"ETHICS BY MOVIE". AN ALTERNATIVE ETHICS TRAINING METHOD FOR FUTURE PROFESSIONALS. A PILOT STUDY AMONG ROMANIAN STUDENTS

Author(s): Daniela Tatiana AGHEORGHIESEI (CORODEANU),Vladimir Poroch / Language(s): English / Issue: 53/2016

The paper presents the results of an empirical research that explored the opinion of Romanian students from four different professional Master’s Degree programs, on the impact of applying the method that we have called “Ethics by Movie” (creating the students’ own video scenarios on an ethical topic in teams) on substantiating ethical knowledge, ethical attitude and ethical behavior. The final sample consisted of 395 respondents. The students appreciate several advantages of the above mentioned teaching and learning method (”an ideal practice for understanding a theoretical concept”, ”an interactive method of learning” that helped them ”to acquire ethical concepts more easily or to reflect more deeply on the importance which must be given to ethical behavior, on the consequences of unethical behavior”, etc). Our study might prove to be useful due to the fact that it revives attention to a complementary teaching method that can contribute to increasing awareness of the ethical issues around us, to learning ethical concepts in a more substantiated manner, to the need to solve the ethical dilemmas related to the fact that we must be solidarity in the fight against unethical actions and that, through everything we do, we can send out own ethical message.

"Tıp Öykücülüğü" Üzerine

Author(s): Hasan Erbay / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: Special/2017

Medicine is a discipline with its own rules and manner of operation. Literature is one of the dozens of kinds of art. The common point of both fields is that they touch human stories from within life. Human stories in the field of health are about the processes in which a person lives, may live or is able to live. With the definition of medical story, it is narrative which are written by medical staffs, especially physicians. Medical narratives are fictitious narratives connected with medical realities, interpreting the health environment from the perspective of a physician or health care provider. Such is the primary concern of the works in the literary concerns. The medical narratiation is a field with a limited number of examples in both Turkish literature and world literature. Due to the diversity of medical education models in recent years, there is a growing interest in the relationship of medicine with literature and social sciences. Both in terms of medical education and in the context of literary and medical literacy, “Medical Narratiation” as a product of “quest of beauty” is a new and distinctive area in Turkish literature.

"Съвременни аспекти при болестта на Бехтерев"

Author(s): Troycho Troev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2016

(Re)Designing Human. Genetics in Cinema. The Dialectics of Past, Present and Future

Author(s): Aneta Jalocha / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2013

The aim of the article is to analyse representations of genetic engineering in chosen science fiction films: GATTACA (1997), The Island (2005) and Never Let Me Go (2010). In the first section of the article, the author delineates the emergence of the concept of ‘biotechnology’ and the moment of its identification with genetics and molecular biology. In the following, she draws attention to sociocultural functions of genetics and the dynamics of forming public understanding of the scientific subdiscipline. In film interpretations, the author focuses on genetic engineering technologies depicted and the ethical issues raised by the depiction. She argues that science fiction creates images of the future immersed in the past and the present; and that science fiction should be recognized as an important space of negotiating the meanings and roles of genetic engineering; both reflecting and shaping the public concerns on the rapidly expanding domain of biotechnology.

150 години германски червен кръст (ГЧК ). Германският червен кръст в социалния живот на Федералната република днес

Author(s): Nadka Milanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2015

The author outlines the contemporary face of the Deutsches Rote kreuz on the occasion of its 150 th anniversary. She introduces the readers in the basic directions of Organization’s work. The large net of its branches, voluntaries, donators, partners and beneficients were pointed. So many people avail of its support and services. It was set out the efforts of DRK for advance in the social sphere by dialog with the state and municipal institutions working together with influential religious and humanitarian organizations. Many facts were adduced to prove the big achievements of DRK in the field of the public health and social services. The author informs about the appreciations of the Bundespresident Joachim Gauck for the place and historical merits of DRK. The important ideas of the DRK’s President d-r R.Seiters on the tasks that should be realized by the Organization during the coming years were also set forth.

1960 sonrasi Türk sağlik personeli politikasi üzerine bir değerlendirme

Author(s): Mehmet Burhanettin Coskun / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 33/2017

When the public administration of countries identified as a social and economic forms of organization is impossible to think outside the health sector of this form of organization. In this area, many spend the majority of national resources and the operation of the human field prevents the medical field and constrained to work. Since the establishment of the Republic was considered to be an essential task of the state health services were encouraged to take public organizations. After the 1960 reform of the health policy issues were on the agenda. Health services, policy-making / implementation in the context of redefining the evaluation in relation to the consequences of experienced conversion and also the transformation of health policy to be discussed with a critical perspective, currently ongoing is important for appropriate evaluation of the discussion. Turkish health personnel to work in the process of globalization in terms of policy, not an example of transformation of the public administration, is considered important by itself in today's public administration studies. Working labor changes in Turkish public administration system will serve to seeing through intensive service sector. The main problem of the health personnel system in Turkey is achieved with a flexible structure, starting from the 1960's.

