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Niko Županič in vprašanje jugoslovanstva: med politiko in antropologijo (1901-1941)

Author(s): Christian Promitzer / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2001

A biographical outline of the Slovene Anthropologist and Ethnologist Niko Županič (1876-1961) is the starting point for a discussion of integral Yugoslavism among the Slovenes from the early 20th century until 1941. Županič stems from the region of Bela krajina and studied history, geography and ethnology at the University of Vienna. In 1907 he moved to Belgrade, where he worked as curator in the Cultural Arts Museum and in the Ethnographical Museum. During World War I he was member of the Yugoslav Committee. He returned to Slovenia in 1921, where he became director of the Ethnographical Museum in Ljubljana. In 1922/23 he was minister in the Yugoslav government of the radical Nikola Pašić for some months, but his efforts to promote the Radical Party in Slovenia, which wars originally a Serbian party, remained fruitless. The reasons for this failure have to be considered in the already distinct political constellation in Slovenia, where the Liberals were considered more apt to represent the option of integral Yugoslavism. During his political career Niko Županič pursued the concept of a biologist version of Yugoslavism which was influenced by the Serbian geographer Jovan Cvijić and was based upon the approaches of "racial science". It proclaimed the dominance of the Yugoslavs in the Balkans, which were on a level with the "German race", while it disparaged Albanians, Greeks and partly Bulgarians. This concept seems to be a Slav reaction on German racist ideas, which were modern in Vienna in the early 20th century.

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Odziv slovenskih kulturnikov na okupacijo leta 1941

Author(s): Aleš Gabrič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2001

After the occupation of Slovenia in 1941, there was a disagreement among Slovene cultural workers as to whether the conditions for the continuation of their activity and that of cultural institutions still existed. The strongest demand for the respect of Slovene cultural autonomy was presented to the Italian occupying administration on 29 April 1941 in a joint memorandum by six of the nation's most prominent cultural institutions. Among the established literary journals, only Catholic Dom in svet (Home and World) continued to circulate, while the editorial boards of other journals concluded that conditions for the continuation of their work no longer existed. This was an introduction to 'cultural silence'. This silence became one of the political principles of the national liberation movement in which most Slovene cultural workers participated. As early as 1941, two cultural scenes began to emerge in Slovenia. The first one operated legally in compliance with the restrictions set by the Italian censorship, whereas the second, more determined and socially relevant, expressed its principles through the underground press.

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Sprememba kulturnopolitične usmeritve po informbirojevskem sporu

Author(s): Aleš Gabrič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1-2/1998

Since 1945 the Yugoslav leadership imitated the model of Soviet socialism also in the field of cultural policy. The consequences of such direction were particularly bad for Slovenia, a culturally developed country, which had been traditionally open to the western influences in the past. The cultural orientation started changing a year after the outbreak of conflict between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union. At that time Yugoslavia began to open itself again to the western world. The symbolic turnabout came in 1952, when the Yugoslav Association of Writers formally renounced the trends of socialist realism. Also in that year, the Communist Party abolished the 'Agitprop', an extensive censorship apparatus, which had been used for exercising intellectual control over artistic and scientific production. At first, the changes were mostly the result of political actions of the government, but since the early fifties other tendencies were also emerging which were opposing the Communist monopoly in culture. However, the conflict with Milovan Đilas in 1954 showed that the authorities would not allow a total freedom of cultural activity.

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Kulturna prizadevanja slovenskih socialistov na v začetku tridesetih let (1929-1935)

Author(s): Ervin Dolenc / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/1997

Between the two world wars, the Slovene Marxists exercised their most intensive and widely organised cultural activity within the framework of Svoboda (Liberty), an association of cultural societies from 1929 to 1935. Although this association was organised and controlled by the Socialist Party, which was dissolved in 1929, a large number of Communists participated in it, using its public educational and cultural manifestations as a way to organise people and spread propaganda during the time of the royal dictatorship when normal political activity was forbidden. Because of this, the Slovene Socialists also supported cultural organisations in Croatia, Serbia and throughout Yugoslavia.

