HOW FUTURE TEACHERS FOR PRESCHOOL AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL UNDERSTAND AND USE INQUIRY TEACHING AND LEARNING?

Author(s): Cristina Florina Pop,Liliana Ciascai / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Inquiry-based learning is considered a learning framework valued by researchers but less used by teachers, despite the fact that it has been promoted since the mid-19th century. Teaching by investigation includes methodological approaches specific to scientific inquiry, such as asking questions, documenting, testing personal ideas, solving problems, and concluding. There is no single framework for teaching by investigation, the inquiry approach being modeled by practitioners according to the proposed goals. The aim of this study is to investigate how future teachers for elementary and preschool education, involved in a distance training, design an inquiry-based learning model. The topics studied were left to the students' choice. The sampling was convenient, with 124 subjects participating in the research. The tool used in the research was an inquiry-based learning activity analysis grid. The obtained results show that the steps of formulating the assumption / hypothesis and of designing the testing of hypothesis are the most deficient. Participants face difficulties in formulating hypotheses and in substantiating them on the results of primary documentation or in correlating them with research questions. Furthermore, the testing is not correlated with the assumption or hypothesis made.

INTEGRATED STREAM APPROACH THROUGH SERVICE LEARNING PROJECTS. TEACHERS' OPINIONS

Author(s): Marinela Bărnuțiu-Sârca,Liliana Ciascai / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Over time, it has been found that STEM education does not cover all areas of school knowledge necessary for the integration of today's students into tomorrow's society. The introduction of the arts and reading along with the exact STEM subjects was intended to increase interest in knowledge and learning. Service learning projects can be considered an efficient and innovative way of applying the integrated STREAM approach to the classroom. Through this study, we aim to investigate how teachers understand the INTEGRATED STREAM approach, and, respectively, the realization of this type of approach through service learning projects. The participants in the research were primary and secondary teachers who attended a two-week summer camp. The results show that: a) engineering and technology have raised issues for teachers regarding their didactic treatment, these areas being often confused; b) participants show high interest in applying the INTEGRATED STREAM approach in service learning projects.

YOUNG PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION OF DISCRIMINATION IN A MULTICULTURAL CONTEXT

Author(s): Stela Spînu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Discrimination represents the prohibition or restriction of fundamental human rights and freedoms, becoming the reason for aggressive or undignified behavior, influenced by a lack of respect and consideration. In this context, the young people's perception of the phenomenon of discrimination based on religion or national origin in a multicultural educational environment is of interest. In connection with this, we conducted an opinion poll among Romanian, Russian, and Indian students studying at the „Nicolae Testemițanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy. According to the results, the problem of discrimination based on religion or national origin is not peculiar to young people, who are much more flexible in their behavior and thinking. They neglect ethnocentrism, stereotypes, and prejudices and realize that the peaceful coexistence of people belonging to different cultural backgrounds requires a tolerant environment.

The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Romanian Tourist Sector

Author(s): Cristina Ioana Balint / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Tourism is considered one of the most important economic sectors, due to its multiple roles, namely: economic, social, cultural, educational and political role. The tourism also is considered to be one of the most important sectors for supporting and developing a country’s economic through the fact that people have traveled for a long period of time and still continue to do it also nowadays more often. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused several global damages and has spread rapidly, affecting all the sectors, and especially the tourism one. The development of this sector is closely linked to the ability of people to travel, which is why the restrictions imposed by the authorities for stopping the virus to spread, have reduced seriously the evolution of the tourism. The purpose of this paper is to reflect the effects of the pandemic on the Romanian tourism, and, at the same time, to highlight the relevance and the sensibility of this sector crisis events. This article analyzes the situation of the tourism in Romania, both in the pre-pandemic period and during it, following the number of international arrivals and the tourism receipts, but also the evolution of the establishments of tourist reception with accommodation functions. The data provided by the World Tourism Organization (UNTWO), World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank and the National Institute of Statistics (INS) were used in order to observe the impact of the pandemic on the Romanian tourism, and the research was based on the analysis and interpretation of the obtained data. As a conclusion, in the end, the effects of the pandemic and the impact that the possible crisis situations have on the Romanian touristic sector can be observed.

