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Purpose – Nurses are one of the most important groups in healthcare. The role of nurses in providing effective patient care is very wide. Therefore, nurses who are compatible and motivated in work life are important determinants of quality and success of care. It is necessary to measure career problems via the right measurement tools in order to improve the nurses’quality of worlk life. This study aims to develop a inclusive measurement tools which include vary dimension of career problems. Design/ Methodlogy/Approach – The study was conducted with 208 nurses. Content validity, construct validity and reliability analysis was conducted using SPSS 20.0 and LISREL 8.8.
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Quality of life has become an important research subject in different disciplines. The objective of this research is to examine the metric characteristics of the questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30 (The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer’s Quality of Life Questionnaire) and to determine differences in the quality of life of people with and without malignant diseases. The assessment of the quality of life included two groups of interviewers: in the first group were adults with breast cancer, colon cancer and head/neck cancer (n=54), and in the second group there were adults without malignant diseases (n=266). Metric characteristics of the questionnaire were checked with the Rtt7 Programme, and for determination of differences between groups, robust discrimination analysis was used. Compared with the people without malignant diseases, patients have assessed their condition as better in terms of physical, business and emotional functioning, with some symptoms of fatigue and pain. Furthermore, patients have assesses their social functioning as worse, and stressed more symptoms of nausea and more financial difficulties as a result of disease. Patients have assessed overall quality of life and health condition as worse than the interviewers without diseases. Women with malignant diseases and women without diseases have assessed their business, physical and emotional functioning as worse, more symptoms in all life quality variables and more financial difficulties compared with men in the same group. However, women without diseases have assessed their overall life quality as better than the men in the same group. Women with breast cancer have assessed their quality of life in almost all variables as worse compared with the interviewers with other types of malignant diseases, while men with head/neck cancer have assessed their overall quality of life and health condition significantly better than women with breast cancer and patients with colon cancer. Gathered result show that patients assess their life quality as satisfying, however, in some areas, together with medical assistance, they need continuous psychosocial support, particularly women with breast cancer.
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The aim of this paper was to examine prosody in speech produced by deaf persons, and to determine whether there is connection between average hearing loss and control of certain prosodic feature (speech fundamental frequency, intonation, accent, pauses and speech rate). 12 prelingual deaf adolescents read testing material constructed to examine their control of selected prosodic features. In order to determine possible influence of pure tone average (PTA) on the observed prosodic features, the subjects were divided in two groups: subjects with PTA between 90 and 110 dB (N=8), and subjects with PTA above 110 dB (N=4). The differences between these groups were tested by using robust discriminant analysis. The results showed that the control of some prosodic features is related to PTA score - significant differences between groups of subjects were found in the ability to control the intonation, the use of pauses and the speech rate – which indicates that prosody is not uniformly affected in the category of deafness, but that some prosodic features remain preserved with lower degrees of deafness. On the other hand, the descriptive analysis showed substantial differences within groups, which indicates that some deaf persons with extremely high PTA score have potential to develop the same amount of control of some prosodic features as deaf persons with lower PTA score. Results of both descriptive and robust discriminant analysis indicate that PTA is not the measure sensitive enough to express the remaining ability of deaf persons to control prosody.
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In various fields of education, diagnostics, therapy and rehabilitation, the clinical entity body image is a very complex problem field. Within the topics: body image – form and content, biopsychosocial and other factors of body image development, scientific research studies and complementary supportive approaches to prevention and therapy of the body image disorder - some interpretations have been presented from the viewpoints of different disciplines. A special emphasis has been made on the problem field of body image experience in persons with motility disturbancies and chronic diseases. In a review of the results obtained from contemporary research, the necessity to develop interdisciplinary approaches for the purpose of studying interactions between numerous factors affecting the development of an person's body image has been emphasised.
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Sriphat hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, outpatient department (OPD) is under pressure as a consequence of high patient demand. The hospital administration has, therefore, approved the construction of a new building to cater for out-patients. Research has shown that the architectural features of a hospital building can affect therapeutic outcomes. Much of the support for this effect comes from research in evidence-based design (EBD) which aims to show a strong scientific link between environment and healthcare outcomes. An alternative view, the experience-based co-design process (EBCD), does not disagree with EBD per se, but argues for design input from those who will be the ultimate users (stakeholders) of a construct. Nursing Staff have a wealth of experience regarding building features that support their goal of an effective, efficient, and safe hospital working environment. This study involves an EBCD strategy model that considers the input from intended users of a new OPD. Input from current OPD nursing staff was gathered using survey and focus group discussion. Results indicated valuable insights from nurses. The adopted strategy is considered beneficial in determining user input to the design process.
