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7.00 €

Ryzyko uzależnienia młodzieży szkolnej od narkotyków. Strategie profilaktyczne i interwencyjne podejmowane w środowisku lokalnym

Author(s): Iwona Malorny / Language(s): Polish

The book addresses an issue of drug abuse, which is becoming a growing social problem in Poland. The socio-economic and political changes in recent years have increased the number of factors detrimental to children and youth. As a result of this, increasingly more young people turn to psychoactive substances. What is particularly alarming is the increasingly younger age of children who begin to use a substance. Hence, the following book is addressed mainly to teachers/educators/parents with an aim to provide them with indispensable knowledge to help them protect children and youth from the hazards and consequences of drug abuse. This monograph presents the latest trends in addiction prophylaxis and interventional strategies to be employed in the event of hazards to life and health with persons under the influence. It also prompts for reflection on the quality, adequacy and efficacy of the prophylactic actions undertaken by specialists. Drug addiction inflicts irreparable harm in every sphere of human life. Its enormous social costs make the intensification of actions aimed to curb substance abuse an urgent social need. As shown by the reports from the NIK (Supreme Chamber of Control), actions were initiated in Poland to create a comprehensive drug abuse profylaxis system for school children and youth at all levels of education. These encompass mainly designing projects to prevent drug abuse at particular administrative levels (including schools) and assigning specific tasks to appropriate authorities, institutions and entities. However, the so far implemented actions have not produced sufficient prophylaxes, and the quality of actions undertaken within the framework of these projects turned out to be inadequate to the scale and significance of the problem. The book consists of three chapters. Chapter one discusses the issues relevant to drug abuse including the causes, ways of prevention and strategies of intervention. It also presents the conception of assimilative prophylaxis, which is a new approach towards work with youth at risk of drug addiction. Chapter two presents the methodological premises for author’s own research, which was conducted according to clearly defined procedures and research strategy. It also analyses the results of studies on premises of Centrum Interwencji Kryzysowej i Przeciwdziałania Uzależnieniom (Centre for Crisis Intervention and Addictions Prevention) in Bytom in 2014. They encompass an analysis of survey data and data obtained from interviews with the addicted persons treated in the above mentioned institution. Chapter three proposes scenarios for classes within the framework of the author’s own project of therapeutic actions based on the conclusions of research and founded in assimilative prophylaxis. This project was implemented in Katolicki Ośrodek Rehabilitacyjno-Wychowawczy „Dom Nadziei” (Catholic Rehabilitation-Education Centre „House of Hope”) in Bytom on a stationary round-the-clock ward for therapy and rehabilitation of youth.

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Injecting Drug Users In Bulgaria. Profile and Risks

Author(s): Tihomir Bezlov,Cas Barendregt / Language(s): English

Despite the epidemic rate of growing use of psychoactive substances after 1990, the public continues to know too little about the drug users, as well as about the risks related to them. In the summer of 2003 four Bulgarian non-government organizations – Initiative for Health Foundation - Sofia, Dose of Love Association - Bourgas, Panacea Foundation - Plovdiv, and Pleven 21 Century Foundation in cooperation with the Addiction Research Institute IVO - Rotterdam succeeded in conducting a survey requiring special efforts. They implemented an outreach approach to the IDUs providing needles and syringes for exchange, as well as health services. As a result from this experience the programmes were able to secure a unique possibility to interview a great number of not easily approachable persons (from hidden and encapsulated communities) who were to provide answers to questions that are not easy to talk about.

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Heroin Users in Bulgaria One Year After Outlawing The Dose for "Personal Use". Law Changes and New Risks

Author(s): Tihomir Bezlov / Language(s): English

The report reveals the place of heroine use in Bulgaria and its development since the amendment to the Penal Code repealing Paragraph 3 of Art 354a and its provision. The revision gained public popularity as „the single dose law”. It renders criminal every drug substance possession, regardless of the type or quantity of the substance, or whether the individual in possession of the dose is dependent or not. Under the new regulation, the drug wholesalers, the small drug dealers, and those just using, not trading in drugs, are treated equally harshly. The change was carried out, despite keen objections on the part of experts and civil society organizations that it might lead to severe and unpredictable consequences. The research, however, revealed that the ban on the „single dose”, and its negative implications, are only part of a larger nationwide problem caused not only by the legislative framework, but also by the inadequate institutional response. Author of the publication is Mr. Tihomir Bezlov, researcher from Center for the Study of democracy.