Sustainable Mountain Tourism in the Alps: The “Mountaineering Villages” Concept, a Local Model for Sustainable Mountain Tourism in the Alps

Author(s): Thomas Dax,Oliver Tamme / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Alpine range is one of the best-known regions of relentless tourism growth. While it attracted outstanding numbers of tourists through both, summer and winter season, main destination areas are distributed very unevenly across the different parts of the mountain area. This led to a significant concentration of tourism intensity in some regions and even local “hot-spots” with a rising concern for negative effects on environmental performance. Alpine stakeholder groups (CIPRA) therefore advocated very early to address the issues of “overtourism” in this sensitive mountain context and succeeded in convincing politicians to agree on the Alpine Convention (1991), a policy agreement concerned with a whole set of sustainable development issues, including sustainable tourism pathways. Against the persisting mainstream of large-scale mountain tourism in large parts of the Western Alps, but also in Western Austria, few actions towards sustainable mountain tourism were elaborated. Since 2008 small communities have elaborated the concept of “Mountaineering Villages”, first as an initiative of the Austrian Alpine Club within the framework of the Alpine Convention’s activities. It seeks to promote low-intensity tourism strategies in high mountain areas, benefitting from unique mountaineering options. Due to its close interrelation with landscape development and land use, linkages to agriculture and local development of agritourism activities are an important element in these local initiatives. Aspects of enabling nature “experience” and emotional encounters with natural resources and mountain assets are considered instrumental for the attraction and success of the alternative tourism scheme. Spreading from a number of committed communities, at present 22 villages in Austria and increasingly also mountain communities in Italy, Switzerland, Slovenia and Germany are engaged in this concept. At present (May 2022) the association of the Mountaineering Villages extends to 36 municipalities. The paper will analyze how this small niche activity of mountain tourism achieves to address the specific assets of mountains, linking outdoor activities such as climbing, hiking, and nature exploration with landscape development, preservation of nature protection areas and adapted land management. It appears crucial that this link of agricultural activities, agritourism and other forms of rural and mountain tourism shape a specific profile of small-scale communities. Local strategies oriented at sustainable mountain development concepts are assessed as pivotal to provide targeted and ecologically-beneficial approaches of mountain tourism. These might serve as insightful models against growth-dependent large-scale tourism stereotypes

Investigation of Studies on Romanian Rural Tourism with Bibliometric Analysis

Author(s): Aslı Sultan EREN,Kubra Gundogdu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Rural tourism, which emerged when people struggling with stress in crowded city life went to rural areas in line with their desire to discover themselves, to be intertwined with nature and to return to their essence, offers the local people employment opportunities in many different areas. In addition, doing many activities increases the touristic attraction of rural tourism. It has been frequently preferred by people in recent years. Based on the importance of rural tourism, this study aims to examine the studies on Romanian rural tourism with the bibliometric analysis method. It allows to examine the characteristics of the studies such as method, technique and density. This analysis provides an opportunity to predict what the current situation of rural tourism studies is and how it will be shaped in the future. This situation reveals that the study will make an important contribution to the literature. 47 articles written in English were used as data in the study.

Conceptual Analysis of Recreational Activities in Rural Tourism: A Study in Sinop Province

Author(s): Buse Kekec,Defne Egirmen,Duygu Ayaz,Gul Erkol Bayram / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Sinop Province has a very convenient structure in terms of the use and development of rural tourism activities. The city, which home to different bird species, lakes, waterfalls, nature park, plateaus and many other natural beauties in the region, is also rich in cultural and historical terms. The aim of the study is to examine and develop rural tourism recreational activities in the province of Sinop. The study aims to increase the demand for rural tourism, to ensure the development of rural facilities, and to evaluate the infrastructure and superstructure by examining the recreational activities carried out within the scope of rural tourism in the province of Sinop from a conceptual perspective. The research is important in terms of supporting the socio-cultural and economic development of the people of the region, strengthening the relationship with the tourist, contributing to the development of the region. It is important in terms of contributing to the development of the region, its sustainability and the correct use of productive natural areas that can be brought into tourism.

Cost-Oriented Management of Agritourism Social Infrastructure in Ukraine

Author(s): Yulia Manachynska,Svitlana Luchyk,Olena Moshkovska,Volodymyr I. YEVDOSHCHAK / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the current conditions of declining tourism activity due to the coronavirus pandemic, Ukraine agritourism needs an appropriate level of investment support from real and potential investors. An effective form of development of agritourism is its development as one of the types of subsidiary production of agricultural enterprises. That is, the agricultural enterprise must be socially responsible and develop infrastructure for tourism. The purpose of the study is to implement N-dimensional model of cost-oriented management based on actuarial accounting at domestic agricultural enterprises in rural areas, the content of which will provide investors with an objective assessment of their value through the prism of actuarial reporting. The object of the study is the process of cost-oriented management of rural agribusiness based on the Actuarial Balance Sheet. The research methodology is based on the application of the 3D-recording method, discounted valuation and 5D-actuarial reporting in displaying information from the actuarial accounting system. Inventions and conclusions. The results of the study showed that agricultural enterprises need to attract investment not only in the development of agricultural production, but also in the development of infrastructure for tourism which could attract tourists and prolong their stay in rural areas. The innovation and value of the results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed N-dimensional model for cost-oriented management of agritourism social infrastructure on the grounds of accounting and information base of N-dimensional actuarial reporting.

