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The course of training in philosophy has been opened in 1992–93 year. Now it has full term accreditation for 6 years and it is on the 2th place in the national ranking of specialties. 14 young doctors in Philosophy graduated in Veliko Turnovo. Our Faculty has been accepted as national and international center of philosophical researches and education.
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The article examines issues related to the training in the specialty of “Judicial Administration” for the acquisition of the profession of judicial officer. On the one hand, the authors analyze in retrospect the emergence of the need to train judicial administration employees, the introduction of the profession and the creation of the specialty “Judicial Administration” in the Bachelor's degree in higher education. On the other hand, in connection with the identification of the current trends concerning the educational needs of the judicial administration, related to the acquisition of digital knowledge, skills and competences, anonymous surveys were conducted with judicial officers from the structure of the courts in the city of Varna and students from the Judicial Administration specialty studying at the University of Economics – Varna. For this purpose, questionnaires with questions were constructed and the data obtained were summarized and analyzed. On the basis of the research, topical issues concerning the need for modern approaches to training, corresponding to the digitalization of social relations, including the judicial system, are put on the field of scientific debate. It formulates summaries and conclusions with a view to updating the training documentation and linking it to the needs of practice.
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In the present study based on the main characteristics and components of the cyber hygiene as a subclass of the cyber security, educational challenges on the cyber hygiene in military area are considered. Based on institutional experience in the scope of the cyber security in the digital environment, a sequence of activities to keep resilient and reliable cyber hygiene in army organizations are analyzed and recommended. Definitions of basic cyber hygiene characteristics are suggested. Cyber hygiene software issues and institutional information security controls are discussed. A malware infection as main cyber hygiene concern is analyzed. Fundamental cyber hygiene instructions to ensure military Internet users and institutions stay protected are defined. Exemplary curriculum for education of military staff with basic themes is presented.
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The aim of this study is to present, based on the Rom. ms. 312 from the Academy Library in Bucharest, the teaching material used by a teacher of Slavonic in the second half of the 17th century. Rom. ms. 312 BAR is well-known particularly because it contains the largest dictionary belonging to the group of the first bilingual Romanian dictionaries. The elaboration of these dictionaries should be considered in relation to the political and cultural context of the reign of Matei Basarab, in a period in which Wallachia was influenced by the cultural prestige of Kyiv and of the metropolitan Petru Movilă, who influenced the cultural development of the Romanian Principalities. Matei Basarab wanted to restore the dominance of the Slavonic language and culture, by encouraging the development of schools, among other measures. The necessary linguistic tools were provided by Kyiv, namely the Slavonic-Ruthenian lexicon and Meletius Smotrytsky’s Slavonic grammar (1619). These tools, besides being used as such in schools, provide models for the first Romanian dictionaries and the first Slavonic grammar translated into Romanian. Six Slavonic-Romanian dictionaries have survived, all written in the second half of the 17th century (except for one dating from 1649) in Wallachia, based on the Slavonic-Ruthenian lexicon published by Pamvo Berynda in 1627, which these six works adapted both in terms of the number of entries and the content of the Romanian definitions. Except for the lexicon issued in 1649, the others seem to be modified copies based on a single version. Two manuscripts containing the first Romanian bilingual lexicons also include copies after the same Romanian redaction of the Slavonic grammar. The Rom. ms. 312 comprises the lexicon, part of the grammar, and other lexicographical components, organized as additions to the main word lists. There are several studies on the content of Rom. ms. 312, yet previous research only presents it from a general perspective without much detail on its components. We shall demonstrate that its content is also more complex than that of the other lexicons, indicating and presenting its parts: the first list of words taken from the Slavonic-Ruthenian lexicon; a second list which is independent of it, but which can also be found in three of the other lexicons included in the group; three thematic lists and two lists without a specific theme, plus a dictionary of proper names translated into Slavonic, which has never been studied. Furthermore, we also present opinions on the author of the grammar included in this lexicon. A comparative analysis of the Slavonic grammar of Rom. ms. 312 and the one in Rom. ms. 3473 from the Romanian Academy Library allowed us to advance the hypothesis that these are copies of a previous writing, which was not preserved.