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Live Online Betting: The Answer to Every Gambler’s Wish

Author(s): Šárka Licehammerová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Live online betting has the potential to become a universal tool for gambling with a high potential for problems thanks to its broad availability (temporal, local, financial, and social) and the flexibility in the ways of treating and gaining rewards. Gambling, generally, has a whole system of specific characteristics and mechanisms. There are some common phenomena, like chasing loses, belief in the possibility for betterment, and searching. However, there are many types of gambling. Each type of gambling has specific, attractive features. Sport gamblers, slot machine players, poker players, casino players – these are the groups of people who have slightly different perspectives on gambling and its positives and negatives; they have different motivations for gambling (conscious and unconscious).

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Playing Massively Multiplayer Online Games: A Dangerous Time-Consuming Leisure?

Author(s): Pascaline Lorentz / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Individuals are at risk when they use the internet. Video gamers playing online games are at risk when they play too much. What is too much? The amount of time is often used for assessing the border between a safe and a potentially dangerous gaming practice. Quantitative research on addiction to video games uses the amount of time played as a strong indicator to foresee problematic behavior. Easy to measure and easy to ask, the amount of time played appears to be the perfect indicator for any potentially harmful practice. Gamers are even classified according to playing time. The scholarship strongly indicates a link between time played and the prevalence of problems.

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28.93 €

I Know What Iʼm Doing: Experiences of Women who Use Methamphetamine

Author(s): Magda Frišaufová / Language(s): English

Women drug users have been in the focus of social science research for several decades. Quite a lot has been written about their specific situation, especially concerning their unequal gender position, higher stigmatization, or harder access to treatment or social services. On the other hand, not much attention has been given to their strategies of resistance, or dealing with problems they encounter in their everyday lives. In this book, the author provides a different view on their living situations. Through the narrative analysis of qualitative interviews and focus groups with seven women who have experience with long-term methamphetamine use, the author explores not only the challenges that they face, but also the strengths and agency they use to influence and take control of their lives, and negotiate their needs and interests with the world around them.

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The Consumption of Drugs in Romanian Schools and its Effects over the Health and Development of the Individual

Author(s): Cristian Dan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The consumption of drugs has remained a long term issue of a significant importance, due to the fact that the substances which accelerate the production of endorphins at the neocortex level present an extended effect or even a definitive one in regards of the cognitive-emotional capacity of the consumer. This kind of practice is not absent in Romania, the number of persons taking in these type of elements showing a significant growth in the last 20 years. The current paperwork will largely focus on analyzing the factors which bring contribution to the distribution and consumption of drugs, especially in schools, and how they affect the social, cultural, cognitive and psychological evolution of the normal person. In the same manner, the article will bring into attention the current legislation of Romania in accordance with this subject, the methods used for prevention and tackling with the phenomenon of illegal substances and the support brought by the dispositions applied at the European Union level. At the end, a series of conclusions will have the main goals of correlating the Romanian legislation with the European one and to shed light upon the methods offered by the educational system in order to stop the accelerated spread of this vice between the students and the sanctions applied.

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4.50 €

„Volte své jedy!“ K problematice vztahu trampské subkultury k alkoholu a krčemnému prostředí

Author(s): Karel Altman / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Although the need to compensate life in the rush and buzz of the city made its numerous inhabitants seek quiet recreation outdoors, some of them sought recreation as well as excitement, whose source were adventures inspired by their ideas of the Wild West. In the past century, its heroes, real or fictional, have become the symbols of the bearers of a distinctive and unique subculture called tramping, popular exclusively in Czechia (and partly Slovakia). In spite of the unique lifestyle, tramps could not do outdoors without refreshment, food and drink, which were provided by taverns and pubs in villages and secluded places near their campsites. Those businesses that proved successful and effective from the perspective of our tramps and men of prairies became known as tramp taverns. It was mainly there, especially during various excesses, that their god, Pajda, had to stand by them.