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HIV/AIDS is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS is a complex concept that refers to prejudice, discounting, discrediting and discrimination directed at person perceived to have HIV/AIDS, as well as their parents, friends, families and countries. The study is to assess the causes and effects of stigmatization on compliance with therapeutic regimen among people living with HI/AIDS in in Kuje area council of the Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria. Data collected by means of structured questionnaire, presented and analysed in tabular form using simple percentage. A total of 100 respondents mostly women that is 60% aged between 26-35 years and 36-45 years respectively, and 70% married couples. The research reveals that 95% ever heard and knows the causes of AIDS, and 60% respondents agreed that people ling with HIV/AIDS have right to life and live and should not be stigmatized. More than 50% of the respondents said stigmatization to people living with HIV/AIDS may lead to hypertension while, 6 respondents representing 6% said stigmatization to people living with HIV/AIDS may lead to suicide. Recommendations were made based on finding, cutting across Government, Health Workers and the community with special attention to the Government in providing policies and programmes that will reduce the suffering of people living with HIV/AIDS in our community.
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This study deals with an interrelation of will, voluntary motor activity and pathophysiological substrate in patients with neuromuscular diseases. The study has included an available sample of 78 patients with chronic neuromuscular diseases. According to the stage of functional abilities in the range from V to VII, out of that sample 35 chronic patients have been extracted. Maximum static forces of muscular segments or functions of the hand have been evaluated on the basis of ergometric measurements. Research methods have been presented, and the correlations of maximum static forces of muscular segments and motility of the correspondent segments of the hand in three groups of patients have been received. The content of clinical research has been discussed in the light of contemporary approaches to education, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with motor disorders and chronic diseases. Within clinical assessment methods, the dimension of will in coping mechanisms and elements of self-assessment in subjects has been observed, as well as the quality of life of patients with neuromuscular diseases. Special consideration has been shown with regard to possibilities of the application of rehabilitation / assistive technology, as well as regarding the need to educate expert rehabilitators in this specific field. With the results of clinical research, some aspects of personal experience of the patients with neuromuscular diseases have been presented. For that purpose, quotes from Branko Bizjak’s book “Oboreni pesimizam” (“Suppressed Pessimism”) have been added.
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Emotional intelligence includes ability of "identifying emotions, emotional facilitation, understanding emotions and managing emotions" (Salovey and Mayer, 1997.). Emotional competency questioner UEK-45 (Taksic, 2002.) is used on adolescent group that suffers from motoric disorder and chronic desease, which achieved average result according to standard intelligence scale and are under rehabilitation treatment in Center "Dubrava". Motoric disorders are caused by neuromuscular illness; polytraumatic events and brain cancer while the chronic deseases are generally related to diabetes, hemophilia and heart and kidney dysfunctions. Motoric disorders distribution range is from small to large. The result from Emotional competency questioner will be shown in relation to functional level of motoric disorders. The result from UEK-45 is presented according to achievement in the: 1. emotion perception scale, 2. emotion expression capability scale, 3. emotion manipulation capability scale and complete scale UEK-45 (Taksic, 2002.). Functional level of motoric disorders consists of three categories: l. complete selfdependency, 2. partial self-dependency and 3. complete dependence on other.
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A multicultural approach in studying the influence of music on man's perception of pain is presented. Reference is made to contemporary research in psychoneurimmunology, pharmacology, anaesthesiology, neuropsychology, aesthetics of music and other disciplines, with regard to discovery of the ISO-principle, very important in the process of diagnostics and treatment, and in various fields of creative therapy. Reference is also made to the Gate Control Theory of Pain, and the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in development of various methods of therapy interventions is presented.
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In recent years phytosanitary situation in agrophytocenooses has worsened, and damage caused by diseases increased. In the conditions of field experiments in the vegetative seasons of 2015–2018 the dissemination of Fusarium and Alternaria spp., and composition of Fusarium species in Ukraine were studied. The selection of plant samples was carried out twice – at the beginning of vegetation and before entering into wintering. In autumn the samples of winter wheat with the symptoms of root rot from more than 150 fields from different oblasts of Ukraine were selected. Later these samples were analyzed using PCR method in real time to determine the species composition of Fusarium genus. In the analysis of grain material from different regions of Ukraine we determined high level of Fusarium infection. Fusariosis of grain were observed in several areas in more than 50% of samples from all regions of county. In all oblasts of Ukraine, the high level of Alternarìa infection were identified also. It is found out that the main sources of the root rot are F. tricinctum, F. graminearum, F. poae and F. avenaceum. The role of F. avenaceum, as the pathogen of root rot was at the level of F. graminearum and F. sporotrichioides in most regions of Ukraine.
