"Dashed Hopes and Good Intentions": A Bourdieuian Reading of Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

Author(s): Ebrahim Salimi-Kouchi,Mohsen Rezaeian / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Pierre Bourdieu's investigation into the mechanism of power relations in any given society emphasizes that culture is firmly embedded in social lives of agents. An agent engages in some social competitions, struggling with others and his or her own limits. Applying the metaphor of "game" to social life, Bourdieu believes that people, in order to accumulate more capitals, participate in intense social competitions. Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virgina Woolf raises some questions about the nature of power, language, and their intersection. The lives of the characters are not far removed from how they experience power relations in a college campus, a microcosm of American society. Putting into practice Bourdieu's theory of practice, this article analyzes the influence of the accumulation of capitals in the lives of George and Martha, the role of the imaginary child as a part of American dream and its significance to the couple's lives, and ultimately the use and abuse of language in their ways of communication.

"Войната на световете" - културен скрипт или предстояща криза?

Author(s): Dimitar Panchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article aims to provide a few examples from the fictional literature, film industry and computer games, all of which directly address the problem of collision between worlds that are incommeasurable. The main suggestion is that the conflict between them can be resolved only through the complete destruction of one of those worlds. This will be the starting point for the analysis of the so-called „clash of civilizations” theme, which was documented during the media monitoring carried out in October 2015. The main argument of the article is that the construction of a generalized negative image of the Other and its systematic exclusion from access to the order of discourse in its essence can become a „self-fulfilling prophecy” (borrowing the term from Robert C. Merton), i.e. this Other becomes the bearer of a crisis which, prior to that, has been ascribed as essential to him. In this way the marginalized elements of society do not have any alternative exit but to be who they are, in line with their ascribed negative identity.

"Лошите кредити": институционални и финансови аспекти, 1994

Author(s): Christina Vutcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian

Since the beginning of 1991 Bulgaria has been living through a period of transition from centralized totalitarian control to free market economy. Year 1990 can be said to mark the political liberation of the people with the adoption of the new Constitution. The economic liberalization, however, is a reality yet to be brought to life since private ownership is not prevalent in the economy. The prime aim of the transition is to substitute an absurd and inefficient economic system for a new one to rely on the free initiative, private ownership and competition.

(NE)USPEHI PREBIVALSTVENE POLITIKE

Author(s): Katja Boh / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 30-31/1999

In the paper other than economic and biological determinants of fertility behaviour are discussed. The qualitative dimensions in the shaping of fertility decisions are given importance. Described is the "wealth flow theory” of material and non-material goods, and the theory of the "optimal family”, trying to maintain the balance between the "costs” of children and the " benefits” for the parents. In all modern societies wealth flows from parents to children, and material and non-material investments (time and energy) in children have grown to the extent that they destroy the balance between "costs” and "benefits” which results in the lowering of the "optimal” family size, and in turn influences the choice of low fertility strategies.

100 Jahre der ungarischen Geisteswissenschaftlichen Schule

Author(s): Éva Karádi / Language(s): German Issue: 14/2018

My main thesis, my working hypothesis, is the assertion that Mannheim’s sociology of knowledge came about in a confrontation with its original view, the views shared with his Budapest circle of friends and presented in 1917-18 by thes members of the so-called Sunday circle, in the Free Academy for Humanities. // I will try to prove this claim and to shed light on the emergence of the mature conception of the sociology of knowledge, the Mannheim thesis in this context and from this perspective.