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NÁZORY ŽÁKŮ NA PRIMÁRNÍ PREVENTIVNÍ PROGRAM „HRA NA HRANĚ“ NA VYBRANÝCH ŠKOLÁCH

Author(s): Michaela Fialová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The chapter presents a program of primary prevention called ‘Stacked Deck’ of the American organization Hazelden, which has been taken over into the Czech environment by the Company Podané ruce o.p.s. This game focuses on the problem of gambling. The program is designed for pupils from 7th to 9th grades of elementary schools and pupils of secondary schools. The chapter refers to the pathological gambling in theory with a focus on the emergence of addiction, treatment, and the risk of addiction. In the research, we have focused on pupils‘ views on the primary prevention program in particular on activities offered to pupils. The aim was to find out which activities are the most and least attractive for pupils.

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Výsledky realizace 1. roku projektu krátké intervence v praxi zdravotníků

Author(s): Lidmila Hamplová,Soňa Jexová,Renata Procházková,Eva Marková,Jana Hlinovská / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Short interventions is about practical approach, using illustrative educative cards, which are demonstrating danger of alcohol abuse, smoking and motivating to physical activate and healthy food habits. Task is clear – to increase health awareness of person being intervened and responsibility to own healthiness. Long term goal is to decrease incidence of illnesses, which are mainly caused by in-healthy living style and low pedigree of own heath. Short interventions are applicable across all age groups and financial cost are actually low. Students of General Nurse program of “Vysoká škola zdravotnická” were trained in short application intervention which are being realized crossed contracted partners under project of “Application of short intervention in practice”. This program was supported by grant program Ministry of Health and National health program – project of health support years 2016-2017.

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Hagiografie și alcool

Author(s): Bogdan Mihai Dascălu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Nu poți atinge extazul decât trecând mai întâi prin infern. în cadrul ritualului masochist, se pot observa două etape: provocarea durerii fizice, urmată de obținerea plăcerii. Rapoartele psihiatrilor - bune cel mult pentru statistici - susțin că „dorințele perverse ale indivizilor masochiști pot foarte bine să meargă până la consecințe extreme” (Krafft-Ebing, Viața lui Sacher Masoeh). Rănire gravă și omor: supliciu, durere care nu poate fi suportată decât într-o stare de absolută detașare. Acest prim stadiu nu este, în esență, decât o „mors mystica”, moment inaugural al oricărei mari inițieri. Abia acum începe autoflagelarea. Asemenea celei practicate de sfinți. Referindu-se la penitență și la viața preafericită, unul dintre marii mistici ai secolului al XIV-lea, Meister Ecxhart, face două afirmații mai mult decât edificatoare: „Mulți oameni își închipuie că trebuie să facă lucruri mari și exterioare: să postească, să meargă cu picioarele goale și alte penitențe. Dar adevărata penitență și cea mai bună dintre toate, cea care permite progresul până în cel mai înalt grad, constă în a te îndepărta total și în mod desăvârșit de tot ceea ce nu este cu adevărat Dumnezeu... și a te întoarce cu totul către Dumnezeul preaiubit, într-o iubire statornică, într-o mare cucernicie și o mare dorință de el” (Cartea consolării divine, p. 38). Cu ușurință se poate trage concluzia că masochistul, sclavul adică, nu vede în stăpânul său, mai bine-zis, călăul său, nimic altceva decât un principiu divin. Stăpânul este centrul universului, un veritabil „axis mundi” îndreptat către Dumnezeu.

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Sebaregulácia, depresivita a problematické používanie internetu

Author(s): Viktória Kopuničová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The paper is focused on current problem of Internet use and presents the research result of the problematic internet use. In our research was shown that selfregulation and depression have relation to problematic internet use among secondary school students and also university students. A significant difference was found in subscales of Problematic internet use (Negative outcomes, Mood regulation). The paper is part of realized project focused on research of risky behavior in cyberspace. Attention was also focused on defensive strategies against some forms of risk behavior in cyberspace which students selected as the best. It´s was shown that the most preference strategy was designed "tell it to parents" and the worst strategy was designed "do nothing, it will gone".