The Relationship Between Communication Skills and Tourism Perceptions of Local People: The Case of Sinop

Author(s): Hasibe Yazit,Gul Erkol Bayram,Melike Sak / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Local people are one of the important drivers of tourism. They have a significant role on tourist behavior for having a positive destination image and repeat visits. This situation emphasizes the importance of the communication of the local people with the tourists. Tourism perception of the local people is seen as an indicator of its contribution to tourism development. The local people’s positive perception of tourism will enable tourists to be satisfied with this region and contribute to the touristic development of the region. It is thought that tourists from the local people who can develop effective communication skills and positive tourism perception will also be satisfied. In this context, the aim of the research is to determine the relationship between communication skills and tourism perception. In the scope of the research, a questionnaire was applied to 500 people residing in the city of Sinop. The data obtained were evaluated with the SPSS program and the relationship between the communication skills of the local people and their perception of tourism was tested. According to the results, a positive and negative relationship was determined between the communication skills of the local people and the sub-dimensions of tourism perceptions. Some suggestions were made according to the results of the research

Light Pollution and Astro-tourism: The Case of Melik Plateau

Author(s): Hatice Sari Gok / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The sky, the stars, the rainbow, and the universe have always piqued people’s interest, from ancient times to the present. The night sky can be enjoyed in all its glory in large rural areas that are not harmed by light pollution. For sky observations, places with less light pollution are favored due to heavy light pollution in cities. The concept of astro-tourism was born as a result of this event’s transformation into a tourism activity. Astro-tourism is a sort of nature-based tourism that involves traveling to locations where there is no light pollution to observe the sky and celestial occurrences. The Melik Plateau in Isparta Province has been named the darkest place among Turkey’s National Parks, with little light and air pollution. As a result, the goal of this study is to determine the current state of astro-tourism activities on the Melik Plateau. For this purpose, a SWOT analysis was made regarding the astro-tourism activities of Melik Plateau.

Main Characteristics of the Accommodation Facilities in Rural Areas: The Case Study of Bulgarian North-West Region

Author(s): Desislava Varadzhakova,Stefan Genchev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Tourism sector is very important for the Bulgarian economy. Before the pandemic of COVID-19 it generates between 10% and 12% of the country’s GDP. The present paper discusses the specifics of the tourism business in the rural areas. For the purpose of the study the research object are the accommodation facilities in these areas. The North-West Region of Bulgaria is chosen as a researched area because it is the least economically developed area in the country. There are 46 rural areas, evenly distributed in the five provinces of the region. The main types of accommodation, their characteristics, their territorial location compared to major urban centers and their relationship with the number of tourist attractions in the researched areas are identified. The main goal of the paper is to explore the potential for development of tourism in rural areas, based on a study of the accommodation facilities in the rural areas in the North-West Region of Bulgaria. The research includes an analysis of the disparities between the different rural areas, the possible reasons for them, as well as the opportunities for tourism development. The conclusions that have been made can become the basis for the development of tourism products and regional strategies for the development of specialized and alternative types of tourism.

MEĐUNARODNA SURADNJA - CILJEVI EUROPSKE UNIJE U OBLASTI ZNANSTVENO-ISTRAŽIVAČKE I ISTRAŽIVAČKO-RAZVOJNE DJELATNOSTI

Author(s): Vlatko Doleček / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Znanost, istraživanje i tehnološki razvoj su prioriteti politika i aktivnosti Europske unije (EU). Cilj je jačanje znanstvenih i tehnoloških osnova industrije EU kako bi postala konkurentnija u svjetskim razmjerima. U tom smislu EU podstiče univerzitete, znanstveno-istraživačke institute i preduzeća u njihovim visokokvalitetnim istraživačkim i tehnološko-razvojnim djelatnostima, te podupire napore koje ulažu u međusobnu suradnju.

