"Continuities and discontinuities. Educational program of The Planned Parenthood Association in Krakow (1957 – 1993)"

Author(s): Barbara Klich-Kluczewska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

The article presents the program of sexual education prepared and offered by Krakow Branch of the Planned Parenthood Association in the wider context of socio-political situation in Krakow (1956 – 1989). Since the beginning of the Association’s existence, the special attention was paid to the development of educational program, which concerned the different aspects of „family life“. The article is going to answer the questions about its goals, the educational tools used to achieve them and its social targets. To accurately determine the position of the Association in the city‘s community I will analyse its foundation and activities in wider context of the pre-war traditions of the organisation and the activities regarding premarital counselling undertaken by the Krakow Catholic Church.

"Нико не сме да вас бије" Слободан Милошевић у Косову Пољу 24-25. април 1987

Историја и мит

Author(s): Kosta Nikolic / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 2006

(Ne)legitimni revizionizam: pravo i (pseudo)istoriografske revizije na zapadu i istoku

Author(s): Vladimir Petrovic / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

The contribution is analyzing the legal aspects of historiographical revisionism, in an attempt to highlight the role of the courts in delineating between legitimate historical reevaluation of the past and the denial of essential historical facts, the latter being referred to as negationsim. The experience of Western countries in combating negationism through criminalisation of various forms of denial of mass crimes or through the civil litigation is juxtaposed to the confused postotalitarian dynamics in Eastern Europe and its anarchic reception in the region of the former Yugoslavia.

(Re)konstrukcija suvremene hrvatske / jugoslavenske povijesti u pregledima / sintezama nakon 1991. godine

Author(s): Damir Agicic / Language(s): Croatian / Publication Year: 0

The author concentrates on the treatment of contemporary Croatian/Yugoslav history in several monographs, overviews, and summaries of Croatian history published over the past ten years. In addition, he completes a short re¬view of research on contemporary history included in the scientific-historical projects financed by the Republic of Croatia’s Ministry of Science, Education, and Sport. He concludes that when guided exclusively by scholarly criteria, the matrix of Croatian historiography is developing in a satisfactory manner.

(Нео)протекционизам и светска економска криза

Author(s): Branislav M. Pelevic,Vladimir M. Ristanovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 4/2011

The collapse of international trade is aftermath of global economic crisis in 2008. Decline in trade was even higher compared with the period of the Great Depression and, moreover, international trade has recorded a much greater decline than the world’s gross domestic product. Previous causality has been confirmed in Serbia and global crisis hit the economy of Serbia with the lag of one quarter. Initial fall in output and trade was smaller in the world than in Serbia. Growingprotectionism is not among the main causes of the collapse of the trade, but it is its essential companion. Protectionism, however, can provide positive effects only in short term. It leads to a decrease in exports, employment and income in other countries, but will invariably have feedback - leading to the fall for products imported from countries that increased protection. Opening the market undoubtedly contributes to more efficient and dynamic growth.

1973'ten Günümüze Yerel Seçim Sonuçları Temelinde Samsun'un Siyasi Yapısı

Author(s): Ali Arslan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 10/2006

This study aims to analyses socio-political structure of Samsun at the basis of the results of Turkish Local elections since 1973 up to date. Documentary and historical research techniques will be used during the study.

1989 After 1989

Remembering the End of State Socialism in East-Central Europe

Author(s): James Mark,Muriel Blaive,Adam Hudek,Anna Saunders,Stanislaw Tyszka / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

1989 in historischer Perspektive

Geschichte als Schlüssel zur Gegenwart

Author(s): Jacques Rupnik,Dominique Moïsi / Language(s): German / Issue: 02/1991

In the autumn of 1989, two phenomena collided: the Gorbachev factor and the collapse of the communist system under pressure from societies. It is an irony of history that nothing would have happened if Gorbachev had not resigned himself to the abdication of imperial logic, known as the Brezhnev doctrine, which legitimized the supreme right of the Soviet Union over the other Europe , In fact, Gorbachev could not have intervened in Eastern Central Europe without compromising his determination to reform the USSR, thus destroying his image as a man of perestroika. This image, however, was a condition as well as a result of his policy of opening up to the west.

1989-Geschichte und Gedächtnis

Author(s): Aleksander Smolar / Language(s): German / Issue: 20/2000

Die Feierlichkeiten zum zwanzigsten Jahrestag der Solidarnosc sind vorüber. Damals, vor ewigen Zeiten, war in Polen eine Bewegung von zehn Millionen Menschen entstanden, eine friedliche, sich in ihren Zielen »selbstbeschränkende« Bewegung, die eigentlich ein Volksaufstand für Unabhängigkeit, Freiheit, Demokratie und die Rechte der arbeitenden Bevölkerung war. Neun Jahre später brach der Kommunismus zusammen. Auffallend ist der Unterschied zwischen den Feiern zum Jahrestag der Solidarnosc und den Feiern ein Jahr davor zum zehnten Jahrestag der Revolution von 1989. Für diesen Unterschied gibt es vielfältige Gründe. Die Bedeutung des Jahres 1989 für Polen, Europa und die Welt muss man wohl kaum herausstellen. Doch gab es im polnischen Jahr 1989 nicht den einen Moment, der das Ende des Kommunismus und den Beginn der Demokratie markiert hätte.