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This paper aims to problematize and conceptualize the teaching approaches used by two trainers in the Applied Linguistics MA program at the Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Romania. Data collection was undertaken during the first semester of the academic year 2017-2018 for approximately two months during which I attended the first module of my master’s studies as a post-graduate student. The approach adopted combines a conventional literature review with the examination and discussion of two case studies incorporating post-observation field notes and teacher questionnaires for the purpose of triangulating data and methods. The paper lists findings consistent with the idea that the Romanian teacher education program helps trainees develop a reflective stance on their pedagogical practices through micro-teaching and presentation opportunities. Both courses have similar ultimate aims and rely on a non-hierarchical teacher-student relationship, using teaching and presentation sessions embedded in the training classroom to bridge the gap between theory and practice. The ultimate aim of the present study is not to persuade anyone to flip a classroom or let students embark on micro-teaching, but rather to provide potential readers with feasible resources should they decide to modify a university course or a pre-university lesson using one of the approaches described herein.
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The most common method to teach foreign languages is the use of course books. However, the 21st century serves other possibilities to use during learning, such as multimedia tools. The use of Internet, newspapers, the radio, or TV might be an alternative to typical language teaching methods.Multimedia can be defined as the exciting combination of computer hardware and software that allows you to integrate video, animation, audio, graphics, and test resources to develop effective presentations on an affordable desktop computer. The method of teaching a foreign language through Multimedia has been used wider and wider and it has contributed a lot to higher teaching quality. Chalk-and-Talk teaching method is not enough to teach a foreign language effectively. We should change our teaching ideas and recognize their impersonal attribute as one kind of teaching method. Thus we can utilize modern education technology reasonably to fulfill the target of language teaching. We live in times where multimedia tools accompany almost everyone in their daily activities, e.g. one can get ready to leave home with the rhythm of the music on the radio, while another person cannot imagine breakfast without reading a newspaper. This illustrates the media’s enormous impact on people. It seems to be more enjoyable when knowledge is gained through multimedia tools: entertainment, language authenticity, and encouragement to learn more are provided. Consequently, boredom, which sometimes accompanies working with a course book during lessons, might be avoided. Of course, everything depends on the teacher’s attitude and preparation. What is more convincing, is the fact that all the skills may be taught with the use of multimedia tools. Moreover, they may satisfy all types of learners, which is not always possible during teaching with a course book.
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This study investigates the impact of stress on twenty interpreters during simultaneous interpreting with objectively measurable parameters recorded using Alive Clinical Version physiological monitoring software, using a Somatic Vision 8-channel GP8 Amp biofeedback system. The purpose of the article is to describe the model developed to functionally investigate stress in interpreters by recording skin conductance levels during simultaneous translation from English into Bulgarian and how stress levels correlate with interpreters English proficiency levels and how stress affects language production during translation. The purpose of testing and implementing this model is to develop individualized protocols to reduce interpreters’ stress. The target group includes 20 undergraduate and postgraduate students studying at the Faculty of Philology of the South-West University of whom 11 are women and 9 are men with at the age of 21 to 37. The study design included measurement of skin-galvanic conductance variability (which is an objective measure of stress level), during rest 1 (start, about 2 min), simultaneous translation (up to 5 min), rest 2 (finish, about 2 min).
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If not the most essential, but at least the most noticeable difference between the two forms of the modern Armenian language – the Eastern and the Western – is the difference in the pronunciation of a large part of the consonants. In initial position and within the word, the voiceless consonants of Eastern Armenian language have voiced pronunciation in Western Armenian and the voiced consonants of the Eastern Armenian, especially the explosive ones, have voiceless pronunciation in Western Armenian. The devoicing has been already found in Old Armenian texts from the 10th – 11th centuries, but a similar case has been discovered much earlier – in the 7th century, in a text of the so-called ‘Anonymous interpreter’ (Armenian: Անանուն մեկնիչ), a commentator of ‘The Art of Grammar’ of Dionysius Thrax (170 – 90 BC), whose work had been translated into Old Armenian in the 5th century AD. In the commentaries of the Anonymous Interpreter there is an alternating use of the forms bazuk ~ pazuk ~ p'azuk (‘hand, arm’), which suggests that the devoicing of the explosive consonants in the Armenian language was a very old phenomenon. An even earlier and neglected example of devoicing of the explosive consonants in the Old Armenian language (Grabar) could be found in the Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus, a Latin speaking author who worked in the second half of the 4th century. Writing about the events of 368 – 369 AD, Ammianus mentions an Armenian eunuch named Cylaces, which name was a Greco-Latin form of the Syriac-Armenian personal name Glak, but in its Western Armenian pronunciation, Klak. This example not only lowers the timeline of this typical Western Armenian phonetic phenomenon by as much as three centuries, but also supports the existing hypothesis that the devoicing of the explosive consonants in the Armenian language already existed in the preliterate period, that is, before 405 AD.