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Recenzija: Socialistična kulturna revolucija. Slovenska kulturna politika 1953 – 1962

Recenzija: Socialistična kulturna revolucija. Slovenska kulturna politika 1953 – 1962

Author(s): Mateja Režek / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1-2/1995

The review of: Aleš Gabrič: Socialistična kulturna revolucija. Slovenska kulturna politika 1953 - 1962. Cankarjeva založba, Ljubljana 1995, 370 strani.

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Recenzija: Socialistična kulturna revolucija. Slovenska kulturna politika 1953-1962

Recenzija: Socialistična kulturna revolucija. Slovenska kulturna politika 1953-1962

Author(s): Ervin Dolenc / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1-2/1995

The review of: Aleš Gabrič: Socialistična kulturna revolucija. Slovenska kulturna politika 1953-1962, Cankarjeva založba, Ljubljana 1995, 370 str.

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POLOŽAJ LEZBEJKI U SRBIJI

POLOŽAJ LEZBEJKI U SRBIJI

Author(s): Zorica Mršević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2019

The analysis of the position of lesbians starts from the general position of women through the position of the LGBTI population as a whole to the specificity of lesbian existence. The most visible data on the position of lesbians in Serbia is the fact that Serbia as the first country in the region, and one of the very few in Europe and the world, got in June 2017 the prime minister openly identified as a lesbian. The mostly expressed opinions of LGBTI people, their friends and relatives about the fact that Prime Minister Brnabić has positively influenced the improvement of the position of lesbians and the general LGBTI population, although there are also different attitudes. Nearly non reduced are all three basic problems that characterize the position of lesbians in Serbia during many years: vulnerability of personal safety due to non-sanctioned anti-lesbian violence, tolerated hate speech in public discourse, and the lack of legal regulation of same-sex partnership and family relations. Lesbians, in most cases, share the same problems, disdain, discrimination, threats, intimidation, attacks both verbal and physical, but in the same time as well improvements to the better, as the entire LGBTI population. Lesbians also share the common general position of women and are also affected by typical women’s problems with misogyny, such as the gender based violence and discrimination. The lack of implementation of most relevant provisions of the Government's Strategy for Prevention and Protection against Discrimination and the its Action Plan for implementation from 2014 to 2018. is the most immediate practical reasons for the existence of all of these three problems. But the main reason is the continued existence of discrimination based on sexual orientation as part of the everyday life of the LGBTI people in Serbia, where this population remains among the most discriminated groups. This text is based on academic sources, reports issued by independent institutions, e.g. the Protector of Citizens and the Commissioner for the Protection of Equality, non-governmental organizations specifically dealing with human rights issues of the LGBTI population, as well as relevant decisions of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg.

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Precarious Sexualities, Alternative Intimacies in Postsocialist Lithuania

Precarious Sexualities, Alternative Intimacies in Postsocialist Lithuania

Author(s): Artūras Tereškinas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

While sexual and gender self-determination became an inseparable part of the official state policies in the Western world, the opposite process of the retradicionalization of gender and sexual norms occurred in Lithuania during the last decade. It is comprised of an ineffective partnership law for either heterosexual or same-sex couples, the enactment of the discriminatory Law on the Protection of Minors against the Detrimental Effects of Public Information (the last version approved in 2011), the refusal to implement sex reassignment law and to ratify the Istanbul Convention and continuous attempts to prohibit abortions by the current Parliament of Lithuania. Neoconservative NGOs such as the “Institute of Free Society” and “Lithuanian Association of Human Rights” disseminating everyday sexism, homophobia and transphobia have also been popping up recently. The current Parliament discussions on sexual addictions and prohibitions of advertising of sexual commodities such as condoms or sex toys also point to intensifying attempts to regulate sexual market. In this context of state and institutional regulation of sexuality, this article focuses on alternative intimacies and sexual practices from a bottom-up perspective. In describing alternative intimacies, I use the term “precarious” to emphasize a necessary relation between sexual and gender norms and the historically shaped distribution of vulnerability across LGBTQ+ sexualities and bodies. By analyzing my own sociological novel Endless Summer: A Memoir of Love and Sex (2017) that contains a specific postsocialist sexual ethnography, I not only examine the ways in which Lithuania’s socio-economic and political institutions produce unequal conditions for different intimate behaviors but also detail how vulnerable communities create possibilities of love and sex amidst the toxic political waste of failed sexual revolution.

