in the past three years. However, our research on the needs and problems of the LGBTI community in BiH conducted in 2017 has shown that hate speech, discrimination and violence against the LGBTI community are still a widespread occurrence. LGBTI persons are often unable to lead a normal life or meet basic human, social or cultural needs (e.g. be open about their romantic relationships, express their gender, etc.). The fear of violence, discrimination and/or exclusion frequently results in extreme self-isolation and reluctance to engage in certain cultural or social activities, express one’s views, etc. The results of monitoring discrimination and violence throughout 2017 show that transgender persons are particularly vulnerable. Even media reporting, which is usually neutral, took a sensationalist tone and focused exclusively on the sex-reassignment process, instead of the transphobic environment and its effects on the life of transgender persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The negative trend of growing domestic violence and peer violence on the grounds of SOGISC continued in 2017. There is still no concrete, institutional plan to combat peer violence and develop an inclusive, tolerant learning environment that incorporates the LGBTI perspective. Restricting freedom of assembly of LGBTI persons through administrative obstacles on the local and cantonal level is the most alarming trend. If it continues, this trend could seriously jeopardise and limit the work of LGBTI activists and civil society organisations that work on protecting the rights of LGBTI persons. Unfortunately, the growing violence, discrimination and restriction of the rights and freedoms of LGBTI persons elicited only sporadic responses from most institutions in charge of protecting and promoting human rights, including the rights of LGBTI persons. This creates a climate in which alleged security issues, assessed by various social actors who should not and cannot make decisions impacting people’s rights and freedoms, take precedence over protecting the rights and freedoms of LGBTI persons and ensuring equal treatment. The lack of a systematic, quick and adequate response from the authorities may further undermine the faith of LGBTI persons in the institutions, especially those most responsible for protecting human rights: the police and judiciary, as well as local institutions in charge of providing services to LGBTI citizens.

A Case Study on Moral Disengagement and Rationalization in the Context of Portugese Bullfighting

Author(s): Luis Cordeiro-Rodrigues,Emanuele Achino / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Bullfighting is increasingly seen as a contested practice in Portugal. The Portuguese public generally disapproves of the practice and the Portuguese animal rights movement has dedicated a significant number of their campaigns to protesting against it. Despite this opposition to the practice, however, there is still legal protection of the practice on grounds of preserving it as a national tradition. This contestation and legality has led bullfighting supporters to actively try to defend and rationalize the practice. This paper analyses this defence and rationalization by exploring a case study of the quasi-lobbyist Portuguese organization, Pr˘toiro. The aforementioned case study is analyzed through the use of critical discourse analysis and neutralization theory. The conclusion reached in this article is that the analysis of speech reveals that Pr˘toiro and its supporters try to morally disengage with the harm done to the bull by using justifications that bullfighting is an ethical activity

A Century-Old Yet Topical Controversy - Euthanasia

Author(s): Angela VLAD (CHIRVĂSUȚĂ) / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The paper focuses on the main ideas conveyed in articles and specialized theses on euthanasia, the principles that either support or combat it, the morality of the new permissive legislation in the field and the reasons why certain behaviors related to the end-of-life option are vehemently criticized today and cataloged as deviants in some countries. The debate on euthanasia has been of increasing interest lately, especially as medical technological advances have led to notable changes in the age structure of populations. More and more people with debilitating conditions have vital functions maintained artificially or they are resuscitated, even when they do not appreciate the quality of their own life. By the end of the twentieth century, all these aspects came to the attention of sociologists, who began to analyze the implications of technological and normative changes in the evolution of social relations. Some people consider there is a right for everyone to decide how they depart from this world, and according to others, claiming this right is a fundamental sin over the divine gift, life.