AKTIVNOSTI U REPUBLICI SLOVENIJI NA RAZVOJU NAUČNOISTRAŽIVAČKE I ISTRAŽIVAČKORAZVOJNE DJELATNOSTI

Author(s): Tomaž Boh / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

U referatu je predstavljen sistem naučnoistraživačke i istraživačkorazvojne djelatnosti u Republici Sloveniji. Uslovi punopravnog članstva u EU donijeli su nove sistemske i suštinske izazove. U referatu su predstavljene glavne crte strateških dokumenata i smjer razvoja naučnoistraživačke i istraživačkorazvojne djelatnosti u Sloveniji. Predstavljen je i sistem formiranja i implementacije naučne i istraživačke politike i glavni instrumenti financiranja djelatnosti.

THE BASE METHODOLOGY TO SAFE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP ON THE EMERGING MARKET OF THE SOUTH EAST EUROPE

Author(s): Izet Bajrambašić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The market of the South East Europe (SEE) is recognized as emerging market of the transition countries which needs priority investment in different infrastructure projects for sustainable development. Infrastructure of a country is understood as the fundamental service foundation of economy, society and overall development. It is very well known that adequate services are necessary for the development of the economy, including transport, electric power, telecommunications, water supply etc. The transition countries are financially constrained and they have big problems in financing infrastructure projects, especially during the global financial crisis. These projects are generally characterised by high development and maintenance costs, and historically it was seen as the role of the government to fund and manage these assets. A way to fund and manage these assets in this challenging environment is via Public Private Partnership (PPP). Financing and development of infrastructure on the base of PPP means introducing the private sector in financing and management of public services and physical infrastructure. The key question is how to implement PPP on the emerging market of the SEE? The methodology to implement PPP has to be understandable, functional and practicable. It has to cover core tasks and performers which can produce planed results. The base Methodology for safe implementation of PPP needs cohesion of the following important elements: training, projects development, finance structure arrangement and implementation. The units and individual experts of the organisation structure need strong cohesion and it is necessary that everybody understands individual and complete process. Training Unit has task to train experts of the beneficiaries for PPP. It has to have corresponding infrastructure and equipment, good trainer, experience in education and training and possibility to organise training. The Project Developer (project development and finance structure arrangement) has task to develop PPP projects. The Developer will develop projects based on strategic document of the beneficiaries (municipalities, cantons, entities and state). Certified experts from Training Unit will be included. Implementation of the PPP project is guided by the Beneficiary (including certified experts trained according to their needs), with assistance of the Developer. This Methodology for safe implementation of PPP has strong cohesion units and activities “top to down” to follow up feasible and sustainable investment process.

References

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Alternativní metody ve výuce češtiny na SŠ

Author(s): Zuzana Procházková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

V příspěvku se na základě diplomové práce seznámíme s alternativními výukovými metodami ve výuce českého jazyka a literatury na střední škole. Nejprve se zaměříme na téma a cíl příspěvku, krátce si popíšeme program RWCT, třífázový model myšlení a učení E-U-R a definujeme kritické myšlení spolu se stručným přehledem možných metod, které lze ve výuce užívat. Stěžejní část příspěvku bude věnována modelovým hodinám, na nichž prakticky ukážeme práci s alternativními metodami.

СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ ТА ІНШИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Ukrainian Publication Year: 0

Litteratur

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Norwegian Publication Year: 0

POWER AND EMPOWERMENT IN OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS

Author(s): Jan Činčera,Petra Šimonová,Bruce Johnson,Roman Kroufek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Student empowerment as an outcome of outdoor environmental education programs is connected with the question of who has control over these programs. In this chapter, we analyze how power is distributed among program designers, leaders, participating students, and accompanying teachers. We show that no model of dealing with the dynamic relationships among these program stakeholders can be considered wrong per se but that each brings with it particular implications for the other aspects of program design and implementation.

VALUES IN OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS: BETWEEN EDUCATION AND ADVOCACY

Author(s): Jan Činčera,Bruce Johnson,Roman Kroufek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Should or shouldn’t outdoor environmental education programs promote particular values? This chapter focuses on the tension between trying to avoid manipulation and trying to pursue the aims of environmental education. We summarize the discussion of values in environmental education and outline Schwartz’s theory of universal values, then we analyze what program leaders think about values and how they deal with the issue in their practice. We argue that no education is value-free. Based on our research study, we found a normative, value-laden approach in outdoor environmental education to be controversial but still the most suitable approach for these types of programs. In the conclusion, we examine various methods of shaping environmental values in outdoor programs.