"Auf unserem Papier findet das meiste gleichzeitig statt": Zum Projekt der Gegenweltgeschichte in Günter Grass' "Der Butt" in kulturökologischer Perspektive

Author(s): Nathalie Kónya-Jobs / Language(s): German Issue: 18/2021

In this article, the novel The Flounder is re-read from the perspective of environmental literary criticism and with a view to the highly topical issues of education for sustainable development. The line of argument moves along the central questions for Grass’s work about the importance of fairy tales and myths for literary-anthropological processes of the formation of meaning, his Enlightenment criticism, his critical understanding of history, his poetics of ‚Vergegenkunft‘ and his examination of feminism, ecology and dystopian visions of the post-human age. The article closes with an outlook on relevant research desiderata. An overview table for a selection of thematic, relevant works should serve as an inspiration to rediscover Grass as a representative of ecocriticism in schools and universities.

"I do not change principles" – Sociology and social policy in Hungary through Zsuzsa Ferge's life

Author(s): Boglárka Herke / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

"Укриття" четвертого енергоблоку чаес у контексті вдосконалення і розвитку сучасних напрямів дизайн-діяльності

Author(s): Vladimir Syomkin / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 35/2015

Humanities and artistic perspective directions of modern design shows the activity of the whole range of ideas to expand on design activities. These questions find their vidobratgggzhennya in various publications, research copyright and printed materials, but systematic scientific study on the said issue a reasoned and available only in the author's book "Design trends and directions of development." The purpose of this article is to develop and justify the design proposals for a solution "Shelter" in the context of optimizing the structure of the aftermath of the disaster at Chernobyl fourth power and the possibility of using this model in the closure of other plants at the end of their life cycle. The staff of the National Research Institute developed a design solution design version of consequences of the Chernobyl disaster (the design development made in 1994). This version does not claim perfection in its design, provides the further development of its components with the participation of a wide range of specialists. This development is typical, although not a typical example sotsiodyzaynu and naturally ecodesign. The initial argument for making design concept were the following considerations: - No reliable theoretical and practical studies perspectives "behavior" of the destroyed fourth power unit at the sarcophagus (any design!), That there is no guarantee that there will be no explosion or radioactive emissions that continue, will not take a catastrophic power and lead to irreversible consequences to the gene pool of Ukraine and other neighboring countries; - Any construction of any new shelter cannot guarantee its reliability nor save our land from the radioactive genie, nobody can also insure us from the underground penetration of radiation into the environment in the area of shelter; - Construction of any sarcophagus in the area over the fourth power structures attached third power associated with difficulty in terms of long-term autonomy of such facilities. In Ukraine, as in the world, the problem of nuclear power plants that have exhausted their resources, is in fact not yet done, and the chance of turning them in the future, for example, cyclopean sarcophagi cannot zhahnuty humanity absurdity of such a perspective. In fact, areas with similar sarcophagi are hundreds of years and this exclusion zones at least. So sarcophagus not be regarded as an optimal perspective or in the case of the fourth power unit of Chernobyl, nor at the decision of a wider problem: what to do with nuclear power plants at all – at the end of their life? Based on the foregoing, we believe that this time the international community should not be the task of strengthening the sarcophagus (although current work necessary), and elimination of radioactive masses fourth power, the elimination of the sarcophagus, deactivation of all land in the area sarcophagus. Everything must be accompanied by processing whole mass contaminated by radiation from the strictest observance of environmental safety in the course of the whole process of elimination, but science has not yet found effective technologies to this problem.

(Endoparazitózy šíriace sa komunálnou odpadovou vodou)