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Flagging Support for Rockabilly Rebels: the Confederate Battle Flag’s Place in the Current European Rockabilly Scene

Flagging Support for Rockabilly Rebels: the Confederate Battle Flag’s Place in the Current European Rockabilly Scene

Author(s): Paul Glavey / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The continued presence and place of the Confederate battle flag in the modern United States of America is the focus of significant contemporary debate. Originating from the American Civil War the presence and use of the flag has spread through the United States of America and internationally, and its meaning has developed and changed far beyond its origins as a military flag. This paper addresses some of the contemporary uses of the flag. It situates the flag within current U.S. domestic political debates and considers how these relate to its usage in the UK and continental European rockabilly scene. It explains the reasons for the recent, widespread focus on the flag as a symbol of racism and white supremacy. The paper argues that despite some members’ shared view of the flag as a supposedly apolitical, longstanding symbol of the rockabilly scene, the rising threat of white supremacy and far right politics internationally has made the defence of the flag in these terms insufficient. It goes on to conclude that the rockabilly scene in the UK and Europe could, and should, abandon their use of the flag with no loss to its identity. Konfederatų kovos vėliava vis dar plačiai diskutuojama šiuolaikinėse Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijose. Atsiradusi JAV pilietinio karo metu vėliava išplito tiek Amerikoje, tiek už jos ribų, o jos reikšmė smarkiai pasikeitė; ji prarado ir originalią karinės vėliavos reikšmę. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami keli šiuolaikiniai konfederatų vėliavos naudojimo atvejai. Autorius aptaria dabar vykstančias politines diskusijas apie vėliavą JAV ir mėgina paaiškinti, kaip jos susijusios su vėliavos naudojimu Jungtinės Karalystės ir kontinentinės Europos rokabilio muzikoje. Straipsnyje paaiškinamos priežastys, dėl kurių vėliava laikoma rasizmo ir baltųjų suprematizmo simboliu. Autoriaus teigimu, nepaisant kai kurių rokabilio muzikos atstovų požiūrio į vėliavą kaip tariamai nepolitinį, ilgalaikį rokabilio simbolį, vis didėjanti baltųjų suprematizmo ir radikalios dešinės politikos grėsmė tarptautiniu mastu paverčia šį požiūrį nepagrįstu. Straipsnyje daroma išvada, kad rokabilio muzikos atstovai tiek JK, tiek Europoje galėtų ir turėtų atsisakyti vėliavos neprarasdami savo kultūrinio tapatumo.

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Recenzija: Slovenska agitpropovska kulturna politika 1945-1952

Recenzija: Slovenska agitpropovska kulturna politika 1945-1952

Author(s): Ervin Dolenc / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1-2/1992

The review of: Aleš Gabrič, Slovenska agitpropovska kulturna politika 1945-1952, Borec 1991, XLIII, 7-8-9, str. 469-655 (187 strani)

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Ritet mortore e përkujtimore në fshatrat arnaute të rajonit të Rostovit, Rusi

Ritet mortore e përkujtimore në fshatrat arnaute të rajonit të Rostovit, Rusi

Author(s): Alexander A. Novik / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 37.1/2018

Etnolinguistic and anthropological field work in Rostov on Don region (villages Margaritovo, Semibalki, Pavlo-Ochakovo, Chumbur-Kosa, town Azov) was organized in 2015-2017. The materials of these expeditions are focused on death rites of local population in the border of Russia and Ukraine. The collected data of traditions and revitalization of old rites are very important for multidisciplinary study of the migrants from the Balkans (Arnauts, or Greeks and Albanians, according to historical archives of the 18th century) on the territory of the former Russian Empire.The author has paid special attention to the tradition of death rites in 19th – beginning 21st century. The memorial rituals on certain fixed days throughout the year are other theme of the studies. All of the materials are collected from our informants last years. We can analyze transformation of death rites and memorial rituals during the 20th century.