5–8 klasių mokinių sveikos gyvensenos žinios, įgūdžiai ir įpročiai, taikant informacijosmotyvacijos-įgūdžių modelį

Author(s): Vida Gudžinskienė,Jūratė Česnavičienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 2/2014

Currently, institutions of general education are creating preconditions for every learner to acquire knowledge on healthy lifestyle, as well as to develop correspondent skills and habits. The aim of the present article is to define the knowledge, skills and habits of healthy lifestyle of 5-8th form learners by applying the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills model. The research aim is concretised by the following objectives: to define the Information-Motivation- Behavioural Skills model and to identify the knowledge on healthy lifestyle of 5-8th formers, as well as to reveal the subjective evaluation of health-promoting skills and habits. Pursuing to answer the aforesaid tasks, analysis of scientific literature and empirical research, which included anonymous questionnaires for 5-8th formers of comprehensive schools (N=817: 48.7% of girls and 51.3% of boys), have been conducted. The data were processed applying the computer programme SPSS Statistics 16.0 for ‘Windows’. The following methods of mathematical-statistical analysis were applied for the analysis of the collected data: descriptive (percentage frequencies) and analytical (Pearson Chi-Square test) statistics. The Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills (IMB) model validates the combinability of information (as the initial and essential factor of the competence of health protection and promotion), personal and social motivation (as a second important factor), and skills and habits (as a third factor) in developing health protection and promotion competence at the junior stage of adolescence. The empirical research reveals that the knowledge of more than one half of learners about health and healthy lifestyle may be defined as insufficient; whereas more than a half of research participants, i.e. 5-8th form learners, do not demonstrate firm skills of healthy lifestyle: they do not attach sufficient attention to their daily diet, physical activity, have harmful habits, whereas the knowledge on personal hygiene does not always comply with correspondent behaviour. Therefore, despite the fact that the development of learners’ competence of health protection and promotion complies with the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills model and creates preconditions for learners to develop positive changes in their behaviour in terms of healthy lifestyle, it is assumed that different learners need to determine only sufficient and some superficial knowledge on the issues of healthy lifestyle and condition insufficient development of health-promoting habits. It would be expedient for researchers to define the motivation of learners to acquire knowledge on healthy lifestyle and develop skills and behaviour changes in terms of the links between the acquired competences of health education and promotion.

A 2018-as szlovákiai magyar identitáskutatás elsődleges eredményei

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Lampl / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

The joint survey of the Forum Minority Research Institute (Šamorín, Slovakia) and the National Policy Research Institute (Budapest, Hungary) was carried out in the summer of 2018 in 16 districts and 120 municipalities of Southern Slovakia, including the cities of Bratislava and Košice. The sample was constituted of 800 Hungarian adults in Slovakia. The quota is representative from the point of view of the proportion of inhabitants belonging to the Hungarian ethnic minority and living in Southern Slovakia´s mixed districts; and of gender, age group, school graduation level, and the type of municipality they reside in. The subject of the survey was the state of national identity and its changes compared to earlier time periods. The primary results presented here concern the following aspects: quality of life, current attitude toward public issues, national value system, national identity, language arrangements, language regime, language use.

A crritical analysis on budgetary wadges in Romania

Author(s): Adina Mihăilescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/2019

This study analyzes the importance of work, on onehand, and, on the other hand, the revenues that employees from tertiary education, researchers from ‘hardcare’ research and doctors are obtaining. In the same time, we are enhancing the big wages differences that different jobs depending on the state budget are showing. In this respect we are especially looking at the employees in research domain, as compared with academics and doctors physicians. The work-place is the frame where the following domains are very important: work conditions, revenues, the interpersonal relations at all levels, promoting opportunities, work time, proximity of work place, and work content. All these are making one activity to be more attractive than other one, building also the dimensions of some elements of the social importance of work per se.

A gondoskodás újraszervezése

Gyakorlati válaszok a gondoskodási válságra

Author(s): Noémi Katona,Loren László,Andrea Czerván / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 27/2020

The starting point of our paper is that the capitalist socioeconomic system treats life-reproducing reproductive work and one of its forms, care as free resources, as individual responsibilities, placing their costs on families and households, especially women. The low level of state engagement and the emergence of for-profit market services further exacerbate the crisis of care as well as inequalities in care. In the paper, we first introduce grassroots cooperatives and initiatives in the field of elderly care and child care that revalue and reorganize care in a participatory, democratic and solidarity-based way in order to strengthen carers as well as those with care needs, and to improve the quality of their lives. These include workers’ (carers’) cooperatives, users’ cooperatives (cooperatives of people with care needs), multistakeholder cooperatives and mothers’ centers, the communities of women with small children. We then introduce political movements struggling for the systemic transformation of reproductive work and care. We argue that the institutions of care should be owned and controlled by communities, while the state should continue to play a coordinating, funding and regulatory role in meeting needs and recognizing care work.