Author(s): Peter Juriš,Adriána Dudlová,Pavol Jarčuška,Lýdia Čisláková / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Introduction: Municipal waste water prior to stabilizing treatment and disinfection contains various types of pathogenic microorganisms, including parasites. The handling of waste water and sludge, using them without prior treatment, is threatened public health. Methods: The samples of municipal wastewater and sludge were collected from five wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). For comparison, we also monitored the WWTP Sečovce in another region. For the detection of the oo(cysts) and eggs the saturated solution of saccharose, with specific weight of 1.30 according Kazacos (1983) was used. For detection of protozoal oo(cysts) an additional ovoskopic concentration set Paraprep L - Faecal Parasite Concentrator (Diamondial, France) with subsequent microscopy analysis was accomplished. For the statistical processing of the results the Chi square test - χ2 test (significance level α=0.05) the SPSS version 20 of statistical program was employed. Results: Examination of municipal wastewater and sludge from five monitored wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in east Slovakia, from various fractions of municipal wastewater, confirmed 35.87% positivity of samples for the endoparasitic germs. Among of all analysed samples 11.09% were protozoan oo(cysts) and 20.87% were helminth eggs. 3.91 % of samples showed positivity to both the helminth eggs and protozoan oo(cysts). In the raw wastewater the protozoa consisted of Giardia spp. (1.08 %) and Entamoeba spp. (1.08 %). The helminth eggs primarily consisted of Ascarisspp. (4.35 %) and eggs of strongyloid type (3.26 %). No germs of protozoa or helminths were found in the treated wastewater. However, the highest presence of the germs was found in drained stabilised sludge. The average number of oo(cysts)/kg was 2.86±0.24 and the average number of helminth eggs/kg was 5.77±0.09. In all kinds of sludge, obtained during the process of wastewater treatment, there were protozoan (Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba spp.) and helminths eggs (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris spp., Taenia spp., Hymenolepis spp., or eggs of strongyloid type) presented. In drained (condensed) stabilised sludge the eggs of Capillaria spp. and Toxocara spp. were also detected. Conclusion: From the epidemiological aspect the sewage sludge, due to high concentration of protozoal oo(cysts) or helminth eggs, represents a significant epidemiological risk for the endoparasitoses dissemination.

A GeneZYs-kutatás első eredményei a Kárpát-medencében

Author(s): Árpád Péter / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 04/2018

Papp Z. Attila (szerk.): Változó kisebbség. Mathias Corvinus Collegium – MTA Társadalomtudományi Kutatóközpont, Kisebbségkutató Intézet, Bp., 2017.

A hagyományos parasztgazdálkodás termesztett, a gyűjtögető gazdálkodás vad növényfajainak etnobotanikai értékelése

Author(s): Lajos Balogh / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Kóczián, Géza: A hagyományos parasztgazdálkodás termesztett, a gyűjtögető gazdálkodás vad növényfajainak etnobotanikai értékelése [Ethnobotanical Assessment of Traditionally Farmed Crop and Wild Plant Species of Traditional Peasant Economy and Gatherers, Respectively]. First unabridged edition. Ed. by Kóczián, Zoltán Gergely. 2014, Nagyatád: Nagyatádi Kulturális és Sport Központ. 545., 22+60 photographs, (incl. appendix). ISBN 978-963-87468-4-9

A Hortobágy pásztorszemmel. A puszta növényvilága

Author(s): Gábor Máté / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Molnár, Zsolt: A Hortobágy pásztorszemmel. A puszta növényvilága [Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Herders on the Flora and Vegetation of the Hortobágy]. 2012, Debrecen: Hortobágy Természetvédelmi Közalapítvány. 160. ISBN 978-963-08-3301-1

A környezeti edukáció alkotmányos és társadalmi alapjai

Author(s): Julesz Máté / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2010

A lokális humán fejlettségi index eloszlása és területi autokorrelációja Németország és Magyarország esetében

Author(s): Dóra Szendi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2015

Since the creation of the HDI index in 1990 there was a great demand to measure also the local human development.Using the Polish local HDI methodology of the UNDP the aim of this present paper is to examine thedistribution of the local HDI index at the example of the Hungarian micro-regions (local administrative unit 1)and the German NUTS3 districts and city regions. The main goal is to analyse the core-periphery relations of thehuman development and examine the role of spatial connections (spatial autocorrelation).