20 години секция Медицински науки при Съюза на учените в България – клон Сливен

Author(s): Ivan Trifonov,Vasislav Petrov,Maria Todorova,Janeta Uzunova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1-2/2016

23 WEEKS NON RUPTURED TUBAL PREGNANCY: CASE REPORT

Author(s): CRANGU A. IONESCU,GLADYS AL JASHI,MIHAI BANACU,HORATIU HARADJA / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

Patient admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of threatened abortion at 25 weeks gestation is diagnosed intraoperatively with late second trimester tubal pregnancy. The misdiagnosis is made because of the rarity of advanced tubal pregnancy and the lack of early first trimester ultrasound examination and proper prenatal care. The patient was managed surgically and recovered uneventfully.

5–8 klasių mokinių sveikos gyvensenos žinios, įgūdžiai ir įpročiai, taikant informacijosmotyvacijos-įgūdžių modelį

Author(s): Vida Gudžinskiene,Jurate Cesnaviciene / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 2/2014

Currently, institutions of general education are creating preconditions for every learner to acquire knowledge on healthy lifestyle, as well as to develop correspondent skills and habits. The aim of the present article is to define the knowledge, skills and habits of healthy lifestyle of 5-8th form learners by applying the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills model. The research aim is concretised by the following objectives: to define the Information-Motivation- Behavioural Skills model and to identify the knowledge on healthy lifestyle of 5-8th formers, as well as to reveal the subjective evaluation of health-promoting skills and habits. Pursuing to answer the aforesaid tasks, analysis of scientific literature and empirical research, which included anonymous questionnaires for 5-8th formers of comprehensive schools (N=817: 48.7% of girls and 51.3% of boys), have been conducted. The data were processed applying the computer programme SPSS Statistics 16.0 for ‘Windows’. The following methods of mathematical-statistical analysis were applied for the analysis of the collected data: descriptive (percentage frequencies) and analytical (Pearson Chi-Square test) statistics. The Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills (IMB) model validates the combinability of information (as the initial and essential factor of the competence of health protection and promotion), personal and social motivation (as a second important factor), and skills and habits (as a third factor) in developing health protection and promotion competence at the junior stage of adolescence. The empirical research reveals that the knowledge of more than one half of learners about health and healthy lifestyle may be defined as insufficient; whereas more than a half of research participants, i.e. 5-8th form learners, do not demonstrate firm skills of healthy lifestyle: they do not attach sufficient attention to their daily diet, physical activity, have harmful habits, whereas the knowledge on personal hygiene does not always comply with correspondent behaviour. Therefore, despite the fact that the development of learners’ competence of health protection and promotion complies with the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills model and creates preconditions for learners to develop positive changes in their behaviour in terms of healthy lifestyle, it is assumed that different learners need to determine only sufficient and some superficial knowledge on the issues of healthy lifestyle and condition insufficient development of health-promoting habits. It would be expedient for researchers to define the motivation of learners to acquire knowledge on healthy lifestyle and develop skills and behaviour changes in terms of the links between the acquired competences of health education and promotion.

A bioethical perspective on man’s life and death

Author(s): Stefan Florea / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

This article presents an interdisciplinary approach of the problems of bioethics related to the human existence, namely life and death: abortion and euthanasia. The connection point between bioethics and Christian morals is generated by the meeting of the two cultures, the scientific technologized one based on the economic perspective on life and the humanistic-moral one, which needs to be founded on the protection of life.At the same time, bioethics must not be focused only on man, but ought to comprise the biosphere as a whole as well, namely any scientific intervention of man on life in general.

A Bonus Pastor két évtizede

Author(s): Levente Horváth / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 11/2016

A breakable heart

Author(s): Iuliana Ardeleanu,Cristian Statescu,Catalina Maria Georgescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2015

The Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) is useful in preventing sudden cardiac death in patients with known, sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Studies have shown ICDs to have a role in preventing cardiac arrest in high-risk patients who have not had, but are at risk for, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Newer-generation ICDs may have a dual function which includes the ability to serve as a pacemaker. The pacemaker feature would stimulate the heart to beat if the heart rate were detected to be too slow. The geographical incidence of sudden cardiac death varies depending on the prevalence of the coronary artery disease in different regions. This variation is partly due to the inclusion criteria used in various studies, but the overall event rate in Europe is similar to that of the United States. The ICD implantation can cause a variety of complications depending upon the experience of the medical team and also on the patient’s conditions. We present the case of a female implanted with an ICD in order to save her life, that became dangerous because of its malfunction.