A hazai élelem-önrendelkezés centrális mozgalmainak és periférikus szerveződéseinek feminista olvasata

Author(s): Herstory Collective / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 29/2021

Both green organisations focusing on food sovereignty and feminist associations have a long history in Hungary, but their programs and goals have barely found common ground in the past decades. Literature exploring food sovereignty practices shows that more attention has been paid to the grassroots movements' discourse than to the lived experiences of women and men involved in local food production. In this multi-authored paper, the HerStory collective spots the Hungarian green and feminist initiatives' common grounds and addresses the current food sovereignty research gap. It explores the concept and practices of food sovereignty from the perspective of women living and/or farming in rural Hungary. Furthermore, it uncovers what problems and solutions, individual struggles and coping strategies emerge on the periphery of green and feminist initiatives. Academic and activist approaches simultaneously applied in this paper in the following three parts: (1) review of green and feminist initiatives, (2) a methodological account and semi-structured interview analysis (3) recommendations regarding collective actions in the food sovereignty movements and a solidarity base available for women and communities outside the movements' zone.

A lakhatási válságra adott közösségi válaszok

Bérlői lakásszövetkezetek Magyarországon?

Author(s): Csaba Jelinek,Zsuzsanna Pósfai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 27/2020

Since the crisis of 2008, housing is yet again and increasingly becoming a form of profitable financial investment. This tends to dominate over the claim that each person has the need and the right to access affordable, good quality housing. Across the globe this tendency is intensified by state policies as well. However, bottom-up initiatives organizing themselves for collective housing solutions are also gaining ground. These self-organized, „self-help” models open the possibility for economically vulnerable social groups to support each other in finding solutions for their housing problems, and also to collectively access resources that would individually be impossible to reach. This paper presents such an alternative housing solution, notably the model of rental-based housing cooperatives. Rental housing cooperatives are institutions organized in a bottom-up manner with the aim of providing affordable, good quality and stable housing for their members. We discuss two examples from Germany and from Uruguay for successful rental housing cooperative networks, which have existed for several decades. Finally, we present the steps which have been taken in the past years in Hungary and in the Eastern European region towards the establishment of such a model.

A LITERATURE REVIEW ON LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN

Author(s): Alina T. Costin / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Globally, the number of people migrating in search of a better job has increased considerably: over one billion people live outside their country, migration becoming a social phenomenon with a very strong impact on children left in care to a grandfather, relative or even an institution. There is no total consensus on the impact that separation from a working parent away from home has on children, due to the complexity of the variables that act, namely the child's personality, resilience, social context, coping strategies used, cultural role of the migrating parent, the age at which the child remains alone, as depicted in the scientifical literature. The present study represents a literature review aiming to highlight the main conclusions driven from recent research on the issue of the left-behind children. We have consulted 40 papers recently published in Elsevier, Medline, Springer, Wiley, and Web of Science databases. The psychological and emotional impact of the left-behind children (CLB) as well as the impact on school performance caused by parental migration were the main topics analyzed.

A LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INCOME INEQUALITY

Author(s): DONCENCO Igor / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

This paper provides a summary of current theories and relevant studies on income inequality conducted in the last 10 years. Excessive income inequality is one of the most painful and controversial topics for modern society. A person with high self-awareness has the ability to anticipate his real possibilities, the meanings of the “I”, manifested as a result of actions, and the inequality that generates deprivation among significant groups of the population causes a sense of helplessness, the inability to improve one’s situation, and adversely affects the socio-psychological state of the individual and society. In this case, it not only serves as a source of psychological tension, but also deforms the motivation for social behaviour.