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The hereby offered article points out some strokes from the revival epistolary theory that is presented on the pages of the letter-writing manual “Slavenobolgarskiy predruchniy poslatelnik za nastavleniya na bolgarski yunoshi” (1835) by Neophyte Bozvely nad Emanuil Vaskidovitch. The main target of the following research is the philological insight of the two teachers from Svishtov in the aspects of soundness of language and its stylistic perfection, and their following instructions concerning the writing of good and proper letters. Following the basic beliefs of the European Enlightenment and especially the correlation between the right, the virtuous and the beautiful, Bozvely and Vaskidovitch are constructing their own concept about the language and style of the letter by planting the two principles: “Write good when you do” and “Write just as you speak”. Under the banner of these two absolutes the coauthors introduce the stylistic demands for brevity, simplicity, aptness and beauty of language.
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Pedagogical science sees the specificity of higher engineering education in the fact that future engineers need not only to master the theoretical foundations of engineering calculations, but what is especially important for quality professional training, is to acquire stable abilities and skills to implement successful practical activities – readiness for independent professional improvement. At the same time, the development of communication technologies, a derivative of the needs of civil society, has accelerated markedly due to the forced physical isolation caused by the need to combat the Covid-19 pandemic. The transfer of knowledge in traditional forms between participants in the educational process, due to the dramatically increased mobility of the parties, is losing its effectiveness. The Internet, educational platforms, and social media have undeniably increased the speed and volume of information exchange. The authors of the article, having experience in using and evaluating the effectiveness of various communication technologies and tools, conclude that there is an obvious qualitative improvement in the digital competence of students.
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The introduction of new human resources management policies is a key catalyst for the organizational development of school institutions and for achieving sustainability in quality management systems. The article analyzes the problems of human resources management in the context of ensuring the quality of education. The causes of the problems and alternatives for influencing them in the context of human resource management in the modern school are outlined. We are looking for solutions for the management of pedagogical specialists, as part of the human resources in the school, aimed at the new requirements and responsibilities to the autonomous institutions to achieve high quality educational services, which include continuous improvement of teachers' competencies, life skills development. 21st century students, participation in the management of the institution. Possible management strategies are presented, leading to the improvement of human resources management and solving the problems with the quality of education in Bulgaria.
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The values of an individual, as well as of a larger or smaller community, exist and are revealed within the framework of a certain culture. Being ethnically, historically, religiously, politically, and otherwise determined, culture is the custodian and creator of universal human values – it ensures the unity of humanity, and understanding of individuals and nations, despite ethnic, religious, etc. differences. In Latvian policy documents, culture is considered the most important value, which forms the core of the nation’s identity and has unlimited potential for the state’s economic development. Moreover, in educational documents, culture is mentioned as an important value, an understanding of which should be formed in schoolchildren during the educational process. The school’s objective, which is defined in curricula and education policy documents, is to develop a comprehensive understanding among children and young people of such values as life, human dignity, freedom, family, marriage, work, nature, culture, the Latvian language and the Latvian state, developing an appreciative attitude and responsibility for themselves and their actions. The results of the conducted study on the understanding of cultural values among 14-18-year-olds provide not only for better understanding of the value system of young people and the reasons and motivations for their activities but also describe how young people understand the similarities and differences of different cultures (European, national, ethnic, regional, local), how they feel in the conditions of coexistence of different cultures and how they define their cultural belonging on the basis of values that are important to them. Using the broader understanding of culture as a basis, it can be concluded that local, regional and national cultural values are important for young people. Young people, on the other hand, have a rather abstract understanding of European cultural values. They also cite communication skills, tolerance, and participation as important values of universal human culture.
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The period of social distancing and the transfer of social and private activities to the digital environment can be a formative experience that, in the medium term, can lead to the development of an ethical, educational, legal, and administrative system in which digital citizenship is a basic component of interactions between individuals. The article develops the prerequisites for the real digitization of public space, which involves the use of electronic means so that social relations in the virtual environment are offered solutions for regulating and responding to developments in the digital domain through coherent and functional anticipation.The security of the digital environment and the complex risks and threats to cybersecurity implicitly impact national, European, and international public space.