A macskának joga van a méltó és biztonságos élethez

Author(s): Boglárka Sándor,Imre József Balázs / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 07/2022

Boglárka Ágnes Sándor works in the field of animal protection as a volunteer in Hungary since 2015. In the interview she speaks about the importance of her work as a journalist when raising awareness about animal protection issues, about the scales of action in the field, about the legislation concerning animal protection in Hungary and Romania. Her experience in the field of cat protection in Baja led her to acquire specialized knowledge concerning animal care, being trained as a veterinary assistant. The interview focuses on issues like sterilization, local and global action, and also on the image of cats in media and culture

A moldvai csángómagyarok „nagyerejű burjánjai”

Author(s): Péter Halász / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

A Post-Soviet Eco-Digital Nation? Metonymic Processes of Nation-Building and Estonia’s High-Tech Dreams in the 2010s

Author(s): Epp Annus / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2022

How do Estonians imagine themselves as a nation? According to a popular Estonian essayist, a proper Estonian digs his garden on Mondays and mines his bitcoins on Tuesdays. This article focuses on Estonian imaginaries to study the grounding structures of Estonian identity-creation in the 2010s and it articulates the core of a canonized understanding of Estonian identity as “eco-digital nationhood.” The article explores Estonia’s eco-digital national model as produced by an aesthetic screening, supported by a Western gaze adapted for local purposes of positive identity creation. In Estonia, international approval (for its reputation as a digital nation) has fostered a national selfimage of living in a digital state. Technological advancement combined with idealizations of natural environments have sometimes produced “eco-ambiguous” results, as in efforts to encounter nonhuman life-worlds without leaving one’s own comfort zone. In other instances, the eco and the digital function as two alternating modes of selfhood, the eco-part sometimes finding expression in the narratives of ethnic particularism, the digital part figuring Estonia as a herald of western modernism prudently adapting itself to the digital future. Discrepancies between the eco-digital imaginary and the many less flattering elements of Estonian actuality highlight selective (self-)representative strategies in narratives of national success. Nation building here emerges as a metonymic process, wherein certain parts of culture are foregrounded to represent the whole— while other parts, including substantial parts of the Soviet heritage (material, demographic, social, psychological) languish as unsuitable to be framed.

A Review of the Monograph by Yu. Bilan, O. Chygryn, S. Kolosok “Environmental and Economic Impacts of Energy Transformation: Concepts Innovation and Business Models”

Author(s): Radosław Miśkiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

In recent decades, there have been dramatic changes in the energy sector, which significantly influence other areas of activity. It is widely believed that traditional energy sources are the leading cause of air pollution, although they play the most prominent role in electricity generation. Such dependence on fossil energy sources is a significant challenge on the path to sustainable development. The introduction of sustainable business models and innovative concepts in the energy sector is a tool for transitioning from traditional to "green" energy to reduce the negative impact on the environment. Therefore, it is essential to estimate the effects of energy transformations and identify the environmental and economic effects of the deployment of such solutions. Sustainable business models can solve environmental problems associated with harmful emissions from the energy sector. These models are more environmentally friendly and are part of "green" growth. They ensure the creation and maintenance of the organizations’ values and provide competitive advantages in the industry. Although moving to sustainable business models is quite complex, they contain alternative solutions to avoid a global collapse due to energy shortages and climate change. In this regard, the priorities are to improve regulatory policy in the energy sector, the formation of environmentally friendly competitive advantages of energy companies, the description of opportunities to deploy smart energy networks, development of sustainable business models for energy sector transformation, optimization of energy financing.

A városi diverzitás jellemzői Budapesten a rendszerváltozás után

Author(s): Zoltán Kovács,Balázs Szabó / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2017

A vidékfejlesztés elméleti megközelítése: regionális és kulturális összefüggések

Author(s): István Samu / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2019

Kulcsár László: A vidékfejlesztés elméleti megközelítése: regionális és kulturális összefüggések. Kolozsvár, Kriterion Kiadó, 2017, 228 p.

Accumulation of heavy metals in birch and pine forest roadside phytocenoses in the south of Tyumen region

Author(s): E.I. Popova / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

We conducted a complex investigation of anthropogenic roadside phytocoenoses. For the study, 8 plots (birch and pine forests) were selected, close to roads in the south of Tyumen region within the five administrative districts: Uporovsky, Zavodoukovsky, Yalutorovskiy, Yarkovsky, and Tobolsk. As a result of the studies, 75 species of vascular plants from 21 families were noted in the plant communities. It was found that the majority of the total projective cover of the plant communities was provided by synanthropic species. In the synanthropic fraction of the flora, 33 species belonging to 11 families were identified, those with the most species being: Scrophulariaceae, Compositeae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, Umbellíferae. The index of synanthropization of the flora of the studied phytocenoses is in the range from 43% to 64%. Among the identified pollutants accumulated in the phytocenoses, the group of heavy metals was identified (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn). Needles of Pinus sylvestris L. mainly accumulate Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr. The greatest concentration of Pb and Zn was found in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. The content of other heavy metals in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. during the growing season was relatively stable. Accumulation of heavy metals in the studied components of forest ecosystems can be displayed structurally: soil > leaves < phytomass (birch forests), soil < needles > phytomass (pine forests). Methodological approaches to conducting a complex of long-term observations of natural ecosystems have been formulated, substantiated and justified.