A New Perspective on Pedagogical Content Knowledge: Intellectual and Emotional Characteristics of Science Teachers

Author(s): Muharrem DURAN,Muhammet Usak,Ming-Yuan Hsieh,Harun UYGUN / Language(s): English Issue: 72/2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of science teachers with different teaching experience on acids and bases and offer new domains of PCK which describe the relationship between PCK and emotional characteristics of teachers and their intellectual knowledge in science teaching. The research was carried out with the participation of six science teachers with different teaching experience. In the selection of participants, teaching the subject of acids and bases at least once, three and ten times, and being willing to participate in the study were the required criteria. Face to face interviews, videos and classroom observation forms, a pedagogical content knowledge form and academic follow-up forms are the assessment tools that were used in the study. It was found out that the teachers’ intellectual knowledge and positive emotional characteristics contributed to their pedagogical content knowledge. Teachers who were able to create effective learning environments with sufficient level of intellectual knowledge and positive emotional characteristics had more qualified pedagogical content knowledge. These properties had a significant role in students’ understanding.

A NEW SOCIAL IDENTITY. INCARCERATION OF YOUTH OFFENDERS

Author(s): Oana-Andreea Murgeanu-Manolache / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The topic of interest in this paper is the ex-inmates reintegration process after being released from prison, especially obtaining and maintaining employment. Attaching a criminal stigma has a specific symbolic meaning for inmates and their sense of social identity. Identity is considered to consist of many self-identification labels, which often reflect the individual's life experiences and structural opportunities. However, these labels do not sum up the whole human being, but this "new" identity will be the one that will try to obtain and maintain a job after being released from prison.

A Review of Multicultural Education in Northern Cyprus and Turkish Learning Levels of Students from Different Cultural Backgrounds

Author(s): Mehmet OZBILGEHAN / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2021

The purpose of this research is -within the frame of opinions by form teachers working in primary schools in Northern Cyprus- reviewing problems faced by the students coming from different cultural backgrounds and reviewing proposals to solve such problems, in addition to considering Turkish grades on foreign students’ report cards to determine Turkish learning levels of them. This study was carried out using a mix of qualitative and quantitative research methods as a base to understand the present situation. Within the scope of the purposeful sampling in the research, 40 classroom teachers from 5 primary schools from the Nicosia area were reached by using criterion sampling and maximum diversity techniques. A total of 120 foreign students were also reached. Open-ended questions were asked to teachers through semi-structured interview forms. The answers were interpreted by thematicizing. As a result of the study, problems faced by students from different cultures according to the opinions of teachers were grouped as; educational problems, communication problems, curriculum problems, problems related to family, and general problems. It is suggested to have special language programs for students from different cultural backgrounds.

A Study of Effects of E-Learning Based Exploratory Education on Students’ Self-Efficacy and Interpersonal Relationship

Author(s): Lingke KONG,Zhenlong CHU,You LI / Language(s): English Issue: 72/2021

Under constant education reform to cultivate students with transferable skills, it is necessary to effectively release excessive competition for school admission and guide normal teaching and balanced development of five ways of life. By re-positioning book knowledge as footprints commonly accumulated by humans, it might be able to recover current rigid education. Students should not be restrained from formal education, but should positively cultivate learning autonomy aiming at living to successfully seek for goals and ideal. Taking a university in Fujian Province as the empirical object, total 214 students are preceded the 15-week e-learning based exploratory education experiment (3 hours per week for total 45 hours). The research results show that exploratory education would affect self-efficacy, exploratory education would affect interpersonal relationship, and self-efficacy reveals significantly positive effects on interpersonal relationship. According to the results to propose suggestions, it is expected to help students discuss, communicate, establish goals, solve problems, and generate trust in the interaction process in learning activities as well as connect specific experience in activities with life experience, transfer and generate meanings, encourage adventure and self-challenge, self-awareness, and finally discover innovative thinking and new potential to generate the natural development for learning and change.