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Osobnostné, rodinné a situačno-motivačné faktory pravidelného pitia u vysokoškolákov

Author(s): Zuzana Mičková,Zuzana Rojková / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the topic of alcoholic behavior and its influencing factors. Personal, family and situation-motivational factors we examine in the population of college students and analyze them in the context of the occurrence (or non-occurence) of regular drinking. To obtain the data the questionnaires were used: NEOFFI (Ruisel, & Halama) (neuroticism, extraversion), The questionnaire of education style in the family (Čáp, & Boshek) and original Questionnaire of situation-motivational alcohol behavior factors (Rojková, 2010). The aim is to determine whether neuroticism, extraversion, education style in the family or alcohol behavior in the family and dependence in the family relate to the incidence of regular drinking among college students. Further we investigate the links between extraversion, neuroticizmom and situation-motivational faktors of regular drinking "influence of group" and "escape from problems".

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Overovanie a modifikácia Dotazníka situačno-motivačných faktorov alkoholového správania

Author(s): Zuzana Mičková,Zuzana Rojková / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with a highly actual issue of drug behavior and its influencing factors. We introduce the concept of situation-motivational factors (SMF), creation and verification of the original questionnaire that detects these factors. SMF concept was originally created for the two forms of alcoholic behavior. SMF of alcohol experimentation: influence of family influence of (peer) group, curiousness and the desire for novelty, escape from problems; SMF of regular drinking: influence of group, desire for effect, escape from problems. The questionnaire designed to measure the SMF of experimentation with alcohol and of regular drinking among adults was initially applied in alcoholics (N = 152) and non-alcoholics (N = 82) (ensured validity, reliability). In the following years it was applied in the various studies in adolescents, young adults and older adults of nonpathological (independent) population and was modified for binge drinking or experimenting with smoking. In the current paper are presented the results of psychometric verification of The Questionnaire of situationmotivational alcohol-behavior factors - Part 1 "EXPERIMENTATION" in a sample of 539, Part 2 "REGULAR DRINKING" in a sample of 397 respondents. We also mention the results of testing relations between SMF, some personality traits, age of alcohol (smoking) initialization and age at initiation of regular drinking, which can indicate the application value of the introduced concept and methodics.

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Tobacco Tax and Tobacco Consumption in Slovakia

Author(s): Martin Geško / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Selective consumption taxes and particularly the excise tax on tobacco and tobacco products represent the important source of income for the state budget of the Slovak Republic. In 2016 the tobacco tax revenue amounted to EUR 673.2 million, which represents 6.12% share of the total tax revenues.As the argument for increasing the excise taxes on tobacco products the idea that selective excise taxes have a significant impact on reducing the consumption of the taxed commodities, and thus contribute to mitigating the negative effects associated with their consumption, is widely used. The price sensitivity of the tobacco consumers has been indicated by several scientific papers, mainly from various health organizations. The aim of this paper is to verify whether the development of the excise tax on tobacco and tobacco products in SR indicates the sensitivity of the Slovak tobacco consumers to increased tax rates and prices as well as to determine the factors which could influence their elasticity.

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Analysis of Consumption Tax Dependence on Beer consumption in the Czech Republic

Author(s): Eva Kolářová,Vendula Kolářová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The tax on alcohol falls under excise duties, which form part of the state budget. Alcohol is one of the most harmful psychotropic substances. There is probably no one in the Czech Republic who does not know beer. It's the most popular alcoholic beverage. The total amount of alcohol consumption is logically made by the consumption of each type of alcohol. Alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic is one of the largest in the EU according to the 2017 OECD results. It may also depend on the level of consumer income and the price of alcohol affected by the tax rate on alcoholic beverages. Furthermore, macroeconomic indicators such as unemployment, GDP growth and inflation may also affect consumption. The aim of our article is to determine whether the level of taxation will affect the reduction of beer consumption, whether the amount of wages will affect the amount of beer consumption, whether the ban on smoking in restaurants and public spaces will affect beer consumption.

