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"BIO SAM NAVUČEN" – TRANSFORMATIVNO ISKUSTVO BIVŠIH ZAVISNIKA: ULOGA NARATIVNOG IDENTITETA, RELIGIJSKE KONVERZIJE I SOCIJALNE PODRŠKE U PROCESU REHABILITACIJE

Author(s): Srđan Sremac,Tatjana Radić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2010

The theme of the article is the narrative reconstruction of identity among former heroin addicts in which it is necessary to replace an old, stigmatized identity with a new one. Furthermore, religious conversion and social support are seen as key aspects of this process. The authors do not claim that a narrative reconstruction of identity is the sole or most important factor in the cure of addicts, but is certainly an unavoidable aspect of successful recovery. The authors base this claim on 10 interviews undertaken with former addicts. Moreover, the authors emphasize that a narrative method makes possible an adequate approach to the analysis of testimonies of conversion and in this way helps researchers to more easily understand the psychological and spiritual transformation of former addicts, as well as a better comprehension of the role of spirituality in their narratives. In this work the authors understand conversion as an adaptive mechanism which helps a former addict to get rid of psychological conflicts and to in this way create a new self-narrative. Furthermore, the authors consider that on the occasion of telling a story, addicts are given the opportunity for reinterpreting and reconstructing their past, as well as planning their future in the context of newly-adopted religious (canonical) language. Therefore, former addicts construct their life story as a typical story of conversion.

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12 STEPS AND ABSTINENCE: HOW DO I STAY SOBER?

Author(s): Tamas Hetenyi,Ibolya Kotta / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The present study was conducted among 12-steps communities of recovery (Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous) in Hungary. As these communities become more and more frequented, it is of interest to explore how recovering addicts implement their specific program of recovery and what psychological characteristics are affected by this process. The study presumed that longer time in abstinence predicted lower levels of chronic stress and higher levels of subjective well-being, given that participants were working actively on their sobriety/recovery. Thus, it was assumed that more intense work on sobriety would lead to lower levels of stress and higher levels of well-being. After filtration, N = 148 recovering addicts were included in the study. The participants completed a test-battery including queries on sobriety efforts (SEQ); Perceived Stress Survey (PSS-13) and the shortened version of WHO’s well-being questionnaire (WB15). The results show that abstinence doesn’t influence levels of stress neither in itself nor through active work on recovery. Nevertheless, a more intense work on sobriety (adhering to the 5 suggestions of 12 step program) predicted higher levels of subjective well-being. Recovering addicts commit themselves most actively to the recommendations of the 12-step communities during their first to five years of their abstinence. Our study makes a stand for anonymous recovery programs and argues that active efforts of maintaining sobriety are essential for sustainable recovery and long-term sobriety, and adherence to the five recommendations of these 12-step communities predict subjective well-being.

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2nd International Conference on Behavioral Addictions

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: suppl.1/2015

Abstracts of the 2nd International Conference on Behavioral Addictions. March 16–18, 2015; Budapest, Hungary

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4th International Conference on Behavioral Addictions February 20–22, 2017 Haifa, Israel

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: suppl.1/2017

“Collection of abstracts of the 4th International Conference on Behavioral Addictions, February 20-22, 2017, Haifa, Israel”

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5th International Conference on Behavioral Addictions (ICBA2018), April 23–25, 2018, Cologne, Germany

Author(s): Zsolt Demetrovics / Language(s): English Issue: suppl.1/2018

1. Keynote presentations 2. Minitalks 3. Oral presentations 4. Author index

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A BIG PROBLEM OF YOUNG PEOPLE

Author(s): Erna Oklapi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The most difficult subject that many politicians evade, as well as the people at large, are the problems of young people today. The problem of drug consumption presents the greatest danger of all. My personal belief as regards this is simple and clear. I’m not like the “others” who “don’t know” or “don’t see” what is going on with young people. I don’t take it as a taboo subject and don’t run away from it. In the following, I want to explain that the use of narcotics by young people brings about their ruin, as well as that of the society as a whole and, finally, of the state in which drug addiction is of a mass scale.