A Study of the Influence of Campus Ecological Environment Integrated Art Education on Learning Attitudes and Effectiveness

Author(s): Shenghua DUAN,Ruoyi ZHAO / Language(s): English Issue: 73/2021

Natural ecology is the basis of social development. The destruction of natural ecological environment would limit the development of society. Environmental issues have become the commonly concerned problems internationally and globally. Promoting the public knowledge and awareness of environmental problems as well as understanding of the correlations among living environment, resources, and humans through education would absolutely be urgent for educators. Campus environment is the best place for students’ ecological education and learning; therefore, a campus with good ecological environment would to-some-degree assist in the overall campus ecology. To maintain the overall balance between campus ecological environment and biological conservation, build natural landscape, and create aquatic and terrestrial habitats, traditional ecological environment engineering should be regulated to suit the sustainable development of ecological campus environment with biological conservation and ecological restoration environment. With college students in Guangxi as the research objects, total 288 students from two classes each in universities, as the experimental research objects, are preceded the 16-week (3 hours per week for total 48 hours) experimental teaching research. The research results conclude that 1.campus ecological environment integrated art education would affect learning motivation, 2.campus ecological environment integrated art education would affect learning effectiveness, 3.learning motivation presents significantly positive effects on learning effect in learning effectiveness, and 4.learning motivation shows remarkably positive effects on learning gain in learning effectiveness. According to the results to propose suggestions, it is expected to establish students’ identification and the successive belongingness through environmental integrated art education to assist students in overcoming the personality development stage for the positive psychological development.

A Study of the Relevance between Service Design and Consumer-Perceived Value Based On Social Marketing in Cultural and Creative Industry

Author(s): Wu YAN,Ren LEI / Language(s): English Issue: 72/2021

Due to the democratization and liberalization of national policies, which have promoted global economic development, and coupled with advances in information technology, dramatic changes have occurred in economic development. Among them, global cultural flows have far-reaching and wide-ranging impacts on countries worldwide. The interactive relationship between culture and the economy has enabled the cultural industry to grow rapidly. As the structure of industry and people's lifestyles and ideologies have changed, the development of design expertise has also transformed from tangible objects to the intangible world. Additionally, with the advent of the information society, emphasis has gradually been placed on interactive design, experience design, and service design. Intangible service design may become an important source of innovation and core competitiveness with future corporate value. The research object of this study is the average consumer in Fujian Province, China. Questionnaires were issued and collected by email. A total of 400 questionnaires were sent out, and 314 valid questionnaires were returned; thus, the recovery rate was 79%. The findings of this research include the following. (1) Social marketing significantly and positively affects service design. (2) Service design significantly and positively affects consumer-perceived value. (3) Social marketing significantly and positively affects consumer-perceived value. Based on these results, recommendations are made with the expectation of helping the development of cultural and creative industries to turn toward sustainable development.

A Study on Critical Factors in the Service Innovation of Local Medical Care for Senior Citizens

Author(s): Chih-Ming CHEN,Di-Yu Lei,Tzu-Jiun Yeh,Jui-Hsi CHENG / Language(s): English Issue: 74/2021

The 21st century is a hundred-year century, when senior citizen related issues are derived along with enhancing life expectancy, declining concept of raising a child as the insurance for old age, and increasing index of aging. Aiming at the test for possible needs, national social policies and systems as well as relevant economic industries should make adjustment and innovation. People’s needs for health care used to be pure disease treatment and health acquisition. When the market system moved towards the trend of customer-oriented service, people did not simply ask for the enhancement of medical technology, but started to criticize the feelings in the medical process. It resulted in medical care institutions focusing on the quality of service. Service innovation is a critical factor for medical care institutions keeping the competitiveness and sustainable growth in the market. Aiming at senior citizens in Fujian Province, 480 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 351 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 73% . The research results are summarized as below: “Service type” is the most emphasized dimension in Hierarchy II, followed by “service delivery”, “customer interface”, and “technology choice”, Among 12 indicators, top five indicators are ordered diversified service, service channel point, customer relationship management, business model, and customer participation. According to the results to propose suggestions, it is expected to benefit medical care institutions as well as enhance the health care quality of domestic medical market.