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The starting point for this particular research is to uncover the relationship between the establishment of the regulatory framework, the implementation of various European digitisation development programmes and other types of enabling environment (financial instruments and programmes) with the demonstrated performance of business and science in the form of registered patents in the field of AI. The scope of the study is limited to the specific legal documents in the field of artificial intelligence, the financial mechanisms that Europe applies to stimulate research in this field, as well as to the applications filed and patents granted for technologies in the field of artificial intelligence, namely: machine understanding technologies. The study’s main results show that technology companies follow their own technology policies to meet market demands and trends, and support mechanisms (in the form of policies, programmes, and financial incentives) are more the result of technological developments than the other way around.
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The current paper aims at studying the technological development and the economic growth related with it from the perspective of the development of human brains and cognitive abilities of people, thus linking it to the educational framework, strategies, and policies, which a country sets as a basis for such development. The paper focuses on the technological development of Bulgaria and relating it to the country’s educational development. The research question set in the current paper is if and how technological development of a country is influenced by its educational policies in the field of higher education. Main results of the study show that Bulgaria has implemented a number of educational changes during the past 30 years, arguing that doing so will assist the nation achieve higher levels of socioeconomic development. There are still significant educational inequalities based on location and socioeconomic background, and overall productivity increases have not yet fully translated into sustainable and equitable growth in Bulgaria.
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In the paper we propose to analyze both from the point of view of the legal provisions in force, but also from the educational point of view, the cognitive situation of children in the face of exposure to applications such as those with a wide audience dedicated to socialization. Among the social interaction tools widely used by young people and children, we have chosen the TikTok application, as an illustration of the ways of legal and educational regulation with the aim of protecting the cognitive integrity of children. In the absence of effective legal actions and educational interventions by the decision-makers regarding children's development, in our opinion, the cognitive autonomy of children is seriously affected. At the same time, we present sufficient legal and educational ways to preserve the academic well-being of children.
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Educational activities aimed at developing knowledge and skills in dealing with demanding situations, promoting appropriate attitudes and values, and counteracting potential threats are needed because the scale and nature of modern threats exclude the possibility of their complete elimination. The above statement became an impulse to undertake research on education for safety which is used in the educational system that is part of the countries. The article discusses the activities undertaken as part of education for security implemented in the Federal Republic of Germany, the Kingdom of Spain, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The solutions adopted in these countries were considered potentially interesting due to the variety of school types and structural solutions. The layout of the study was adapted to the specific objectives set and focused on: characteristics of the form of education for security, to include areas of activity (formal and non-formal education) and indicate the possibilities of implementation in the field of native education. When deciding on methods, techniques and research tools enabling the collection of reliable material, attention was focused on the study of available documents (collection, selection, description, scientific analysis and comparison of interesting facts). The analysis of the teaching content allows to present the conclusion that they are focused primarily on improving first-aid skills. Drawing from foreign ways of implementing education for safety, attention should be paid to the breadth and interdisciplinarity of safety, the promotion of safety culture and the cooperation of schools and organizations as part of non-formal education.
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What is the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare public relations? How is it reshaping the world of health PR? Is AI a threat to healthcare PR or becoming their indispensable assistant? The purpose of the scientific report is to answer these and other questions regarding the application of artificial intelligence in health public communications. The methods used for the purpose of this report are the analysis and synthesis of data from bibliographic sources, as well as the analysis of the results of conducting a scientific experiment in a digital environment with artificial intelligence of the latest generation. Results. The role of AI in health PR is increasingly tangible and fully imposed in the system of international health care – the chatbot of the WHO in the Viber communication platform is a universal bridge between the Organization and its audiences and provides multi-layered opportunities for awareness on all possible health issues. An identical result is also on Facebook‘s Messenger platform. AI is gradually changing the business environment in every field, including healthcare. AI in the face of ChatGPT is becoming both an assistant to health PRs and a major rival. Discussion. Recent breakthroughs in AI technologies could significantly and permanently transform health PR and how it is implemented. The PR profession is not a disappearing species, as it is associated with a deep thought process, creativity, contacts, and connections with „living” people. These activities are so far beyond the reach of artificial intelligence, yet the best professionals will stand out and remain. The results of the scientific experiment set a direction for striving for anincreasingly accurate representation of health PR specialists in their professional field. Conclusion. ChatGPT can compose relevant texts, slogans, even messages that are highly effective when applied in the practice of health PR. In the foreseeable future, this technological innovation will be further refined. Chatbots as part of the idea of communication through AI is an area where the role of PRs is to carefully consider each message and the logical connection between the messages. The following recommendations emerge for future research on the topic: to monitor the technological progress of AI and to find new niches in health PR activities in which AI finds application.
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