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A brief report on the relationship between self-control, video game addiction and academic achievement in normal and ADHD students

Author(s): Maryam Haghbin,Fatemeh Shaterian,Davood Hosseinzadeh,Mark D. Griffiths / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

Over the last two decades, research into video game addiction has grown increasingly. The present research aimed to examine the relationship between video game addiction, self-control, and academic achievement of normal and ADHD high school students. Based on previous research it was hypothesized that (i) there would be a relationship between video game addiction, self-control and academic achievement (ii) video game addiction, self-control and academic achievement would differ between male and female students, and (iii) the relationship between video game addiction, self-control and academic achievement would differ between normal students and ADHD students. Methods: The research population comprised first grade high school students of Khomeini-Shahr (a city in the central part of Iran). From this population, a sample group of 339 students participated in the study. The survey included the Game Addiction Scale (Lemmens, Valkenburg & Peter, 2009), the Self-Control Scale (Tangney, Baumeister & Boone, 2004) and the ADHD Diagnostic checklist (Kessler et al., 2007). In addition to questions relating to basic demographic information, students’ Grade Point Average (GPA) for two terms was used for measuring their academic achievement. These hypotheses were examined using a regression analysis. Results: Among Iranian students, the relationship between video game addiction, self-control, and academic achievement differed between male and female students. However, the relationship between video game addiction, self-control, academic achievement, and type of student was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Although the results cannot demonstrate a causal relationship between video game use, video game addiction, and academic achievement, they suggest that high involvement in playing video games leaves less time for engaging in academic work.

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A COMMENTARY ON THE PROHIBITION OF ALCOHOL ADVERTISING IN LITHUANIA IN RELATION TO MINORS

Author(s): Marianna Džačková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The Republic of Lithuania enacted new alcohol legislation, which includes many alcohol beverages control measures. One of the most controversial was the ban of alcohol advertising in mass media, which provoked negative reactions of alcohol market and foreign media. This rule triggered whole-society discussion about the positive impact on society, especially minors. The author analyses the enacted Lithuanian regulation and different opinions, as well as the comparison with the broadcasting regulation of alcohol advertising in the Slovak Republic which has similar world position in international drinking ratings.

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A counselling line for problem and pathological gambling in South Africa: Preliminary data analysis

Author(s): Dan J. Stein,Adele Pretorius,Heidi Sinclair / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2014

Various countries and states have established telephone counselling lines for people with pathological or problem gambling. Data from such services may contribute to describing systematically the nature of gambling problems in a particular area. To date, however, few data have been published on such a telephone counselling line in a low or middle income country. Method: Data on calls to the telephone counselling line of the National Responsible Gambling Foundation of South Africa were captured over a 6-month period. Such data include socio-demographic variables, the primary reason for calling, the source of the referral, preferred method of gambling, impairment as a consequence of gambling, and history of treatment for psychiatric disorders, comorbid alcohol abuse and illicit drug use. Results: Calls were received from a broad range of people; the mean age of callers was 37 years, the majority were male (62%) and many were married (45%). Primary reasons for calling included the feeling of being unable to stop gambling without the help of a professional (41%), financial concerns (32%), legal problems (13%), pressure from family (10%), and suicidal thoughts (2%). The majority of callers contacted the counselling line after having heard about it by word of mouth (70%). The most common forms of gambling were slot machines (51%) and casino games (21%). Fourteen percent of callers reported having received help for other psychiatric disorders, 11% reported alcohol use disorders and 6% illicit drug use. Conclusion: These data from South Africa are consistent with prior research indicating that pathological and problem gambling are seen in a range of socio-demographic groups, and that such behaviour is associated with significant morbidity and comorbidity. More work is needed locally to inform younger gamblers, gamblers using the informal gambling sector, and unemployed gamblers of the existing telephone counselling lines.