1992–1995: OD PUTA PREMA RATU, DO PUTA PREMA MIRU

Author(s): Marina Velickovic / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 0

U fokusu ovog poglavlja biće ratni period. Događaji će biti rekonstruisani na osnovu priča žena intervjuisanih za ovu knjigu, novinskih članaka iz perioda od 1992. do 1995. godine, izvještaja nevladinih organizacija i publikacija. Cilj je prikazati rat iz druge, do sada skoro nevidljive perspektive – one u kojoj su glavne akterke žene. Prva polovina poglavlja će govoriti o samom ratu, o periodu između 1992. i 1995, o ženama koje su tada bile u vladi, u strankama i u nevladinim organizacijama, o ženama borkinjama i ženama aktivisticama. Druga polovina poglavlja će ponuditi osvrt na dva ključna događaja 1995. godine – potpisivanje Pekinške konvencije i potpisivanje Dejtonskog mirovnog sporazuma.

1995−2003: POSTDEJTONSKA BORBA ZA RAVNOPRAVNOST SPOLOVA

Author(s): Arijana Aganovic / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 0

Ovo poglavlje obrađuje sudjelovanje žena u političkim procesima i političkom životu u BiH nakon potpisivanja Dejtonskog mirovnog sporazuma do usvajanja Zakona o ravnopravnosti spolova 2003. godine. Ova dva događaja, svaki poseban na svoj način, predstavljaju vremenski okvir za ovo poglavlje. DMS je jedan od ključnih momenata moderne historije BiH jer je odredio budući politički život u BiH, a drugi događaj predstavlja prekretnicu u uspostavljanju institucionalnih mehanizama za rješavanje problema rodne neravnopravnosti u BiH.

20 godina od razbijanja SFRJ

Author(s): / Language(s): Russian,Serbian / Publication Year: 2011

20 години секция Медицински науки при Съюза на учените в България – клон Сливен

Author(s): Ivan Trifonov,Vasislav Petrov,Maria Todorova,Janeta Uzunova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2016

2003–2015: ERA MEHANIZAMA ZA RODNU RAVNOPRAVNOST

Author(s): Edita Miftari / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 0

Ovo poglavlje obrađuje žensku politiku i angažmane najaktivnijih političarki u BiH od usvajanja Zakona o ravnopravnosti spolova 2003. godine do trenutka pisanja ovog poglavlja 2015. godine. Usvajanje ovog Zakona se u historiji bh. ženske politike postavlja kao prekretnica u ženskoj političkoj participaciji, a najviše zato što je rodna kvota od 40% koju uvodi dovela i do harmonizacije drugih ključnih zakonskih odredbi, kao što su odredbe Izbornog zakona BiH, o čemu će također biti riječi u poglavlju koje slijedi. Jedan od vrlo važnih momenata u ženskom političkom udruživanju, pored udruživanja unutar političkih partija u različite forume, asocijacije i aktive, predstavlja i formiranje prvog nadstranačkog kluba u Parlamentu Federacije BiH 2013. godine. Stoga će ovo poglavlje obraditi izazove i prepreke sa kojima su se susretale federalne parlamentarke u implementiranju ove inicijative. Ovo poglavlje će obraditi i segment izvršne vlasti u BiH, s obzirom da posljednjih godina žene obnašaju sve više izvršnih funkcija na svim nivoima u BiH, ali će također biti riječi i o unutarstranačkim strukturama nekih političkih partija, odnosno o položaju žena na pozicijama odlučivanja unutar njihovih političkih opcija. Za kraj, ovo poglavlje će kratko predstaviti i nove nade na političkoj sceni u BiH koje predstavljaju budućnost bh. ženske politike.

2007 Bulgaristan Yerel Seçimleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Author(s): Seçil Öraz / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 15/2007

The 2007 local elections in Bulgaria, which went to gallop box six times since the regime change in 1989, was herald of the upcoming changes and new formations to ocur in the next years in this country. In these local elections, which were held after the country's EU membership, and under the targeted European conditions of transparency and justice, brought the DPS, political party of the Turkish minority in Bulgaria, the third rank. This and other developments give clues of expectable results of the general elections to be held in 2009.