A Competitive Analysis of East African Cement Companies using the High Performance Organisation Framework

Author(s): André de Waal,Evans Makini Osano / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Sub-standard infrastructure is one of the most significant challenges for economic development in East Africa. Specifically, the availability of affordable, locally produced cement is critical to infrastructural and economic development and job creation in the region. Thus, it is critical for cement companies to achieve better operational and financial results so they can satisfy the need for higher-quality cement for infrastructure projects and to deal with increasing environmental issues. In this article we evaluate, using de Waal’s high performance organisations (HPO) framework, the quality of three cement companies in Kenya and Tanzania to identify improvements these companies can make to their internal organisation and operations so they can achieve better financial and operational results. The research results indicate that whilst all three companies were yet to achieve HPO status, the best performing company with the highest HPO score also had the best financial performance over the past 10 years. The research also resulted in a series of recommendations on the basis of the weaknesses identified in the cement companies.

A Concept for Inclusive Physical Education Training Program for Future Pre-School and Primary-School Teachers

Author(s): Galena Terzieva / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2019

The adoption of new normative documents in the field of education in Bulgaria determines the inclusion of children with special educational needs in general education schools. The significant and integral role which physical education plays in the educational process poses the question of the inclusion of children with impairments in motor activity training as well. Teachers implementing it contribute greatly to its positive effects. The main features of physical education include active motor activity and the related physical workload. In order for them to be adapted successfully to the specific needs of children with different disabilities, more specialized training is required. The analysis of the curricula of the faculties of education in Bulgaria shows that future pre-school and primary school teachers who will be responsible for the physical education of children in kindergartens and primary schools respectively do not receive appropriate training in adaptive physical education. The aim of this article is to present a concept for introducing a training programme on “Motor Activity Training and Inclusive Physical Education”, intended for students of the specialty Preschool and Primary School Education at the Faculty of Education, Trakia University, Bulgaria.

A Content Analysis of the Results from the State Matriculation Examination in Mathematics

Author(s): Elena Karashtranova,Nikolay Karashtranov,Vladimir Vladimirov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This paper presents an analysis of the results from the State Matriculation Examination in Mathematics achieved by the students from the Science and Mathematics High School “Acad. S. Korolyov” within the period of 2012 – 2014.

A contribution to the debate about social recognition of marriage-like and family-like social phenomena

Author(s): Uroš V. Šuvaković / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 3/2021

The paper elaborates on the relation between marriage and the family, on one hand, and marriage-like and family-like homosexual unions such as so-called homosexual marriage and same-sex union (or same-sex life partnership). With a brief theoretical introduction and a comparative overview of the manner in which this matter is regulated in other countries, certain solutions are analyzed from the Proposal Draft Law on Same-Sex Unions of Serbia (2021). It is indicated that it is no longer possible to equalize marriage and the family with the same-sex union because the content of these concepts is substantially different. The society is interested in protecting marriage and the family and to take special care of them since they perform extremely important social functions, whereas without some of them the survival of the society itself would be brought to question (the reproduction function). On the other hand, homosexual marriage and/or same-sex unions do not perform any social function, but are formed exclusively for the purpose of relatively longer-standing satisfaction of sexual needs of same-sex partners. Since the society and the state do not protect marriage only because sexuality is regulated within it, but because it legitimizes sexual relationships aimed at having children, in the event of homosexual marriage-like unions it should also be proceeded in an identical manner: solely those rights and obligations of partners deriving from a relatively longer-standing homosexual partnership should be legally regulated. Moreover, having in mind the principle that every man’s right is limited by other people’s rights, it is impermissible to give priority to the protection of the rights of same-sex partners for the purpose of longer-standing homosexual relationships over the protection of children’s rights. Children need both a father and a mother (an ideal condition), and the family in which they will be socialized. In line with those homosexual marriage-like unions, neither adoption nor assisted insemination can be allowed.

A contribution to the sociological study of population: Suzana Marković Krstić (2021), Population in the Sociological Context, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Niš, 331 pp.

Author(s): Nenad M. Stanojević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2022

The paper presents a review of the textbook Population in the Sociological Context by Professor Suzana Marković Krstić, PhD. At the beginning, the importance of the sociological study of population is indicated, as well as the necessity of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches in studying this topic. Then the structure of the textbook is given, with the analysis of the key matters of the sociological study of population the author deals with.