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A critical review of “Internet addiction” criteria with suggestions for the future

Author(s): Antonius J. Van Rooij,Nicole Prause / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2014

In the last 5 years a deluge of articles on the topic of Internet addiction (IA) has proposed many candidate symptoms as evidence of this proposed disease. We critically reviewed the current approach to the measurement and identification of this new excessive behavior syndrome. Methods: Three popular models of IA were discussed: Griffith’s components model; Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT); and the criteria by Tao et al. (2010). We selected these models because they are widely cited and propose specific criteria for IA disorder. Our approach is not meant to provide an exhaustive review, but to discuss and critique the most salient trends in the field. Results: The models of Internet addiction share some criteria, including feeling a loss of control over Internet use; ensuing psychological, social, or professional conflict or problems; and preoccupation when not using the Internet. Other criteria inconsistently mentioned include: mood management, tolerance, withdrawal, and craving/anticipation. The models studied here share the assumption that the Internet can produce a qualitative shift to a diseased state in humans. Conclusions: We critically discussed the above criteria and concluded that the evidence base is currently not strong enough to provide support for an Internet addiction disorder. Future research areas are suggested: (1) Focusing on common impaired dimensions, (2) exploring neuroimaging as a model building tool, and (3) identifying shifts in the rewarding aspects of Internet use. Given the lack of consensus on the subject of Internet addiction, a focus on problem behaviors appears warranted.

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A Family Problem: The Effects of Parental Alcohol on Children

Author(s): Hatice Şen-Aslan / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2021

Alcohol misuse does not just adversely affect individual who uses alcohol, but also family system where the individual live in. Because of dysfunctionalities of people with alcohol problem such as lack of responsibility and disruption in roles, family home environment may become more chaotic and unstable. In these conditions, non-alcoholic family members may develop problems as well. In the present review, it is aimed to examine how the alcoholic parents influence their children in means of psychosocial and behavioral outcomes. Family is the most important factor for children socialization process and positive family environment is necessary for children’s well-being. Children learn and develop some basic skills such as sense of self, coping strategies and how to regulate their emotions in family environment thanks to their parents. By examining the effects on children of alcoholic parents (CoAs) and by being aware of risk and protective factors, those children’s wellbeing can be protected. To know damages parental alcohol abuse on the family and how resiliency might be enhanced, the importance of a family centered preventions and treatments to protect family peace is increased.

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A Longitudinal Study of Factors Explaining Attitude Change Towards Gambling Among Adolescents

Author(s): Ståle Pallesen,Daniel Hanss,Helge Molde,Mark D. Griffiths,Rune Aune Mentzoni / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

No previous study has investigated changes in attitudes toward gambling from under legal gambling age to legal gambling age. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate attitudinal changes during this transition and to identify predictors of corresponding attitude change. Methods: In all 1239 adolescents from a national representative sample participated in two survey waves (Wave 1; 17.5 years; Wave 2; 18.5 years). Results: From Wave 1 to Wave 2 the sample became more acceptant toward gambling. A regression analysis showed that when controlling for attitudes toward gambling at Wave 1 males developed more acceptant attitudes than females. Neuroticism was inversely related to development of acceptant attitudes toward gambling from Wave 1 to Wave 2, whereas approval of gambling by close others at Wave 1 was positively associated with development of more acceptant attitudes. Continuous or increased participation in gambling was related to development of more acceptant attitudes from Wave 1 to Wave 2. Conclusions: Attitudes toward gambling became more acceptant when reaching legal gambling age. Male gender, approval of gambling by close others and gambling participation predicted development of positive attitudes toward gambling whereas neuroticism was inversely related to development of positive attitudes toward gambling over time.