25-eri požiūrio į Lietuvos narystę Europos Sąjungoje tyrimų metai: 1991–2016

Author(s): Vladas Gaidys / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 4/2016

Examination of the attitudes towards Lithuania’s membership in the European Community (hereinafter the European Union) has been started in the first representative public opinion surveys. The Public Opinion Research Center at the Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law (Lithuanian Academy of Sciences) began to study this issue in 1991. Since then, many representative surveys have been conducted, and attitudes towards the membership have been changing. Also, motives of supporting or not supporting the membership, a thematic discourse and actuality of this issue in the society have been altering. The dynamics of different aspects of the attitudes is analyses in the paper. The empirical results show that after a strong support of the membership 25 years ago, a period of skepticism followed, and later on the period of optimism appeared again. The latest surveys indicate a high support for Lithuania’s membership in the European Union as well. A high support for the membership before the Euro referendum was not defined by believes in quick personal benefits, but rather by believes in benefits for children in the future and for Lithuania in general. This is one of the reasons why later a disappointment in the membership was not fixed. The support for Lithuania’s membership in the EU has been and remains higher among younger, better qualified people and, inhabitants of big cities.

27 Mayıs Darbesi Sonrası Türk Dış Politikasında Yeni Açılımlar: Ortadoğu ve Sovyetler Birliği ile İlişkiler (1960-1965)

Author(s): Fehim Kuruloglu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 54/2017

It is easy to observe some breakpoints on Turkish foreign policy during Republic era. One of this breakpoints had been occured in context of Cyprus Question in the mid 1960’s and a remarkable change is been observed in Turkish policy compared to the previous period. This study will examine the transition of Turkish foreign policy and it’s affects on Turkey-Middle East and Turkey-Soviet’s Union relations. The Detention of the relation between Western and Eastern Blocks were directly influenced the Turkey. Also internal political developments and foreign policy implementations which were largely criticized on public opinion, were the signal of the policy change. Turkey, had joined Western Block unconditionally until 1962, also needed to improve relations with Eastern Block and Middle East countries in the framework of its new policy concept after that date.

90 GODINA HUSINSKE BUNE 1920-2010.

Author(s): Elvis Becirovic / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 3/2010

Ovaj rad govori o Husinskoj buni kao najvećem radničkom i socijalnom buntu bh. radništva. Bio je to štrajk i oružani otpor rudara rudnika uglja ''Kreka'' zbog Vladinog kršenja sporazuma o visini rudarskih nadnica. Učešće u ovoj buni uzelo je preko sedam hiljada radnika, a glavni organizator bila je tada još legalna Komunistička partija preko Saveza rudara na čijem se čelu nalazio istaknuti predratni tuzlanski radnički i sindikalni aktivista MitarTrifunović Učo. Zbog represalija monarhističke vlasti koje su prethodile generalnom štrajku rudara od 21. do 28. decembra 1920. godine, 300 rudara je iseljeno iz tuzlanske četvrti Kreka, te su se povukli sa štrajkačkim odborom u tuzlansko prigradsko naselje Husino. Njihov otpor je u krvi ugušen i to osam dana nakon pobune. Svi učesnici su pohapšeni, njih 350. U optužnici, koja je uslijedila godinu dana kasnije, jedan od glavnih aktera pobune, husinski rudar Jure Kerošević, optužen za ubistvo žandara, osuđen je na smrt vješanjem, a ostali učesnici bune na dugogodišnje zatvorske kazne. Protiv ovog suđenja i optužnice prema Keroševiću, u tadašnjoj Kraljevini SHS ali i u inostranstvu, vođena je velika akcija radničke solidarnosti, pa su monarhističke vlasti bile prinuđene da smrtnu kaznu Juri Keroševiću preimenuju na 20 godina teške robije. Cilj ovog rada je da u kraćim crtama prikaže društveni ambijent prvih godina nove države Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca nakon kraja Prvog svjetskog rata, ekonomsku situaciju u zemlji, uzroke, tok i završetak Husinske bune, te posljedice koje je ona ostavila na istoriju radničke klase ina istorijska zbivanja uopšte u Tuzli i BiH.

A 2003-as iraki konfliktus a szövetségi kapcsolatok dimenziójában

Author(s): Béla Háda / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2009

The war of United States against Iraq initiated in 2003 practised a powerful effect onto the international relations, between them onto Washington's allied relations. The European states formed a judgement on the situation differently. While France, Germany and Russia opposed the unilateral military action United Kingdom, Spain and smaller NATO member and candidate for membership states favoured it. The debate caused tenseness in the European states' contacts. The points of view differing in the row of USA's Middle East partners were born. This study takes the viewpoints that inspired the more important eurasian partner countries' different points of view into consideration.

A Bush-adminisztráció, az Amerikai Hírszerző Közösség, és az iraki háború megindításának indokai

Author(s): János Kemény / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2009

The essay intends to show the problems the Intelligence Community faced in the months before the start of Iraq war. It shows that the difficulties faced by the Intelligence Community were not simple but very difficult and multifaceted. They were of internal and external nature and the external pressures came from Iraq and the U.S. alike. But the essay´s main focus is on the internal problems and it tries to give an explanation on how it became possible to arrive at the disastrous conclusions that made the war against Iraq in part possible. The essay draws on a wide range of publicly available English language literature and incorporates memoirs, congressional reports, speeches, studies and newspaper articles alike.