Accumulation of sulfur and glutathione in leaves of woody plants growing under the conditions of outdoor air pollution by sulfur dioxide

Author(s): A.V. Sklyarenko,V. P. Bessonova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

In the course of human industrial activity, atmospheric air is polluted by gaseous pollutants, among which sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in particular, play a key role. Vegetation is a universal filter that is capable, in conjunction with certain technical facilities, of protecting the environment from pollution by the ingredients of industrial emissions. The purpose of this work is to determine the level of accumulation of sulfur and glutathione in the leaves of woody plants growing in the areas of sanitary protection zones of enterprises of the city of Zaporizhzhya in order to develop recommendations for the creation of an effective biofilter. The objects of the study were the woody plant species growing in the area of protective plantations of a number of enterprises in Zaporizhzhya: RE Zaporizhzhya Titanium & Magnesium Combine, Zaporizhzhya Aluminium Plant PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Abrasive Plant PJSC, Zaporizhstal PJSC, Zaporizhzhya Ferroalloy Plant PJSC, Zaporizhvohnetryv PJSC, PrJSC "Ukrgrafit" and Zaporizhtransformator PJSC. The control area was a forest belt located 12 km away from the source of pollution. At each site 5 model trees of a given age category of each species were selected. The leaves needed in order to determine the sulfur content were taken from the south-eastern side of the crown at a distance of 2 m above the soil surface under the same lighting conditions. We have established that the accumulation of sulfur in leaves of woody plants which grow under the conditions of outdoor air pollution by sulfur dioxide (SO2) occurs during the entire vegetation period, with the young leaves that have just finished growing being the most affected. The maximum amount of sulfur is observed at the end of the growing season.

Addendum do przewodnika po współczującym myślistwie

Author(s): Dariusz Gzyra / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2018

Miles Olson is the author of two books: „The Compassionate Hunter’s Guidebook: Hunting from the Heart and „Unlearn, Rewild: Earth Skills, Ideas and Inspiration for the Future Primitive”. The paper consists of a critical analysis and an ethical evaluation of Olson’s particular version of anarcho-primitivism and ideological assumptions of his concept of “rewilding”. The question of hunting and the motives for Olson’s rejection of veganism are analyzed in detail.

Aeolian energy – the energy of the future?

Author(s): Cristina Georghe / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2009

The beginning of the III rd millennium faces a more and more concrete threatening: exhaustion of Earth resources and the entrance in a state of collapse as long as the states of the world will not find, as soon as possible, some alternative resources that they can use in the most important fields of activities. Aeolian energy represents a solution in what concerns the exhaustion of resources of fossil fuels, but not only. Aeolian energy also represents an alternative in what concerns the protection of the surrounding environment, its noxious effects being incomparable smaller than the ones produces by conventional energy. As a response to this threatening of the III rd millennium, the states of the world will have to unite their forces in the activity of research and implementation of some sustainable alternatives, the most important scope being the protection of the environment and of the finite resources of the Earth.

African Environmental Ethics

Author(s): Joseph Nkang Ogar,Samuel Akpann Bassey / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

For decades now, experts have studied and documented the severe environmental and land degradation across Africa. However, the nature of the problem has now been ratcheted up by mounting and undisputed scientific evidence demonstrating a clear causal link between tropical deforestation and global climate change. The external observers of the deteriorating African landscape continue to watch in alarm, sometimes heralding a concerted global response. The African environmental “crisis” that once was framed solely in the context of the direct effects of desertification, deforestation and land degradation on African ecosystems, economies and societies, is now in fact unhinged from the location of rapidly advancing desertification and deforestation to a much broader, world-wide crisis. There is now a rapid need for an effective environment ethic hinged on socio-cultural substance which recognize indigenous people, further shape their association with natural habitat. The thrust of this paper is to have a look at African environmental ethics.