A Different Russia: From Serbia's Perspective

Author(s): Milan Subotić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A Force for Good? Mapping the Private Security Landscape in Southeast Europe

Author(s): Arjan Dyrmishi,Rositsa Dzhekova,Donika Emini,Gentiola Madhi,Marko Milošević,Predrag Petrović,Atanas Rusev,Mentor Vrajolli / Language(s): English

The volume explores and assesses the origins and current state of the private security sector in four Southeast European countries (Bulgaria, Serbia, Albania and Kosovo), with specific reference to principles of good governance and the protection of human rights. In particular, the authors examine when and how the first private security companies developed and whether and how PSCs, their clients, and other factors such as relevant legislation determined the services private security offer today, and which companies were established/have survived in the market. The studies look into the economic importance of private security especially as a source of employment. They also explore if PSCs are able to provide quality security services by looking at the background and qualifications of managers and employees. A number of important questions are addressed: who are the people who work for PSCs, what is their level of expertise and professionalism and what are their working conditions? How important are (political) relationships for the success of a PSC and do domestic political considerations have an impact on which PSC receives contracts and how well they work? How is quality defined and enforced by both PSCs and their clients, especially public sector clients? Finally, do PSCs and state security providers coordinate, cooperate or compete with each other?

A gyermekvédelem peremén

Negatív életesemények hatása a kamaszok és fiatalok egészségkárosító magatartására

Author(s): Éva Huszti,Péter Takács,Lajos Hüse / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2016

The paper studies how negative life events affect risk behaviour of children and young people. Calculations on the database of the ‘Hungarian youth 2012’ research suggest that negative life events are strong predictors of different types of risk behaviour like alcohol, drug abuse and suicide. According to the data people who have experienced several and more serious negative lifevents, more likely refuse and turn away from the norms of the adult society than those whose life proves to be less stressful. To place these results into child protection context, the study calls attention to the fact that the Hungarian child protection system does not treat each group in the fragmented society equally, although, on the basis of the incidence of threat it should. Another important message of this paper is to highlight that in addition to scientific values large-scale sociological research studies have professional and practical values as well. To support it, from the questions of the well-known Holmes-Rahe scale the authors re-developed an exploration scale (Reduced Life Events Scale). The application of the Reduced Life Event Scale (or the original Holmes-Rahe scale) allows experts to focus more on the studied issues in the process of planning services, prevention and case work. The tool might propose solutions to use the insufficient resources in a more targeted way.

A Home on the Range and the (Near) Extinction of the American Bison

Author(s): Tadeusz Rachwał / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2017

Fredreric Jackson Turner’s seminal essay on the significance of frontier in American culture interestingly posits the development of railways as extension of the buffalo trail. The presentation of his ideas in 1893 not only followed the announcement of the closing of the frontier by the superintendent of the U.S. Census (1890), but was also the time of the near-extinction of bison whose number declined from about 600,000,000 at the end of the 18th century to 300 in 1900. In the paper I will try to tone the Indian traders’ transformation of the buffalo trail into a railway with the replacement of buffalo herds by cow droves as well as the popularity the song “Home on the Range” which in a way mythologized the domestic coexistence of people with the roaming buffalo. Drawing from Thoreau’s hypothesis that cows are buffalos within and capable of reasserting their “native rights,” I will look at some examples of the return of the buffalo in the 20th and 21st centuries as, however simulated, attempts at a return to homes on the range, and at living on the frontier, even if the frontier has been relocated to the vicinity of the Fermilab bosons where a small buffalo herd is maintained.

A Jigsaw Puzzle for Rainy Days - How to Put Together the Pieces: Sources of Law, Forms of Law, Principles, Standards, Rules and Norms - to Get a Consistent Picture of Law?

Author(s): Alexander Bröstl / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

This is a proposal – “a tentative smile on the face of law” - how to create a consistent picture of law and diminish the confusion in the usage of the most frequent key-legal concepts. Its outcome is that law is one entity: its structure so far contains terms of the same degree with respect to all of their variables (sources, forms or rules, norms), from general rules (principles, laws) to individual rules (judicial and administrative decisions).