A case of severe adolescent obsessive–compulsive disorder treated with inpatient hospitalization, risperidone and sertraline

Author(s): Mathew L. Nguyen,Michael A. Shapiro,Stephen J. Welch / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2012

The initial treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has generally been limited to serotonergic agents, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or a combination of the two. These findings were supported by the POTS study for OCD in children and adolescents. However, treatment with serotonergic agents or CBT can take several weeks before benefit is seen; severe cases of OCD may require more immediate treatment. Case report: The authors present a case of severe OCD in an adolescent that required immediate treatment due to her critical medical condition. The patient’s symptoms included not eating or taking medications or fluids by mouth due to fears of contamination. A medical hospitalization was previously required due to dehydration. As treatment with an SSRI would not have quick enough onset and the patient was initially resistant to participating in CBT, the patient was psychiatrically hospitalized and first started on liquid risperidone. After several doses of risperidone, the patient was able to participate in CBT and start sertraline. Discussion: The authors discuss the differential diagnosis of such a patient, including the continuum of OCD symptoms and psychotic symptoms. The authors discuss the different treatment options, including the utilization of inpatient psychiatric hospitalization. The authors discuss the potential risks and benefits of using atypical antipsychotics in lieu of benzodiazepines for the initial treatment of severe adolescent OCD. The authors also discuss other current treatment recommendations and rationale for the treatment that was pursued. Conclusions: This patient received benefit of her symptoms relatively quickly with psychiatric hospitalization and an atypical antipsychotic. The diagnosis of a psychotic disorder should be considered. These treatment options must be weighed against the risks of atypical antipsychotics, including extrapyramidal symptoms, weight gain, and metabolic syndrome; benzodiazepines also have their risks and benefits. Additionally, the cost of time and finances of inpatient hospitalization must be considered. More research is needed regarding the short- and long-term efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in the treatment of OCD in the child and adolescent population.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HEALTH UNITS OF THE 6TH GREEK HEALTH REGION DURING AN ECONOMIC CRISIS PERIOD THROUGH DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS METHOD

Author(s): Georgios I. Farantos,Nikitas Spiros Koutsoukis / Language(s): English / Issue: 8/2016

The aim of the present study is to investigate the change in relative efficiency through a comparative study on the efficiency of health units within a Greek health region during an economic crisis environment, with the aid of a new application. The study is designed to collect data from the 6th Greek health region and to process that data with the use of Data Envelopment Analysis software. The study methodology extends to the application of the study of efficiency of organisations and the integration of the analysis in an interpretation framework within the economic crisis. The study refers to similar hospital clinics (pathological) within one of the largest Greek health regions in order for the results to be comparable. We estimate and calculate the DEA sizes based on the CRS, VRS and SE models of the Health Units of a Greek health region, with the use of a new application which calculates the change of overall relative Efficiency during the crisis. The study of the change in the efficiency of health units leads to useful conclusions on the negative changes in the observed efficiency of the units and the integration of the studies on the change of efficiency in the Integrated crisis management. The study ranks the efficient and inefficient units and suggests ways of improvement. This study allows for further case studies in the future and the completion of the integrated crisis management model through comparative studies on the efficiency of systems.

A Comparative Study of the Foundations of Medical Ethics in Secular and Islamic Thought

Author(s): Mohsen Rezaei Aderyani,Mehrzad Kiani / Language(s): English / Issue: 40/2015

The principles of medical ethics, common as they are in the world at the present time, have been formed in the context of Western secular communities; consequently, secular principles and values are inevitably manifested in all corners of medical ethics. Medical ethics is at its infancy in Iran. In order to incorporate medical ethics into the country’s health system, either the same thoughts, principles, rules, and codes of Western communities should be translated and taught across the country, or else, if the principles and values and consequently the prominent moral rules and codes of Western medical ethics are not consistent with the culture, customs, and religion of our country, then new principles and values should be formulated that are more in harmony with our society. According to the available literature in Iran, the four principles proposed by Beauchamp and Childress do not contradict the Islamic-Iranian culture and can thus be generally applied in the mentioned context. However, the application of these four principles and their derivatives (e.g. regulations and codes) requires careful examination and adaptation to Islamic ethics. A comparison of the ontological, anthropological and epistemological foundations of secular and Islamic attitudes shows the differences between these two attitudes to be deep-rooted. “Rationalism,” “scientism,” and “humanism” are the main foundations of secularism, whereas “Godcentrism,” “pure human servitude to God,” the belief in “returning of humans to God,” “resurrection day,” and also human’s accountability to God are all fundamental beliefs and principles of religion for Muslims of all cults and sects. It can thus be concluded that the principles of secularist thought are different from and to some extent inconsistent with the principles of Islam. Instructions derived from secular thought can therefore not be implemented in an Islamic community; rather, these communities should adopt Islamic foundations as the source for the norms and standards of their medical ethics. The capacities of religious thought (in particular, Islam) make possible the formation of an ethical system consistent with Islamic Ummah.