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A preliminary investigation into the prevalence and prediction of problematic cell phone use

Author(s): Peter Smetaniuk / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Likening mobile phone use dependency to the classification of excessive behaviors may be necessarily equivalent in seriousness to previously established addictions such as problematic computing or excessive gambling. The aim of the study explores into the behavior of excessive use of mobile phones as a pathological behavior. Methods: Two studies investigated criteria for problematic mobile phone usage by examining student (Study 1, N = 301) and nonstudent (Study 2, N = 362) responses to a set of adapted mobile phone addiction inventories. Study 1 investigated cell phone addiction inventories as constructs designed to measure problematic cell phone use. Additionally, Study 2 sought to predict age, depression, extraversion, emotional stability, impulse control, and self-esteem as independent variables that augment respondents’ perceptions of problematic use. Results: The results from Study 1 and Study 2 indicate that 10 to 25% of the participants tested exhibited problematic cell phone usage. Additionally, age, depression, extraversion, and low impulse control are the most suitable predictors for problematic use. Conclusions: The results of the two studies indicate that problematic mobile phone use does occur and ought to be taken seriously by the psychological community. Presently, there is limited data providing conclusive evidence for a comprehensible categorization of cell phone addiction, as well as a unified explanatory model specific to problematic mobile phone use. Studies such as this one may contribute substantial findings, adding scientific significance, and offering a valuable submission for the ongoing progress of creating intervention frameworks relative to “virtual addictions”.

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A preliminary investigation of materialism and impulsiveness as predictors of technological addictions among young adults

Author(s): James A. Roberts,Stephen F. Pirog / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

The primary objective of the present research is to investigate the drivers of technological addiction in college students – heavy users of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The study places cell phone and instant messaging addiction in the broader context of consumption pathologies, investigating the influence of materialism and impulsiveness on these two technologies. Clearly, cell phones serve more than just a utilitarian purpose. Cell phones are used in public and play a vital role in the lives of young adults. The accessibility of new technologies, like cell phones, which have the advantages of portability and an ever increasing array of functions, makes their over-use increasingly likely. Methods: College undergraduates (N = 191) from two U.S. universities completed a paper and pencil survey instrument during class. The questionnaire took approximately 15–20 minutes to complete and contained scales that measured materialism, impulsiveness, and mobile phone and instant messaging addiction. Results: Factor analysis supported the discriminant validity of Ehrenberg, Juckes, White and Walsh’s (2008) Mobile Phone and Instant Messaging Addictive Tendencies Scale. The path model indicates that both materialism and impulsiveness impact the two addictive tendencies, and that materialism’s direct impact on these addictions has a noticeably larger effect on cell phone use than instant messaging. Conclusions: The present study finds that materialism and impulsiveness drive both a dependence on cell phones and instant messaging. As Griffiths (2012) rightly warns, however, researchers must be aware that one’s addiction may not simply be to the cell phone, but to a particular activity or function of the cell phone. The emergence of multi-function smart phones requires that research must dig beneath the technology being used to the activities that draw the user to the particular technology.

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A Preliminary Study of DBH (Encoding Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase) Genetic Variation and Neural Correlates of Emotional and Motivational Processing in Individuals with and without Pathological Gambling

Author(s): Bao-Zhu Yang,Iris M. Balodis,Cheryl M. Lacadie,Jiansong Xu,Marc N. Potenza / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

Corticostriatal-limbic neurocircuitry, emotional and motivational processing, dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems and genetic factors have all been implicated in pathological gambling (PG). However, allelic variants of genes influencing dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmitters have not been investigated with respect to the neural correlates of emotional and motivational states in PG. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) converts dopamine to norepinephrine; the T allele of a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1611115 (C-1021T) in the DBH gene is associated with less DBH activity and has been linked to emotional processes and addiction. Here, we investigate the influence of rs1611115 on the neural correlates of emotional and motivational processing in PG and healthy comparison (HC) participants. Methods: While undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging, 18 PG and 25 HC participants, all European Americans, viewed gambling-, sad-, and cocaine-related videotapes. Analyses focused on brain activation differences related to DBH genotype (CC/T-carrier [i.e., CT and TT]) and condition (sad/gambling/cocaine). Results: CC participants demonstrated greater recruitment of corticostriatal-limbic regions, relative to T-carriers. DBH variants were also associated with altered corticostriatal-limbic activations across the different videotape conditions, and this association appeared to be driven by greater activation in CC participants relative to T-carriers during the sad condition. CC relative to T-carrier subjects also reported greater subjective sadness to the sad videotapes. Conclusions: Individual differences in genetic composition linked to aminergic function contribute significantly to emotional regulation across diagnostic groups and warrant further investigation in PG.