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Some aspects of the development of an interdisciplinary field of psychosocial oncology within the discipline of motor disorders and chronic diseases at the Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb, have been presented. The authors state that, in the light of epidemiological indicators, the quantity of various diseases in the overall population is actually concealed and becomes more alarming in time. This is one of the reasons why interventions in the treatment of most of those chronic diseases are reduced to palliation, in which more importance is attached to collaboration of medical and paramedical experts. One of such problem fields are malignant diseases in children and adults. In that respect, an overview of some research projects has been given, i.e. the projects that were carried out in paediatric and adult oncology and at the Department for Motor Disorders and Chronic Diseases in collaboration with other clinics and departments in Croatian and abroad in the last 20-odd years. The projects were supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia, as well as by the Croatian Society for Psychosocial Oncology. The analysis of changes for the defined variables in the clinical treatment has been carried out by the INDIFF method. Within a case study, the trends of changes for the defined variables have been presented also in a controlled biological substrate (a diffirential blood test and immunoglobulin classes), as well as on the basis of observed variables on cognitive and psychosocial changes under the influence of supportive therapies. The importance of previous research projects in the field of rehabilitation of malignant neoplasm patients has been presented in correlation with the development of concepts of application of the applied complementary supportive methods in other fields as well (such as eating disorders). Psychosocial oncology has been considered within the context of development of the philosophy of the discipline, the development of its professional identity in a broad.field of education and rehabilitation sciences
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malignancy and completion of the combined oncology treatment (surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy). The second goal was to apply, for the first time in our country, the following world standards in the field of psycho-oncology set up by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) using a distress scale/distress thermometer on a sample of oncology patients who applied for psychological help and support in a private counseling center after completion of the oncological treatment. The examined sample consisted of 40 patients (30 women and 10 men) who, upon their first arrival at the counseling center and at the end of the initial psychological interview, were asked to fill the distress thermometer with the adequate explanations, provided that the self-assessment of the distress was significant to the further counseling psychological and/or psychotherapeutical treatment. The results of the whole sample showed that the highest percentage of patients examined (52.5%) evaluated various investigated problems as moderately stressful, 20% of patients assessed the problems as very stressful, 12.5% as slightly stressful and only 5% as not stressful. Related to practical problems, the largest percentage of patients assessed money and account payment issues (30%) and work - related issues (27.5%) as the most stressful. 22.5% of patients quote parenting and child care as the most stressful family problems. Concerning emotional problems, a significant percentage of patients (45%), quote concern and anxiety, 32.5% the existence of different fears, 22.5% sadness, and 20% irritability and tension as the most stressful emotional problems. 85% of patients stated that the fear of relapse of the disease is a problem that worries them the most. Patients in this study experience emotional problems considerably more stressful compared to other problems in the post-treatment period.
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The article describes the history of the creation and use of the Diterichs' splint, its main historical stages of creating Diterichs' splint for immobilization and their introduction into medicine. Diterichs' splint originates in 1931, when surgeon Mikhayil Mykhaylovych Diterichs published in the journal “Military Sanitary Affairs” his new invention ‑ a design for temporary fixation of the lower limb. Purpose of the study is to describe the historical stages of Diterichs' splint creation and its use in case of bone fractures of the lower limbs. The basic situations of overlapping Diterichs' splint are presented here and also requirements for special manufacture. Research methods are descriptive, classification and systematization methods for analysis, synthesis and synthesis of historical data on the development and implementation of Diterichs' splint in medicine of various types.
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Setting the problem in general form and its connection with important scientific or practical tasks. Training of foreign students takes an important place in the system of higher medical education in Ukraine. Teaching theoretical subjects, to which the history of medicine belongs, leads to searching for the optimal forms and methods of material presentation, checking the level of its mastering by the students. Besides, cultural, linguistic and mental factors play an important role and significantly affect the way how the material is presented, how the interdisciplinary links are made, how we appeal to the history and culture of the country from which the student came. Taking into consideration these important issues we can definitely raise the quality of education of foreigners in the medical higher educational institution.
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Various types of case technologies are analyzed in the article, the features of implementation of them in the educational process are highlighted. Professional preparation of highly skilled specialist during studies is sent not only to the accumulation of theoretical knowledge but also on forming of the clinical thinking and ability of acceptance of the self-weighted decisions in the conditions of stress for the short interval of time that will assist the increase of competitiveness in the conditions of modern labormarket. Therefore task of modern teacher to adapt to the new requirements of educational environment which requires an interactive approach in teaching the material. Problem of introduction of interactive methods in the educational process of higher educational establishments, absence of single approach near creation of case-study, in particular from “Premedical aid in extreme situations” predetermines actuality of this research.
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This article describes the achievements of the pathophysiological school established by Volodymyr Valerianovych Pidvysotskyi (1857–1913), founder of the first school of pathologists, immunologists, and microbiologists in Ukraine. The contribution of the scientific school of thought can be confirmed in insights into hepatic tissue regeneration, as well as biomedical research in the field of bacteriology and immunology. Among Pidvysotskyi’s students were the famous scientists O. F. M ankovskyi, I. G. S avchenko, S. M. S chastnyi, L. O . Tarasevich, D. K. Zabolotnyi, V. O . Taranukhin, F. I. L ominskyi, and others. The purpose of this article is to present the achievements of the first Ukrainian school of pathophysiologists.
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