A critical review of “Internet addiction” criteria with suggestions for the future

Author(s): Antonius J. Van Rooij,Nicole Prause / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2014

In the last 5 years a deluge of articles on the topic of Internet addiction (IA) has proposed many candidate symptoms as evidence of this proposed disease. We critically reviewed the current approach to the measurement and identification of this new excessive behavior syndrome. Methods: Three popular models of IA were discussed: Griffith’s components model; Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT); and the criteria by Tao et al. (2010). We selected these models because they are widely cited and propose specific criteria for IA disorder. Our approach is not meant to provide an exhaustive review, but to discuss and critique the most salient trends in the field. Results: The models of Internet addiction share some criteria, including feeling a loss of control over Internet use; ensuing psychological, social, or professional conflict or problems; and preoccupation when not using the Internet. Other criteria inconsistently mentioned include: mood management, tolerance, withdrawal, and craving/anticipation. The models studied here share the assumption that the Internet can produce a qualitative shift to a diseased state in humans. Conclusions: We critically discussed the above criteria and concluded that the evidence base is currently not strong enough to provide support for an Internet addiction disorder. Future research areas are suggested: (1) Focusing on common impaired dimensions, (2) exploring neuroimaging as a model building tool, and (3) identifying shifts in the rewarding aspects of Internet use. Given the lack of consensus on the subject of Internet addiction, a focus on problem behaviors appears warranted.

A Defining Moment - Transnational Nursing Education

Author(s): Nirmala Arunasalam / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2017

A DEFINING MOMENT, Transnational Nursing Education by Dr Nirmala ARUNASALAM is a competent and accessible text focusing on nurse education. Recommended for teaching and learning as well as pedagogical courses at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It is a must have and a must read in a world of “pseudo factum knowledge” where social and human oriented professions and scientific disciplines such as nursing are getting little attention. The depth of the background for this study, and the intimate self-reflection Dr Arunasalam provides for this monograph greatly enhances the quality of the study. This book is an insightful exploration of an example of transnational higher education which identified some key questions that need to be asked about such programmes.

A depresszió kialakulását valószínűsítő hálózatok

Author(s): Domonkos Sik / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 4/2016

The paper aims at reinterpreting the psychological insights on the formation of depression from the perspective of critical theories and tests the resulting model. In the first part of the paper based on Bourdieu’s, Giddens’, Habermas’, Honneth’s and Lash’s theories of social integration, an attempt is made to identify those network constellations, which simultaneously block goal attainment and veil the social components of the blocking. These distorted networks are considered to be contributing factors of the emergence of depression. In the second part of the paper based on the database of ESS 2012 the correspondence of such network distortions and depression is analyzed along with the causes of the adding up of various distortions.

A Greek tragedy of our time? Institutional and financial dimension of Health Promotion for Older People in Greece

Author(s): Milena Pavlova,Yannis Skalkidis,Wim Groot,Agnieszka Sowa,Stanislawa Golinowska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Despite the numerous legislative documents and public health institutions in Greece, the country lacks a comprehensive and robust long-term policy perspective in the public health area. The traditionally higher priority attached to curative care than to public health actions, is the major reason of the shortcomings. This country report draws upon several national reports focused on the Greek health system, and other country-specific sources in order to outline the major institutional and financing challenges for health promotion in Greece, and specifically health promotion for older adults. The paper is based on the method of narrative literature review. The findings show that health promotion actions for elderly persons do take place in Greece but mainly in urban areas and/or within the framework of EU-funded projects. Government efforts are required to stimulate coordinated public health interventions at the local level focusing on the positive effects of health promotion. The health promotion programs that are successfully implemented, should receive the necessary government support to assure their long-term sustainability.

A gyógyító és betegítő iskola

Author(s): Géza Sáska / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2013

The definition of what is considered a disease is a social product, just as much as what needs to be done to prevent one from getting it. Essentially, the phenomenon of a healthy school emerged during the period of Enlightenment in the 18th Century, at the same time as when the institutional system of public health and public education was simultaneously being established. At the beginning, the focus of medicine was upon hygiene issues i.e. so that one could avoid epidemics; and educational experts were thinking in terms of health education and the treatment of sick students. The conflict arose when school doctors received health education-related tasks in the 19th and 20th Centuries. The competition-based new public educational system created new problems, including an ‘overload’ of pupils. Many doctors saw a correlation between the degree of workload at schools and students’ illnesses. Psychologists tended to view damage suffered by the spirit in a similar vein; while teachers then saw the possibility of creating therapy-based schools. At the beginning of the 20th century, the ideology which was critical of schools became in turn a criticism of society, with the argument that a sick society makes sick schools.