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A study on the relationship between compulsive exercise, depression and anxiety

Author(s): Aviv Weinstein,Yitzhak Weinstein,Gavriel Maayan / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

Exercise and physical activity are beneficial both physically and psychologically but a few individuals use exercise excessively resulting in physical and even psychological damage. There is evidence for bidirectional relationship between exercise with depression and anxiety showing that exercise can reduce anxiety and depression, whereas a lack of exercise is associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Methods: This study used questionnaires assessing compulsive exercise, anxiety and depression among 20 professional regular exercisers and 51 recreational regular exercisers. Results: Results showed that ratings of compulsive exercise were associated with ratings of anxiety and depression among individuals who exercise for professional and recreational purpose. Secondly, individuals who exercise for professional purpose were more depressed than individuals who exercise for recreational purpose, but did not exhibit higher trait anxiety ratings. Thirdly, individuals who exercise for recreational purpose showed an association between ratings of compulsive exercise and depression but not with ratings of trait anxiety. Discussion: Individuals who exercise for professional and recreational purpose may use it as a means for alleviating depression and anxiety although this small sample of recreational and professional sportsmen showed clinical levels of anxiety and depression that may require further clinical treatment.

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Abatere disciplinară. Consum de alcool în incinta societăţii în afara programului de lucru (Curtea de Apel Constanţa, secţia I civilă, decizia nr. 366 din 14 noiembrie 2017)

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Abatere disciplinară. Consum de alcool în incinta societăţii în afara programului de lucru (Curtea de Apel Constanţa, secţia I civilă, decizia nr. 366 din 14 noiembrie 2017)

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

Abaterea constând în consumul de alcool în incita societăţii sau la punctele de lucru nu este condiţionată de săvârşirea acesteia în timpul programului de lucru, susţinerile reclamantului cu privire la aflarea în afara orelor de program neavând nicio relevanţă sub aspectul existenţei faptei.

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Abstracts of the 1st International Conference on Behavioral Addictions

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: suppl.1/2013

Abstracts of the 1st International Conference on Behavioral Addictions; March 11–12, 2013, Budapest, Hungary

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Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference on Behavioral Addictions

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: suppl.1/2016

3rd International Conference on Behavioral Addictions March 14–16, 2016 Geneva, Switzerland

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Accident risk associated with smartphone addiction: A study on university students in Korea

Author(s): Hye-Jin Kim,Jin-Young Min,Hyun-Jin Kim,Kyoung-Bok Min / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The smartphone is one of the most popular devices, with the average smartphone usage at 162 min/day and the average length of phone usage at 15.79 hr/week. Although significant concerns have been made about the health effects of smartphone addiction, the relationship between smartphone addiction and accidents has rarely been studied. We examined the association between smartphone addiction and accidents among South Korean university students. Methods: A total of 608 college students completed an online survey that included their experience of accidents (total number; traffic accidents; falls/slips; bumps/collisions; being trapped in the subway, impalement, cuts, and exit wounds; and burns or electric shocks), their use of smartphone, the type of smartphone content they most frequently used, and other variables of interests. Smartphone addiction was estimated using Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, a standardized measure developed by the National Institution in Korea. Results: Compared with normal users, participants who were addicted to smartphones were more likely to have experienced any accidents (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.26–2.86), falling from height/slipping (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.10–3.91), and bumps/ collisions (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.16–2.87). The proportion of participants who used their smartphones mainly for entertainment was significantly high in both the accident (38.76%) and smartphone addiction (36.40%) groups. Discussion and conclusions: We suggest that smartphone addiction was significantly associated with total accident, falling/slipping, and bumps/collisions. This finding highlighted the need for increased awareness of the risk of accidents with smartphone addiction.

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