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Recenzija: Kruh in politika — Poglavja iz etnologije Vitanja

Recenzija: Kruh in politika — Poglavja iz etnologije Vitanja

Author(s): Žarko Lazarević / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1-2/1988

The review of: Kruh in politika — Poglavja iz etnologije Vitanja. Uredila Duša Krnel-Umek in Zmago Smitek. Znanstveni inštitut Filozofske Fakultete in Partizanska knjiga, Ljubljana, 1987, 710 str, in 87 fotografij.

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Taktika okupatorjev pri zatiranju slovenske kulture

Taktika okupatorjev pri zatiranju slovenske kulture

Author(s): Ferdo Fischer / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1-2/1969

Dans l’introduction de l’exposé, l’auteur a décrit en détail l’écho de l’étude dans nos écrits scientifiques de l’oppression de la culture Slovène comme un des plus puissants facteurs de la politique de dénationalisation pratiquée par les occupants en Slovénie. L’exposé luLmême s’étend sur les constatations générales touchant les mouvements de tactique des occupants, et fait le tableau des conditions auxquelles leurs décisions ont conduit le peuple Slovène sous l’angle de sa culture. Ce passage révèle beaucoup plus que la différence essentielle entre leurs vues sur cette question. En même temps s’intercalent dans l'exposé des données et des descriptions qui fournissent un tableau plus complet du destin de certains points du patrimoine culturel Slovène.

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Pomirenje nauke i života. Filozofska propedeutika i međuratni prosvetni program iz rukopisne zaostavštine Svetislava Banice

Pomirenje nauke i života. Filozofska propedeutika i međuratni prosvetni program iz rukopisne zaostavštine Svetislava Banice

Author(s): Dragan Prole / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 24/2015

The paper investigates the writings of Svetislav Banica, and based on them, reflects the scholarly projects which were devoted to the promotion of educational policies in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. With insight into their complexity, we see that the Interbellum work on the enhancement of the pedagogical and educational status of schooling of philosophical propedeutics in grammar school terms had a far greater reach and interest when compared to the first decades of the 21st century. On one hand, it related to the need to investigate the moral and psychological specificities of the youth, while on the other dealt with the systematic strengthening of the institutionalized infrastructure of the entirety of the cultural development. Unlike the modern faintheartedness, the Interbellum professors of philosophy perceived the schooling as one of the motors of future development, which will ensure a far more significant place for the Slavic peoples on the cultural map of Europe. With that in mind, the author concludes that the art of education for a future society, of which they spoke so emotionally and fondly, remains today the crucial challenge for every philosophy teacher.

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Prikaz knjige: Etnonacionalizam u Evropi

Author(s): Edin Đedović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 22/2018

The review of: Urs Altermatt: „Etnonacionalizam u Evropi“, “Svjetlost” Sarajevo, Ambasada Švicarske Konfederacije u Bosni i Hercegovini i Arts Council of Switzerland, Sarajevo, 1998. godine, drugo izdanje - 203 str.

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Bolek i Lolek: od widowni dziecięcej do systemu rozrywkowego. Rekonesans badawczy

Bolek i Lolek: od widowni dziecięcej do systemu rozrywkowego. Rekonesans badawczy

Author(s): Piotr Sitarski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2018

The paper examines the Polish television series Bolek and Lolek (1963 – 1986) and discusses its growth into an entertainment supersystem as defined in Marsha Kinder’s Playing with Power in Movies, Television, and Video Games. Modes of image circulation of the system are described as well as various modes of addressing the audience and expanding it to include various groups of older viewers. Special attention is paid to numerous toys and other objects produced within the system by the socialist state media industry but also by small private companies and individual fans.