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Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Bağımlılık Türleri Açısından İncelenmesi

Author(s): Fikret Gülaçtı,Esra Demirel,Zeynep Çiftci / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

In the study, it was aimed to examine the relationships between the risk levels of smoking, alcohol, substance and internet use addiction among university students. The sample consists of 1189 associate, undergraduate and graduate students studying at Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University. According to the findings, the risk of smoking addiction according to the gender of the participants and the income of the family; It has been observed that it varies according to the status of smoking and alcohol use in the family and whether or not to work at the moment, but it does not differ according to the educational status of the parents. It was concluded that the risk of substance addiction differed according to the family alcohol use status of the participants, but did not differ significantly for other variables. It has been determined that there is a difference between the variables of internet addiction and alcohol use in the family and whether they are currently working or not, and there is no difference in terms of mother, father education, gender, family income and smoking in the family. It has been determined that the risk of alcohol addiction differs according to the variables of gender, mother's education, father's education, family income, smoking and alcohol use in the family, and whether or not to work at the moment. According to the findings, the relationship between the risk of internet addiction and substance addiction, alcohol use in the family, substance use in the family and currently working at work; between cigarette addiction and alcohol use risk, substance use risk, gender, family income, family smoking status, family alcohol use, and employment status; between alcohol dependence and substance use risk, gender, mother's education, father's education, family income, smoking in the family, alcohol use in the family, and current employment status; A relationship was found between substance abuse and family alcohol use.

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4.60 €

Madde Bağimliliği ve Siddet Döngüsü: Madde Bağimlisi Kadinlarda Siddet Deneyiminin Incelenmesi

Author(s): Aslıhan Ardıç Çobaner,Günseli Doğan Binol / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Violence emerges as an important risk factor in the process of women starting to use substances and substance addiction. So much so that, while violence increases the risk of starting substance use as a cycle, it continues in the addiction process, taking different forms, and sometimes turns women into perpetrators of violence. The purpose of this study is to examine the types of violence that women who use substances encounter during the process of starting substance use and addiction, and the impact of this violence on the substance addiction process (starting substance use and treatment). Additionally, this study examines the obstacles women face in the process of substance use and substance addiction, in starting and continuing treatment; it aims to understand whether the violence factor continues in this process and the relationship between these obstacles and gender. The study was planned according to the phenomenological (interpretive) approach, one of the qualitative research methods, and the data was collected through in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted face-to-face and online with women over the age of 18 with a history of substance addiction residing in Ankara and Mersin, at alcohol and substance addiction treatment centers (AMATEM) and Green Crescent Counseling Centers (YEDAM) in these provinces. The study aims to contribute to the studies that appear to be insufficient in the Turkish literature in the field of women and substance addiction, to protect women from substance addiction, to identify the barriers in treatment processes, and to increase their participation in these processes.

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0.00 €

Equalization of Excise Duty on Strong Alcoholic Beverages

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): English

Equalization of Excise Duty on Strong Alcoholic Beverages

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Vojna drogových kartelov v Mexiku a jej implikácie pre mexicko-americké vzťahy

Author(s): Ivan Kovač / Language(s): Czech

Mexico is practically the most important transit country for drug production from all of South America, taking into account its strategically important geographical location as a neighbor of the USA. According to data from the US Department of State, up to 90% of cocaine enters the US through Mexico. Today's powerful and highly organized smuggling groups are successors in the long smuggling history of the Mexican cartels. During the long period of one-party rule in Mexico (the PRI government; 1929-2000), the authorities tried to keep the negative effects, mainly violence, to a minimum, also by using quiet "drug trafficking management". In practice, this meant that central and regional governments often turned a blind eye to these crimes, either for profit or to maintain the peace. The result of the government's passive policy towards the cartels was mutual tolerance based on the principle of non-interference. Until the first half of the 90s, armed conflicts between competing drug organizations were only sporadic.

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