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Andrzej Towiański, czyli prorok elektryczny. Medialność mesjanizmu w kontekście kultury celebryckiej

Andrzej Towiański, czyli prorok elektryczny. Medialność mesjanizmu w kontekście kultury celebryckiej

Author(s): Piotr Urbanowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2019

In the paper the author presents Andrzej Towiański - an influential Polish messianist who established the Circle of God's Cause in Paris in 1840s – in relation to celebrity culture. Basing on theories of Chris Rojek, David Marshall and Birgit Meyer the author claims that the figure of a celebrity is deeply integrated into media. On the one hand the celebrity functions as a node in media network providing tools to integrate mass audience; on the other he is an actor, who sets complex aesthetic relations and thus establishes a community. In case of Andrzej Towiański and his disciples such aesthetic relations were formed via metaphors translating electricity into domain of religious exaltation. In conclusion, the author states that the references to electric science were the main reason for popularity of Andrzej Towiański and his efficacy in forming community.

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Gwiazdy poezji? Popularność instapoetek i pokrewne zjawiska – próba rekonesansu

Gwiazdy poezji? Popularność instapoetek i pokrewne zjawiska – próba rekonesansu

Author(s): Marta Stusek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2019

The article discusses the popularity of instapoets and related phenomena. The author studies the problems regarding the critical reception of the work of poets active on social media, reconstructing the arguments of various sides of the literary critics’ dispute. In the first part of the work the essence of the phenomenon and the resulting controversies are explained. In the second part of the analysis, other cases of the popularity of poets on the Internet are subjected to analysis. The article combines a critical literary approach with the sociology of literature. The research material is published in recent years by the volumes of contemporary poets related to the Internet, their non-literary and about literary activity, as well as critical texts on the subject.

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NASILNIČKO PONAŠANJE NA SPORTSKIM PRIREDBAMA-NORMATIVNA REŠENJA I PROBLEMI U SRBIJI

NASILNIČKO PONAŠANJE NA SPORTSKIM PRIREDBAMA-NORMATIVNA REŠENJA I PROBLEMI U SRBIJI

Author(s): Milica Kovačević,Ljiljana Stevković / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian Issue: 3/2018

Serbia has been facing the problem of violence at sports events, especially over the last few years. Such events have often resulted in serious bodily harm and significant material damage. In addition, sports events have been getting a negative connotation, although sport should contribute to a constructive development of children and young people. In order to solve these problems, new legal texts have been adopted and already existing texts have been amended in Serbia. Thus, the paper provides conceptual definitions of violence at sports events, and then, using the normative-dogmatic and comparative method, it offers analysis of serbian legal solutions with a review of the situation and problems occuring in practice, as well as analysis of the compliance of serbian legislation with international, and especially european, standards in this area. The purpose of the paper is to indicate the possible directions for the reform of the existing solutions.

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НАСИЉЕ У СПОРТУ

НАСИЉЕ У СПОРТУ

Author(s): Jelena Simonović / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian Issue: 3/2018

Sport is analyzed as a symbolic dialogue and this aspect of social life is viewed upon as a unity of work and entertainment. This is not a phenomen isolated from socio- cultural occurrences as an entity, but is, on the contrary, an inclusive part of social structure and an everyday occurrence. An important feature of the modern way of life is a mass entertainment expansion, especially sport as a spectacle. Sport is considered to be a mirror of society and reflects the very best one nation possesses, but also the worst, the consequence of which is violence in sport, transferred from grandstands into the streets. Fans' violent and hooliganic behaviour before, during and after sport events is one of the more serious problems in the modern world. Sport hooliganism occurs as a problem not only in undevelopped societies, but in very developped and rich ones as well. Strengthening sport manifestations, political ideologies and street criminal encourage the development of this occurrence. Violence as an unavoidable society companion and its negative aspect, has been existing as long as society itself in general, and, although it has got independent effect and significance, it can never be viewed in isolation from its other similar occurrences, such as deviations, anomie, aggression and social clashes. Different forms of violent behaviour have been also demonstrated in the last years on public gatherings such as: political activist demonstrations, dissatisfied workers, students, nationalistic or xenophobic organisations and activists, but special attention should be devoted to violence in sport, among sports people as well as among fans.

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